Philosepedon oblongolum Bravo, Chagas & Cordeiro

Bravo, Freddy, Chagas, Cinthia & Cordeiro, Danilo, 2006, Two new species of Philosepedon Eaton (Diptera: Psychodidae: Psychodinae) from the Atlantic Coastal Rain Forest of northeastern Brazil, Zootaxa 1206, pp. 63-68 : 64-67

Philosepedon oblongolum Bravo, Chagas & Cordeiro , sp. nov.

(Figs. 1–9)

Type material

BRAZIL, Bahia, Porto Seguro (16º23’S 39º10’W), male holotype, 0 5.12.2002, F. Bravo col. (MZUEFS). Bahia, Jussarí (Serra do Teimoso, 15º09’S 39º31’W), 1 paratype male, 27.04.2001, F. Bravo col. (MZUEFS).

Etymology

The species name oblongolum is from Latin, and refers to the long parameres.

Description

Male. Eye bridge with 4 facet rows (Fig. 1); eyes separated by 1.0 facet diameter (Fig. 1); interocular suture without median spur (Fig. 1). Palpus formula = 1.0:1.5:1.9:2.4; first palpomere without pit with sensorial rods (Fig. 2). Antenna with 13 flagellomeres, flagellomeres nodiform (Figs. 3, 4), flagellomeres 11, 12, and 13 reduced, 11 and 12 broadly fused, 13 separate (Fig. 4); scape cylindrical, 1.2X length of pedicel (Fig. 3); pedicel spherical (Fig. 3); ascoids Y­shaped (Fig. 3). Labellum not flattened (Fig. 5). Wing with short Sc; radial fork apical to medial fork; radial fork complete and M2 incomplete; base of C wider and little sclerotized; R2 and M3 with oval apical enlargement; CuA wide in basal 2/3 and thin in apical 1/3 (Fig. 6). Male terminalia (Figs. 7–9): Gonostyle with pointed apex 1.5X length of gonocoxite. Epandrium rectangular with central aperture. Sternite 10 with triangular apex. Cercus with 2 apical tenacula with rounded tips. Parameres triangular, straight, with apex reaching end of aedeagus. Aedeagus symmetrical, with same length as aedeagal apodeme. Aedeagal apodeme uniformly thin.

Female. Unknown.

Distribution

Brazil, Bahia, Porto Seguro, Serra do Teimoso.

FIGURES 1–9. Philosepedon oblongolum Bravo, Chagas & Cordeiro , sp. nov., holotype male. 1. Head. 2. Palpus. 3. Base of antenna; scape and pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 4. Terminal lobe of labium. 5. Antenna; 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, and 13th flagellomeres. 6. Wing. 7. Male terminalia, dorsal. 8. Male terminalia, lateral. 9. Epandrium.

Philosepedon uncinatum Bravo, Chagas & Cordeiro , sp. nov. (Figs. 10–19)

Type material

BRAZIL, Bahia, Santa Terezinha (Serra da Jibóia, 12º50’S 39º28’W), holotype male, 27.07.2000, F. Bravo col. (MZUEFS); 1 paratype male, same locality, date and collector as holotype (MZUEFS); Bahia, Cachoeira (Fzda Villa Rial, 15º09’S 39º32’S), 2 paratype males, 20.05.2004, F. Bravo col. (MZUEFS) and 1 paratype male, 20.07.2004, F. Bravo col. (MZUEFS); Bahia, Ituberá (13º42’S 39º11’W), 4 paratype males, 0 1.07.2003, F. Bravo col. (MZUEFS).

Etymology

The species name uncinatum is from Latin, and refers to the curved parameres.

Description

Male. Eye bridge with 4 facet rows (Fig. 10); eyes separated by 1.0 facet diameter (Fig. 10); interocular suture with very short spur (Fig. 10) Palpus formula = 1.0:1.7:1.9:2.6 (Fig. 9); first palpomere with pit with sensorial rods. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres, flagellomeres nodiform (Figs. 12, 13), flagellomeres 11, 12, and 13 reduced, 11 and 12 broadly fused, 13 separate (Fig. 13); scape cylindrical, 1.2X length of pedicel (Fig. 12); pedicel spherical (Fig. 12); ascoids Y­shaped (Fig. 12). Labellum not flattened (Fig. 14). Wing (Fig. 15) with short Sc; radial fork apical to medial fork; radial fork complete and M2 incomplete; base of C wider and little sclerotized and other specimen with C evenly wide; R2 and M3 with oval apical enlargement, but R2 can present, in some specimens, a smaller enlargement; CuA wide in basal 2/3 and thin in apical 1/3. Male terminalia (Figs. 16–19): gonostyle with pointed apex having same length as gonocoxite. Epandrium rectangular with central aperture. Sternite 10 wider distally. Cercus with 2 tenacula with rounded tips, 1 apical and the other subapical. Parameres triangular and curved, ½ length of aedeagus. Aedeagus symmetrical, same length as aedeagal apodeme. Aedeagal apodeme wider in posterior 2/3; anterior 1/3 very thin.

Female. Unknown.

Distribution

Brazil, Bahia, Serra da Jibóia, Cachoeira, Ituberá.

Comments

The two new species of Philosepedon were collected in the wet forests of the Atlantic Coastal Rain Forest of Bahia in northeastern Brazil. These two new species from Brazil, with two tenacula on the cercus, are different from the two southern Brazilian species of Philosepedon ( Ph. plaumanni and Ph. spathipenis ), which have only one tenaculum on the cercus. Philosepedon uncinatum sp. nov. was collected at various localities in the Atlantic Rain Forest of Bahia, except from southern Bahia, while Ph. oblongolum sp. nov. was collected only from southern Bahia (Porto Seguro and Jussarí).

The two new species are morphologically similar and are probably related. These new species can be distinguished from the other species of Philosepedon by the presence of 13 flagellomeres with the 11th and 12th fused, the oval apical enlargement of R2 and M3, an incomplete M2, and two tenacula on the cercus. Likewise, Ph. uncinatum sp. nov. can be distinguished from Ph. oblongolum sp. nov. because the apices of the parameres of the former reach only to the middle of the aedeagus, whereas the apices of the parameres of Ph. oblongolum sp. nov. almost reach the apex of the aedeagus. No known species of Philosepedon has been described with this oval apical enlargement of the R2 and M3 veins; these characteristics could be a synapomorphy of these new Brazilian species. The New Guinea species Ph. torosa Quate & Quate and Ph. pectinata Quate & Quate have a similarly enlarged vein area, but this enlargement is near the center of R2+3 and in the base of M4. Only one previously described species of Philosepedon , Ph. aliciae Ibáñez­Bernal & Cáceres , has a cercus with 2 tenacula and 13 flagellomeres, but it differs from the two new species from Brazil by the foliar arms of the ascoids, and by the separated flagellomeres 11 and 12.

FIGURES 10–19. Philosepedon uncinatus Bravo, Chagas & Cordeiro , sp. nov., holotype male. 10. Head. 11. Palpus. 12. Base of antenna; scape and pedicel and basal flagellomeres. 13. Antenna; 10th, 11th, 12th, and 13th flagellomeres. 14. Terminal lobe of labium. 15. Wing. 16. Cercus, apex with two tenacula. 17. Male terminalia, dorsal. 18. Male terminalia, lateral. 19. Epandrium.