Exochus mitratus Gravenhorst, 1829

Kolarov, Janko, Çoruh, Saliha & Çoruh, İrfan, 2016, Contribution to the knowledge of the Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) fauna of Turkey from northeastern Anatolia, Part I, Turkish Journal of Zoology 40 (1), pp. 40-56 : 51-54

Exochus mitratus Gravenhorst, 1829

Material examined: Ordu: Fatsa , 41°1.934′N, 37°34.879′E, 20 m, 22.06.2014, 1♀ .

Geographic distribution: Holarctic region.

Habitat: Seaside, garden area.

Vegetation: Amaranthus retroflexus , Anthemis tinctoria , Artemisia vulgaris , Avena fatua , Chenopodium album , Cichorium intybus , Daucus carota , Holcus lanatus , Hypericum perforatum , Lapsana communis , Lolium perenne , Plantago major , Polygonum persicaria , Rubus discolor , Rumex crispus , Scrophularia scopolii , Setaria glauca , Solanum nigrum , Sonchus oleraceus , Verbascum thapsus .

Associated plants with E. mitratus : Peucedanum oreoselinum , Quercus lusitanica .

Exochus suborbitalis Schmiedeknecht, 1924

Material examined: Giresun: Tirebolu, Balçıkbelen , 40°58.386′N, 38°52.576′E, 71 m, 22.06.2014, 1♀ ; Ordu: Fatsa , 41°1.934′N, 37°34.879′E, 20 m, 23.06.2014, 1♀ .

Geographic distribution: Palearctic region.

Habitat: Hazelnut and seaside, garden area.

Vegetation: Amaranthusretroflexus, Anthemistinctoria, Artemisia vulgaris , Avena fatua , Calystegia sepium , Carex echinata , Chenopodium album , Cichorium intybus , Corylus avellana , Daucus carota , Holcus lanatus , Hypericum perforatum , Lapsana communis , Lolium perenne , Medicago sativa , Poa longifolia , Plantago lanceolata , P. major , Polygonum persicaria , Pteridium aquilinum , Rubus discolor , R. hirtus , Rumex crispus , Scrophularia scopolii , Setaria glauca , Solanum nigrum , Sonchus oleraceus , Tanacetum macrophyllum , Trifolium pratense , Verbascum thapsus .

Associated plants with E. suborbitalis : Peucedanum oreoselinum .

3.10. Orthocentrinae

Megastylus (Megastylus) flavopictus (Gravenhorst, 1829) Material examined: Ordu: Perşembe, Kaleyaka , 41°6.077′N, 37°47.013′E, 51 m, 23.06.2014, 1♀ .

Geographic distribution: Holarctic region.

Habitat: Roadside and garden area.

Vegetation: Bromus japonicus , Calystegia sepium , Cichorium intybus , Conyza bonariensis , Daucus carota , Epilobium angustifolium , Lactuca serriola , Lolium perenne , Poa pratensis , Plantago major , Rubus discolor , Rumex crispus , Setaria glauca , Sorghum halepense , Trifolium pratense , Tripleurospermum oreades .

Associated plants with M. (M.) flavopictus : not known.

3.11. Oxytorinae

* Oxytorus luridator (Gravenhorst, 1820)

Material examined: Rize: Çamlıhemşin, Zilkale , 40°55.322′N, 40°57.477′E, 764 m, 20.06.2014, 1♂ , İkizdere, Tulumpınar , 40°42′48.7″N, 40°37′6.7″E, 1170 m, 19.06.2014, 1♂ .

Geographic distribution: Europe and Georgia.

New for the Turkish fauna.

Habitat: Semiwet, shrub, sloping and meadow area.

