Hypanthedon Hampson, 1919

Bartsch, Daniel, 2010, Taxonomic revision of the clearwing moth genus Crinipus Hampson, 1896 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), Zootaxa 2618, pp. 36-46 : 37-38

Hypanthedon Hampson, 1919 new syn.

Type species: Aegeria marisa Druce, 1899: 205 , by monotypy.

Literature: Hampson, 1919: 62; Dalla Torre & Strand, 1925: 59; Gaede, 1929: 522; Naumann, 1971: 18; Fletcher & Nye, 1982: 81; Heppner & Duckworth, 1981: 42; Vari, Kroon & Krüger, 2002: 67; Pühringer & Kallies, 2004: 44.

Redescription. Head rather small; frons smooth, width slightly more than 1.5x the eye diameter; labial palp upturned and reaching base of antenna in male, almost straight in female, first palpomere half as long as second, the latter somewhat longer than third, scales short and ventrally rough; maxillary palp two-segmented, second segment narrow; proboscis present and presumably functional; antenna rather long, clavate, with terminal scale tuft, ciliate in male, unciliate in female. Thorax strong and broad. Abdomen of the male short and strong, spindle-shaped, anal tuft present but very small; abdomen of the female broad, cylindrical, with or without very small anal tuft. Legs strong, with dense scale tufts at mid- and hindtibia and at first hindtarsomere; hindleg exceeding length of abdomen; lateral spur half as long as mesal one on all legs. Wings with well-developed transparent areas and narrow to medium wide discal spot, apical area of forewing almost absent (only C. leucozonipus female with narrow apical area); fringes long; forewing venation ( Fig. 13 ) with veins R1 and R2 approximated but not fused, extending rather closely parallel to R3; R4 and R5 stalked; CuA1 and CuA2 approximated; hindwing with or without very short common stalk of vein M3 and CuA1, area between 4A and inner margin very narrow.

Male genitalia. Tegumen rather broad and very short, distinctly shorter than width of valva. Uncus very large, nearly twice as long as tegumen; bilobed; ventro-lateral edges densely covered with strong, bifurcate and proximally pointing setae. Gnathos absent. Valva triangular and apically with a short dorsad pointing hook; covered with strongly sclerotized, bifurcate setae, except for basal part and ventral margin; crista sacculi short, medially located, elevated and densely covered with strongly sclerotized setae; ventro-distally of it a dense patch of such setae, crista sacculi therefore appearing doubled. Vinculum short, forming short and broad saccus. Juxta largely membranous, only laterally slightly sclerotized. Manica densely covered with minute spines. Phallus with short coecum penis; basal half enlarged, almost membranous except for wellsclerotized ventral side; distal half tubular and sclerotized; vesica proximally with a short, dorsal hook, densely covered with minute spines.

Female genitalia. Segment eight relatively short, ventro-distally with some setae. Papillae anales narrow, apically slightly pointed. Apophyses anteriores somewhat longer than posteriores. Ostium bursae ventromedially with a narrow, distad pointing, finger-like protrusion. Antrum short, funnel-shaped, posteriorly strongly sclerotized, anteriorly membranous and with numerous longitudinal folds. Ductus bursae more than twice as long than antrum, anteriorly enlarged. Corpus bursae oval and without signum.

Generic placement and diagnosis. Crinipus is here placed in Synanthedonini due to some of the typical features of this tribe, i.e., the two-segmented maxillary palp with narrow second segment, the clavate and in male ciliate antenna with terminal scale tuft, the wing venation with short common stalks of forewing veins R4/R5 and hindwing veins M3/CuA1, and the male genitalia with bifurcate setae on valva and uncus. However, some genitalic characters are highly derived in both genders and distinguish Crinipus well from all other genera of the Synanthedonini . These synapomorphies are the following: (1) lack of a gnathos; (2) unique proportions of the short tegumen and of the large uncus; (3) ventro-distally bilobed shape of the latter; (4) long and dense row of setae at the ventral edge of the lobes, replacing the typical scopula androconialis of most other Synanthedonini ; (5) valva with a short, dorsad bent terminal hook and (6) unique doubled crista sacculi. The most conspicuous synapomorphy of the female genitalia is the finger-like protrusion of the ostium bursae.

Some superficial similarities with other Afrotropical Synanthedonini species exist, in particular those that have long tufted hindlegs, e.g., Synanthedon aericincta Meyrick, 1928 , S. cyanospira Meyrick, 1928 , S. dasysceles Bradley, 1968 , S. flavipalpis Hampson, 1910 , S. erythromma Hampson, 1919 and others. However, as illustrated in Bradley (1968), almost all of these species differ in details of the genitalia structures of both sexes and judging from these structures, the current assignment of these species to Synanthedon Hübner, 1819 is incorrect, but a revision of Synanthedon is beyond the scope of this paper.

Genus composition and distribution. As defined above, the genus contains four named species, i.e., the type species Crinipus leucozonipus from the Arabian Peninsula, the closely related C. vassei new comb., C. marisa new comb. and C. pictipes new comb. from southern Africa. Several additional, undescribed species may occur throughout the Afrotropical Region.

Bionomics and habitat. Unknown. A male specimen of C. marisa ex coll. Duke in TMPS is labelled “e.l.” ["ex larva"], but no further information regarding the host or the habitat is given.

Figures

FIGURE 13. Crinipus leucozonipus Hampson, 1896 wing venation.