Cephisus

Hamilton, Andrew, 2012, Revision of Neotropical aphrophorine spittlebugs, part 1: Ptyelini (Hemiptera, Cercopoidea), Zootaxa 3497, pp. 41-59 : 47-48

Key to species of Cephisus

1. Black to dark brown with frons and tylus yellow to orange ( Figs 1 C–D); frons inflated, lacking coronal margin ( Fig. 2 C)................................................................................... xanthocephala (Walker)

1’ Brown, usually mottled without paler frons ( Figs 1 E–H); frons not inflated, with angled coronal margin ( Figs 2 D–F)....... 2

2. Head small, 0.75x as wide as pronotum.................................................................... 7

2’ Head larger, 0.80–0.85x as wide as pronotum............................................................... 3

3. Males.............................................................................................. 9

3’ Females............................................................................................. 4

4. Head 0.85x as wide as pronotum; coast of Gulf of California....................................... laticeps sp. nov.

4’ Head 0.80x as wide as pronotum; highlands of Mexico and southwestern USA to Brazil............................. 5

5. Range: Venezuela to Brazil.............................................................. diminutus (Walker)

5’ Range: Central America to USA......................................................................... 6

6. Length 12.7–13.5 mm; tegmina 8.0– 10.5 mm long; lowlands of the southern end of the Gulf of Mexico.. brevipennis sp. nov.

6’ Length 13.5–18 mm; tegmina 11–15 mm long; Central America north in highlands of Mexico to USA................................................................................................ variolosus (Walker) , complex

7. Entirely dark brown; crown coplanar with front of pronotum in lateral aspect; ventral processes of theca tip serrate ( Fig. 14 B)...................................................................................... jacobii Lallemand

7’ Distinctly mottled with pale brown, at least on pronotum; crown with at least apical half at a distinctly shallower angle than that of front of pronotum (as in Fig. 3 B); ventral processes of theca tip unarmed ( Fig. 13 B).......................... 8

8. Female longer than 18 mm; male 17.4 mm .................................................. magnificus sp. nov.

8’ Female not more than 17.6 mm, male not more than 12 mm ..................................... siccifolia (Walker)

9. Lateral processes of theca blunt-tipped, apically serrate ( Figs 8 A–B)............................. diminutus (Walker)

9’ Lateral processes of theca with tips tapered, pointed ( Figs 9–13 B)............................................. 10

10. Lateral processes of theca broad almost to tip ( Fig. 13 B), in posterior aspect usually viewed edge-on; South America............................................................................................. siccifolia (Walker)

10’ Lateral processes of theca in posterior aspect evenly tapered to tip ( Fig. 12 B); Central America to southern USA....... 11

11. Head 0.80x as wide as pronotum; lateral margin of pronotum 3/4 as long as eye, or longer; central America north to the high- lands of Mexico and southwestern USA............................................. variolosus (Walker) , complex

11’ Head 0.85x as wide as pronotum; lateral margin of pronotum less than 3/4 as long as eye; lowlands of coastal Mexico... 12

12. Pronotum with blackish transverse band between humeral angles; ventral processes of theca tip 2.0x as long as lateral pro- cesses ( Fig. 9 B); west coast of Mexico......................................................... laticeps sp. nov.

12’ Pronotum marked only with blackish wrinkles, or a blackish transverse band broadly interrupted at middle; ventral processes of theca tip 1.5x as long as lateral processes ( Fig. 15 B); east coast of Mexico....................... brevipennis sp. nov.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Habitus of Cephisus spp. A. C. laticeps; B-E. B. C. siccifolia; C. C. xanthocephala; D. C. sanguisuga from Amazonian basin; E – H. C. variolosus complex (E. “ typical ” variolosus, specimen # CNCHB 1904 – 11, from Oaxaca; F. specimen near C. brevipennis from Guerrero; G. specimen # CNCHB 1906 – 11 from Veracruz; H. specimen # CNCHB 1905 – 11 from Chiapas).

FIGURE 2. Head and pronotum, dorsolateral (perpendicular) aspect. A. C. laticeps, holotype; B. C. siccifolia; C. C. sanguisuga from Amazonian basin; D-F. C. variolosus complex (D. specimen near C. brevipennis from Guerrero; E. specimen # CNCHB 1905 – 11 from Chiapas; F. specimen # CNCHB 1906 – 11 from Veracruz).

FIGURES 5 – 15. Male genitalia of Ptyelini in lateral aspect (A), caudal aspect of theca (B) and widest aspect of style (C). 5. genital capsule of Ptyelus; 6. same, of Cephisus; 7. syntype male of C. sanguisuga; 8. C. diminutus, holotype; 9. C. laticeps, holotype; 10. C. xanthocephala; 11. C. magnificus, holotype; 12. C. variolosus; 13. C. siccifolia; 14. C. jacobii; 15. C. brevipennis, holotype.

FIGURES 3 – 4. Morphology of head (3) and wings (4) of Ptyelini. 3 A. face of Cephisus sanguisuga, holotype; 3 B. head and pronotum, ventrolateral aspect, of C. xanthocephala, holotype; 3 C. head and propleuron of unidentified Cercopinae; 4 A. tegmen of C. siccifolia, ventral aspect showing ventral flange (“ Sc ” of authors); 4 B. hindwing of same; 4 C. same, of Ptyelus sp.; 4 D. same, of Eulepyronia grossa Schmidt, holotype.