Vegetation: Achillea millefolium , Arctium minus , Bellis perennis , Calystegia silvatica , Capsella bursa-pastoris , Daucus carota , Echium vulgare , Epilobium montanum , Erigeron acer , Galium aparine , Geranium purpureum , G. pyrenaicum , G. sylvaticum , Heracleum sphondylium , Inula vulgaris , Lapsana communis , Leontodon hispidus , Medicago lupulina , Mycelis muralis , Paspalum dilatatum , Phleum phleoides , Plantago major , Prunella vulgaris , Pteridium aquilinum , Ranunculus kochii , R. repens , Rosularia sempervivum , Rubus hirtus , Rumex alpinus , Salvia verticillata , Tanacetum macrophyllum , Trifolium repens , Urtica dioica , Verbascum thapsus .

Associated plants with O. luridator : not known.

3.12. Pimplinae

Exeristes roborator (Fabricius, 1793)

Material examined: Erzurum: İspir, Çayırözü , 40°33′53.1″N, 40°53′24.2″E, 2123 m, 19.06.2014, 1♂, 1♀ .

Geographic distribution: Afrotropical region, Oriental, and introduced in North America and the Palearctic .

Habitat: Ovit Mountain foothills, meadow area.

Vegetation: Achillea millefolium , Alchemilla caucasica , Capsella bursa-pastoris , Centaurea glastifolia , Cephalaria procera , Daucus carota , Ferula orientalis , Galium incanum , Hypericum perforatum , Lamium album , Papaver bracteatum , Plantago lanceolata , P. major , Poa bulbosa , P. pratensis , Polygonum bistorta , Ranunculus kotschyi , Reseda lutea , Rhinanthus angustifolius , Rumex acetosella , R. crispus , Sanguisorba minor , Thalictrum minus , Trifolium pratense , Vicia cracca .

Associated plants with E. roborator : Anethum graveolens , Daucus carota , Euphorbia virgata , Fraxinus excelsior , Heracleum sphondylium , Pastinaca graveolens , Peucedanum oreoselinum , Quercus sessiliflora , Salvia sylvestris , Seseli tortuosum , Tamarix sp.

Remark: This species was collected on Daucus carota while feeding.

Gregopimpla inquisitor (Scopoli, 1763)

Material examined: Rize: Çamlıhemşin, Çat , 40°53.230′N, 40°55.746′E, 1054 m, 20.06.2014, 1♀ .

Geographic distribution: Holarctic region.

Habitat: Semiwet, sloping, brushwood area.

Vegetation: Alopecurus myosuroides , Arctium minus , Astragalus viciifolius , Atropa belladonna , Coronilla orientalis , Crepis setosa , Dactylis glomerata , Dactylorhiza urvilleana , Eryngium giganteum , Euphrasia rostkoviana , Geranium purpureum , G. pyrenaicum , Heracleum sphondylium , Hypericum hirsutum , Inula vulgaris , Lapsana communis , Lysimachia vulgaris , Matricaria chamomilla , Melica ciliata , Mentha longifolia , Orchis palustris , Phleum phleoides , Pilosella hoppeana , Prunella vulgaris , Pteridium aquilinum , Ranunculus cappadocicus , R. repens , Rhinanthus angustifolius , Rumex alpinus , Salvia verticillata , Sambucus nigra , Sedum alpestre , Senecio viscosus , Symphytum asperum , Tanacetum macrophyllum , Thalictrum minus , Telekia speciosa , Trifolium pratense , T. repens , Urtica dioica , Verbascum thapsus .

Associated plants with G. inquisitor : Alnus glutinosa , Daucus carota sativus , Epilobium angustifolium , Heracleum sphondylium , Impatiens parviflora .

Remark: This species was collected on Hypericum hirsutum while feeding.

Itoplectis maculator (Fabricius, 1775)

Material examined: Erzurum: İspir, Çayırözü , 40°33′53.1″N, 40°53′24.2″E, 2123 m, 19.06.2014, 1♀ ;

Trabzon: Yomra , 40°56.058′N, 39°52.526′E, 401 m, 21.06.2014, 1♀ ; Araklı, Birlik , 40°51.677′N, 40°03.836′E, 118 m, 21.06.2014, 1♀ .

