Euophrys nearctica Kaston, 1938

Prószyński, Jerzy, Lissner, Jørgen & Schäfer, Michael, 2018, Taxonomic survey of the genera Euophrys, Pseudeuophrys and Talavera, with description of Euochin gen. n. (Araneae: Salticidae) and with proposals of a new research protocol *, Ecologica Montenegrina 18, pp. 26-74 : 43-44

Euophrys nearctica Kaston, 1938 ( Figs 12E , 32-33 )

Euophrys nearctica Kaston, 1938 c: 187 , pl. 9, f. 25-26 (Df).

Euophrys monadnock Edwards, 1980: 12 (S).

E. nearctica is a valid species, for which Kaston has provided good description (facsimile Fig. 33 ) with good drawings of epigyne and general appearance ( Fig. 12E ), clearly different from that of E. monadnock ( Fig. 12 B-C). The type specimen of E. nearctica , kept in collection of the MCZ-Harvard, was revised by Prószyński and compared with E. monadnock . An attempt to synonymize this species with E. monadnock in 1980 was merely one line opinion (see Peckhamia (1980) 2(1): 12) ( Fig. 32 ) devoid of any documentation, incompetent and erroneous, so it seem strange that it was accepted by the Catalog. It would be interesting to check relationship of E. nearctica with its Palaearctic congeners (note similarity of epigyne in E. pseudogambosa ), but the state of knowledge of relevant species does not permit that. Therefore:

Euophrys monadnock Emerton, 1891 (one of synonyms reinstated) = Euophrys nearctica Kaston, 1938 (compare differences in epigyne - Figs 12 B-C with E, as well as relevant facsimiles Figs 32-33 ).

Euophrys petrensis C. L. Koch, 1837 ( Figs 3 A-E, 4H, 6A, 7E)

Euophrys petrensis C. L. Koch, 1837b: 34 (Df) .

Euophrys petrensis Miller, 1971: 140 , pl. XX, f. 22 (f).

Euophrys petrensis Prószyński, 1976: 151 , f. 118, 137 (mf).

Euophrys petrensis Flanczewska, 1981: 196 , f. 21-24 (f).

Euophrys petrensis Prószyński. In : (eds) Heimer & Nentwig, 1991: 498, f. 1329 (mf).

Euophrys petrensis Logunov, 1992 d: 76 , f. 19-20, 30 (mf).

Euophrys petrensis Logunov, Cutler & Marusik, 1993: 120 , f. 17A-E (mf; N.B.: T here per footnote on p. 119).

Talavera petrensis Żabka & Kupryjanowicz 1997: 170 .

Talavera petrensis Żabka, 1997: 104 , f. 405-410 (mf).

Euophrys petrensis Bellmann, 1997: 236 , f. (f).

Talavera petrensis Logunov & Kronestedt, 2003: 1144 , f. 1, 5, 7, 12, 17-18, 23, 45-46, 143-148 (mf).

Talavera petrensis Lecigne, 2016d: 24 , f. 12D-F (mf).

Remarks. Euophrys petrensis has typical for Euophrys coil of embolus ( Figs 3 B-C, 7E), also typical frontal color pattern in males with high clypeus covered with red scales, red orbital scales around eyes I, black palps with striking brush of white setae across dorsal surface of cymbium, as well as intensively black legs I and II (compare Figs 4E with H, also Figs 6 and 7E ). These differ from Talavera , which is unique among EUOPHRYINES by having embolus not curled into a coil ( Fig. 3I ). Smaller size is not a generic character, tibial apophysis is generally much reduced in Euophrys , difficult to distinguish from setae. Copulatory ducts in published drawings are extremely thin, but on excellent SEM photograph ( Fig. 3E - provided by Logunov & Kronestedt, 2003: 1144, f. 46) they appear much broader, not much different from other Euophrys . Therefore:

Talavera petrensis = Euophrys petrensis C. L. Koch, 1837 (reinstated original combination).

Figures

Figure 3. Cornerstone characters of the group of genera EUOPHRYINES on example of Euophrys petrensis (A-E) and, key characters of European genera (F-W) including their Chinese relative (U-W), and of a genus of uncertain placement (X-Y). A - Euophrys petrensis expanded palp, B-C - same, curled embolus - SEM, D - same, epigyne, ventral view, SEM, E - same, spermathecae and ducts, dorsal view, SEM). Comparison of genitalic characters of genera (F-K, W-X - males, L-V, Y - females), F - Euophrys frontalis, palp, G - Pseudeuophrys erratica, H - Pseudeuophrys obsoleta, I - Talavera minuta,, J - Saitis barbipes (Simon, 1868), K - Chalcoscirtus infimus [?] (Simon, 1868), L-M - Euophrys frontalis, N - Talavera minuta, O - Pseudeuophrys erratica, P - Pseudeuophrys obsoleta, Q-S- Chalcoscirtus infimus[?], T - Saitis barbipes (Simon, 1868), U-W - Chinese relative Euochin atrata gen. n., X-Y - Neon reticulatus (Blackwall, 1853) - possibly belonging to EUODENINES group of genera.

Figure 4. Color pattern diversity in Euophrys and some other European genera. A - Euophrys frontalis male and female in nuptial dance, B - E. frontalis, male frontal and dorsal view (compare with - D - presence of white palpal mane may be misleading), C - E. gambosa, male frontal and dorsal view, D - white palpal mane in Hasarius adansoni is comparable with Euophrys frontalis (see Fig. 4B) [correction of misinformation in Prószyński. (2018a: 17)., E - E. pseudogambosa, F -Pseudeuophrys erratica, male, F1 -Pseudeuophrys vafra, female, G - E. sulfurea, male and female, frontal and dorsal views, H - E. petrensis, I - E. terrestris, J - E. rufibarbis, K - Talavera aequipes, L - Saitis barbipes - (note differences with Euophrys spp.: legs I & II thin, legs III thickened, with strikingly black "bottle-brush" of longer setae, tarsus III white), M - Chalcoscirtus infimus.

Figure 6. Habitus diversity in male Euophrys (part II) (frontal, lateral and dorsal views). A - Euophrys petrensis, B - E. canariensis, C - E. rufibarbis, D - E. nigripalpis, E - E. terrestris.

Figure 7. Comparison of diagnostic value of characters (frontal color pattern, internal structure of epigyne and palps) in nine species of Euophrys. A - Euophrys frontalis, B - E. sulfurea, C - E. herbigrada, D - E. innotata, E - E. petrensis, F - E. rufibarbis, G - E. terrestris, H - E. canariensis, I - Euophrys alticola.

Figure 12. Diversity of diagnostic characters in Euophrys (part II). A - Euophrys acripes, B-C - E. monadnock, D - E. uralensis, E -- E. nearctica, F - E. catherinae, G - E. herbigrada, H-I - E. rufibarbis, J-K - E. terrestris, L - E. kirghizica, M - E. talassica.

Figure 32. Facsimile [darkened] of complete documentation to synonymy of Euophrys monadnock with E. nearctica, dated 1980, accepted by World Spider Catalog (ver. 19.0, accessed on April 26th, 2018) without comments. See diagnostic drawings of both species (Figs 12B-C and E).

Figure 33. Facsimile of description of Euophrys nearctica Kaston, 1938.