Macunahyphes eduardoi Almeida & Mariano, 2015

Paula Malaquias Souto & Frederico Falcão Salles, 2016, New species of Macunahyphes Dias, Salles & Molineri (Ephemeroptera: Leptohyphidae), with taxonomic notes, European Journal of Taxonomy 254, pp. 1-15 : 9-10

Macunahyphes eduardoi Almeida & Mariano, 2015

Figs 2 B, 4E

Macunahyphes eduardoi Almeida & Mariano, 2015: 498 .

Diagnosis

According to the original description, the male of M. eduardoi can be distinguished from all congeners by the following combination of characteristics: 1) fore wing translucent, with costal and subcostal area tinged with grey and with longitudinal vein CuP absent; 2) penes opaque yellow, spine elongate with lateral projections.

Material examined

Holotype

BRAZIL: ♁, imago, Bahia, Igrapiúna, Michelin Ecological Reserve, Pacangê River, Pacangê-Sapucaia 2ª Ponte , 13°50′17.1″ S, 39°14′27.7″ W, 101 m, 21 Sep. 2012, A.R. Calor and Equipe LEAq leg.( CZNZ).

Other material

BRAZIL: 1 ♁, imago, Espírito Santo, Nova Venécia, Santa Rita do Pipinuck, Rio Cricaré, 18°39′51.4″ S, 40°30′44.9″ W, 25–26 Jul. 2012, K.B. Angeli leg. ( CZNC Ep-4561); 2 ♁♁, imagines, same data but 18 Apr. 2012 ( CZNC Ep-6431); 4 ♁♁, 3 ♀♀, imagines, Amazonas, Barcelos, Serra do Aracá (Base) , tributary of Igarapé do Cobra, 00°52′13.22″ N, 63°27′13.36″ W, 25–26 Jul. 2009, F.F. Salles, A.P. Santos and N. Ferreira-Jr. leg. ( CZNC Ep-6437); 1 ♁ imago, Jauari River, 00°48′0.28″ N, 63°29′22.92″ W, 26 Jul. 2009, F.F. Salles, A.P. Santos and N. Ferreira-Jr. leg. ( CZNC Ep-6438); 1 ♁, 3 ♀♀, subimagines, Roraima, Caracaraí, Balneário Bem Querer, 01°55′46.3″ N, 61°00′06.9″ W, 13 Mar. 2014, F.F. Salles, R. Boldrini, E. Dominguez leg. ( CZNC Ep-6562).

Description

Female subimago ( Fig. 2 B)

LENGTH (mm). Body: 3.0–4.8; fore wing: 3.2–5.0. General coloration dark brown and yellowish.

HEAD. Brown, washed with black; area between lateral ocelli and posterior margin tinged with black.

THORAX. Pronotum brown, tinged with black, except for submedial stripe and anterolateral corner; mesonotum brown, washed with black; metanotum yellowish, washed with black; membranous filaments of mesoscutellum present and longer than in males.

FORE WING. Membrane white, longitudinal and cross-veins black; vein CuP absent.

ABDOMEN. Translucent (yellow because of the presence of eggs), washed with black; terga II–V forming a V-shaped unpigmented area; caudal filaments broken off.

Egg ( Fig. 4 E)

Yellow. Shape elongate. One polar cap present. Chorion with longitudinal costae formed by plates, each one with a deep emargination.

Remarks

In the description of the male imago of M. eduardoi there is no reference to the presence of membranous filaments of the mesoscutellum; this character is evident from the fresh material studied here. After examining the holotype of M. eduardoi it was possible to observe the presence of a short filament of about ¼ the length of the mesoscutellum. According to the original description, the hook-shaped lateral expansions present in the penis projection are distributed from its base to the middle region, whereas in the material examined by us the expansions are present throughout the penis projection, decreasing in size towards the apex. This is the first record of M. eduardoi from southeastern (state of Espírito Santo) and northern (state of Amazonas) Brazil.

Macunahyphes eduardoi occurs in areas comprising two disjunct biomes, Amazon and Atlantic Forest. Other species of plants and animals also show this distribution pattern, including some aquatic insects, such as Asthenopodes chumuco Molineri, Salles & Peters, 2015 ( Ephemeroptera : Polymitarcyidae ), Macrostemum erichsoni (Banks, 1920) and Smicridea (Ryachophylax) roraimense Albino, Pes & Hamada, 2011 ( Trichoptera : Hydropsychidae ). The presence of disjunct populations of a single taxon in Amazonia and the Atlantic Forest may be evidence of ancient connections between these biomes (see Costa 2003; Santos et al. 2007; Fiaschi & Pirani 2009; Buso Junior et al. 2013).

Distribution ( Fig. 1 )

Brazil (Amazonas, Bahia and Espírito Santo).

Figures

Fig. 1. Geographical distribution of species of Macunahyphes in South America and Brazil (per state).

Fig. 2. Macunahyphes spp., dorsal view. A. M. zagaia sp. nov. (♁). B. M. eduardoi Almeida & Mariano, 2015 (♀). C. M. australis (Banks, 1913) (♁). D. M. araca sp. nov. (♁). Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Fig. 4. SEM micrographs. — A – D. M. araca sp. nov. A. Male genitalia (ventral view). B. Male genitalia (lateral view). C. Egg (general aspect). D. Egg showing the micropylar area. — E. M. eduardoi Almeida & Mariano, 2015, egg (general aspect).