Geographic distribution: Armenia, Europe, Iran, Mongolia, Morocco, Siberia, Tunisia, and Turkey.

Habitat: Ovit Mountain foothills, meadows, roadside and hazelnuts area.

Vegetation: Achillea millefolium , Alchemilla caucasica , Artemisia vulgaris , Calystegia sepium , Capsella bursa-pastoris , Carex pallescens , Centaurea glastifolia , Cephalaria procera , Chenopodium album , Cichorium intybus , Conyza bonariensis , Corylus avellana , Daucus carota , Erigeron acer , Equisetum arvense , Euphorbia helioscopia , Ferula orientalis , Galium incanum , Holcus lanatus , Hypericum perforatum , Lactuca serriola , Lamium album , Lapsana communis , Lolium perenne , Medicago lupulina , Melilotus officinalis , Paspalum dilatatum , Papaver bracteatum , Plantago lanceolata , P. major , Poa bulbosa , P. pratensis , Polygonum bistorta , Ranunculus kotschyi , Reseda lutea , Rhinanthus angustifolius , Rumex acetosella , R. crispus , Salvia verticillata , Sanguisorba minor , Seseli libanotis , Sonchus asper , S. oleraceus , Sorghum halepense , Rubus discolor , R. hirtus , Rumex crispus , Thalictrum minus , Trifolium pratense , T. repens , Tripleuspermum oreades , Vicia cracca .

Associated plants with I. maculator : not known.

Remark: This species was collected on Daucus carota while feeding.

Paraperithous gnathaulax (Thomson, 1877)

Material examined: Erzurum: Pazaryolu, Kumaşkaya , 40°31′50.523″N, 40°45′16.686″N, 1825 m, 19.06.2014, 1♀ .

Geographic distribution: Palearctic region.

Habitat: Meadow area.

Vegetation: Achillea biebersteinii , A. millefolium , Amaranthus retroflexus , Carum carvi , Chenopodium album , Cirsium arvense , Epilobium angustifolium , E. parviflorum , Filipendula vulgaris , Gladiolus atroviolaceus , Heracleum pastinacifolium , Lysimachia vulgaris , Malva neglecta , Pedicularis comosa , Plantago atrata , P. lanceolata , P. major , Ranunculus grandiflorus , Rhinanthus angustifolius , Rumex acetosella , Silene compacta , Thalictrum minus , Trifolium pratense , T. repens .

Associated plants with P. gnathaulax : not known.

Remark: This species was collected on Heracleum pastinacifolium while feeding.

Pimpla spuria Gravenhorst, 1829

Material examined: Giresun: Görele, Çavuşlu , 41°2.449′N, 39°4.403′E, 0 m, 22.06.2014, 1♂ , Piraziz , 40°56.987′N, 38°6.522′E, 16 m, 23.06.2014, 3♂♂ ; Ordu: Turnasuyu , 40°58.624′N, 38°0.749′E, 1 m, 23.06.2014, ♂ .

Geographic distribution: Oriental and Palearctic region .

Habitat: Seaside and hazelnut area.

Vegetation: Alyssum repens , Amaranthus retroflexus , Anthemis tinctoria , Artemisia vulgaris , Avena fatua , Bromus japonicas , Calystegia sepium , Chenopodium album , Cichorium intybus , Conyza bonariensis , Corylus avellana , Cynodon dactylon , Daucus carota , Epilobium angustifolium , Holcus lanatus , Hypericum perforatum , Lactuca serriola , Lapsana communis , Lolium perenne , Malva neglecta , Myosotis lazica , Phragmites austrialis , Plantago lanceolata , P. major , Polygonum persicaria , Pteridium aquilinum , Rubus discolor , R. hirtus , Rumex crispus , Scrophularia scopolii , Senecio vulgaris , Setaria glauca , Solanum nigrum , Sonchus oleraceus , Tanacetum macrophyllum , Trifolium pratense , T. repens , Tripleurospermum oreades , Urtica dioica , Verbascum thapsus , Vicia cracca , Xanthium spinosum .

Associated plants with P. spuria : Acer campestre, Anethum graveolens , Daucus carota , Daucus carota sativus , Euphorbia nicaeensis , Heracleum sphondylium , Tamarix sp.

Remark: This species was collected on Hypericum perforatum while feeding.

3.13. Tryphoninae

Aderaeon hamatum Kasparyan, 1971

Material examined: Erzurum: İspir, Çayırözü , 40°33′53.1″N, 40°53′24.2″E, 2123 m, 19.06.2014, 1♀ ; Pazaryolu, Toprakkale , 40°16′41.47″N, 40°59′56″E, 2246 m, 19.06.2014, 2♂♂ .

Geographic distribution: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Georgia, Iran, Russia (Volgograd oblast), Turkey, and Ukraine.

Habitat: Ovit Mountain foothills and meadow area.

Vegetation: Achillea millefolium , Alchemilla caucasica , Allium armenum , Anthemis cretica , Capsella bursa-pastoris , Centaurea depressa , C. glastifolia , Cephalaria procera , Cerinthe minor , Daucus carota , Euphorbia stricta , Ferula orientalis , Galium incanum , G. verum , Hypericum perforatum , Juncus articulatus , Lamium album , Lapsana communis , Orchis mascula , Ornithogalum narbonense , Papaver bracteatum , Pedicularis camosa , Plantago lanceolata , P. major , Poa bulbosa , P. pratensis , Polygonum bistorta , Ranunculus kotschyi , Reseda lutea , Rhinanthus angustifolius , Rumex acetosella , R. crispus , Sanguisorba minor , Thalictrum minus , Trifolium pratense , Veronica gentianoides , Vicia cracca .

Associated plants with A. hamatum : not known.

Ctenochira angulata (Thomson, 1883)

Material examined: Rize: Çamlıhemşin Çat , 40°53.230′N, 40°55.746′E, 1054 m, 20.06.2014, 1♂ .

Geographic distribution: Palearctic region.

Habitat: Semiwet, sloping, brushwood area.

Vegetation: Alopecurus myosuroides , Arctium minus , Astragalus viciifolius , Atropa belladonna , Coronilla orientalis , Crepis setosa , Dactylis glomerata , Dactylorhiza urvilleana , Eryngium giganteum , Euphrasia rostkoviana , Geranium purpureum , G. pyrenaicum , Heracleum sphondylium , Hypericum hirsutum , Inula vulgaris , Lapsana communis , Lysimachia vulgaris , Matricaria chamomilla , Melica ciliata , Mentha longifolia , Orchis palustris , Phleum phleoides , Pilosella hoppeana , Prunella vulgaris , Pteridium aquilinum , Ranunculus cappadocicus , R. repens , Rhinanthus angustifolius , Rumex alpinus , Salvia verticillata , Sambucus nigra , Sedum alpestre , Senecio viscosus , Symphytum asperum , Tanacetum macrophyllum , Thalictrum minus , Telekia speciosa , Trifolium pratense , T. repens , Urtica dioica , Verbascum thapsus .

Associated plants with C. angulata : not known.

Polyblastus (Polyblastus) cothurnatus (Gravenhorst, 1829)

Material examined: Rize: Çamlıhemşin, Zilkale , 40°55.322′N, 40°57.477′E, 764 m, 20.06.2014, 2♂♂ .

Geographic distribution: Palearctic region.

Habitat: Semiwet, shrub, sloping area.

Vegetation: Arctium minus , Calystegia silvatica , Daucus carota , Echium vulgare , Erigeron acer , Galium aparine , Geranium purpureum , Heracleum sphondylium , Inula vulgaris , Lapsana communis , Mycelis muralis , Paspalum dilatatum , Phleum phleoides , Plantago major , Prunella vulgaris , Pteridium aquilinum , Ranunculus repens , Rumex alpinus , Salvia verticillata , Tanacetum macrophyllum , Trifolium repens , Urtica dioica .

Associated plants with P. (P.) cothurnatus : not known.

Tryphon (Tryphon) rutilator (Linnaeus, 1761)

Material examined: Erzurum: Pazaryolu, Toprakkale , 40°16′41.47″N, 40°59′56″E, 2246 m, 19.06.2014, 1♀ .

Geographic distribution: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Europe, Georgia, Iran, Siberia, and Turkey.

Habitat: Meadow area.

Vegetation: Alchemilla caucasica , Allium armenum , Anthemis cretica , Centaurea depressa , Cerinthe minor , Euphorbia stricta , Ferula orientalis , Galium incanum , G. verum , Juncus articulatus , Lapsana communis , Orchis mascula , Ornithogalum narbonense , Pedicularis camosa , Poa pratensis , Polygonum bistorta , Ranunculus kotschyi , Rhinanthus angustifolius , Rumex acetosella , Thalictrum minus , Veronica gentianoides .

Associated plants with T. (T.) rutilator : not known.

Tryphon (Tryphon) thomsoni Roman, 1939

Material examined: Giresun: Tirebolu, Balçıkbelen , 40°58.386′N, 38°52.576′E, 71 m, 22.06.2014, 1♂ .

Geographic distribution: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Europe, Georgia, Iran, Tajikistan, Siberia, and Turkey.

Habitat: Hazelnut area.

Vegetation: Anthemis tinctoria , Artemisia vulgaris , Calystegia sepium , Carex echinata , Corylus avellana , Daucus carota , Lapsana communis , Lolium perenne , Medicago sativa , Poa longifolia , Plantago lanceolata , P. major , Pteridium aquilinum , Rubus hirtus , Rumex crispus , Sonchus oleraceus , Tanacetum macrophyllum , Trifolium pratense .

Associated plants with T. (T.) thomsoni : Peucedanum oreoselinum .

3.14. Zoogeographic characterization

The zoogeographical characterization mainly follows the chorotype classification of the Near East fauna proposed by Taglianti et al. (1999). After investigation of the recent geographic distribution of the species listed above, they can be divided into the following groups:

1. Species with multiregional distribution – here belongs Exeristes roborator .

2. Species distributed in two zoogeographical regions (Holarctic/Palearctic and Oriental /Neotropical). Holarctic and Oriental ranges have the following species: Agrypon clandestinum , Meringopus calescens calescens , Syrphoctonus tarsatorius , and Syrphophilus bizonarius ; Palearctic and Oriental ranges have the species Anomalon cruentatum and Pimpla spuria ; Palearctic (Asiatic-European) and Afrotropical ranges have the species Meloboris collector .

3. With Holarctic ranges are the following species: Apophua bipunctoria , Lissonota (Lissonota) folii , L. (Loxonota) histrio , Buathra laborator , Mesostenus albinotatus , Cratichneumon viator , Exochus mitratus , Megastylus (Megastylus) flavopictus , and Gregopimpla inquisitor .

4. Most numerous are the species with Palearctic ranges. Here belong 13 species – Dusona terebrator , Gelis agilis , Glyphicnemis profligator , Schreineria populnea , Xylophrurus lancifer , Diplazon pallicoxa , Woldstedtius biguttatus , Obtusodonta equitatoria , Exochus suborbitalis , Itoplectis maculator , Paraperithous gnathaulax , Ctenochira angulata , and Polyblastus (Polyblastus) cothurnatus .

5. Asiatic European distribution has the species Pristomerus armatus , Meringopus titillator , and Virgichneumon callicerus .

6. Four species have a Sibero-European range: Diadegma combinatum , Cryptus viduatorius , Tryphon (Tryphon) rutilator , and T. (T.) thomsoni .

7. With Central Asiatic-European ranges are the species Barylypa delictor and Lissonota (Lissonota) nitida .

8. Central Asiatic distribution is seen for the species Meringopus calescens persicus .

9. With Turano-Europeo-Mediterranean range are the species Phaenolobus fulvicornis , Dusona stygia , and Ichneumon proletarius .