Philonthus instabilis, Horn, 1884

Herman, Taphylininae Iochini Aorothiini Thiini Latyprosopini Taphylinini Mblyopinina Nisolinina Yptiomina Hilonthina Lee H., 2001, Catalog of the Staphylinidae (Insecta: Coleoptera). 1758 to the End of the Second Millennium. V. Staphylinine Group (Part 2) Staphylininae: Diochini, Maorothiini, Othiini, Platyprosopini, Staphylinini (Amblyopinina, Anisolinina, Hyptiomina, Philonthina), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2001 (265), pp. 2441-3020 : 2441-3020

instabilis Horn, 1884 , see: Bisnius .

— Smetana, 1959: 145 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Smetana, 1959a: 209 ( Philonthus ; Albania).

— Scheerpeltz, 1961d: 127 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Ferreira, 1962: 17 ( Philonthus ; Portugal).

— Scheerpeltz, 1963a: 419 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Greece).

— Palm, 1963b: 64 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sweden; Denmark).

— Lohse, 1964: 175 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).

— Scheerpeltz, 1964a: 299 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Crete).

— Raianu, 1964: 103 ( Philonthus ; Romania).

— Scheerpeltz, 1965b: 401 ( Philonthus ; Sicily).

— Horion, 1965: 123 ( Philonthus ; all southern and central Europe; east Europe in Poland;

Czechoslovakia, Romania, and Balkans; northern Europe in Britain, Denmark and Sweden).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 390 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe; North Africa).

— Raianu, 1968a: 462 ( Philonthus ; Romania).

— Szujecki, 1968a: 727 ( Philonthus ; Poland).

— Bolov, 1969: 514 ( Philonthus ; collecting notes; Russia).

— Bolov, 1969a: 328 ( Philonthus ; collecting notes; Russia).

— Coiffait, 1970e: 62 ( Philonthus ; Cyprus).

— Coiffait, 1974: 220 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe; Britain; Scandinavia; North Africa).

— Pace and Zanetti, 1977: 288 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Pope, 1977: 29 ( Philonthus ; Britain).

— Bordoni and Carfi, 1978 ( Philonthus ; note on peg setae of aedeagus).

— Raichev, 1979: 82 ( Philonthus ; Bulgaria).

— Muona, 1979: 14 ( Philonthus ; Sweden; Denmark; Baltic States).

— Burakowski, Mroczkowski, and Stefańska, 1980: 56 ( Philonthus ; catalog; Poland).

— Hinton, 1981: 661 ( Philonthus ; characters of egg).

— Frank, 1982: 41 ( Philonthus ; list of parasites).

— Bordoni, 1984: 342 ( Philonthus ; Lebanon).

— Tóth, 1984: 44 ( Philonthus ; characters; Hungary).

— Ádám, 1987: 150 ( Philonthus ; collecting notes; Hungary).

— Lucht, 1987: 105 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden).

— Gusarov, 1989: 10 ( Philonthus ; habitat notes; Ukraine).

— Pilon and Zanetti, 1991: 57 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Angelini, 1991: 192 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Silfverberg, 1992: 16 ( Philonthus ; Sweden; Denmark; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania).

— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 28 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— M. Hansen, 1996: 104 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Denmark).

— Telnov, Bersevskis, Savich, Kovalevsky, Berdnikov, Doronin, Cibulskis, and Ratniece, 1997:

37 ( Philonthus ; Latvia).

— Anderson, Nash, and O’Connor, 1997: 18 ( Philonthus ; Ireland).

— Assing and Wunderle, 2001: 37 ( Philonthus ; Cyprus).

— Herman, 2001: 27 ( Philonthus ; nomen protectum).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Europe, Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan,

Turkey, Lebanon, Iraq, Iran. aeratus Stephens, 1832: 228 ( Philonthus ; [Note: This name is older than intermedius ];

Type locality: Suffolk ; London).

— Curtis, 1829: 25 ( Philonthus ; nomen nudum; catalog; Britain).

— Curtis, 1836: pl. 610 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).

— Holme, 1837: 63 ( Philonthus ; Scilly Islands).

— Stephens, 1839: 394 ( Philonthus ; characters; England).

— Hardy, 1851: 25 ( Philonthus ; synonym of chalceus ).

— Gemminger and Harold, 1868: 589 ( Philonthus ; synonym of intermedius ).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 443 ( Philonthus ; synonym of intermedius ). — Smetana, 1958: 156 ( Philonthus ; synonym of intermedius ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 220 ( Philonthus ; synonym of intermedius ).

— Herman, 2001: 27 ( Philonthus ; nomen oblitum).

donisthorpei Dollmann, 1910: 295 ( Philonthus ; variety of intermedius ; Type locality: Ditchling, Sussex).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 342 ( Philonthus ; variety of intermedius ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1347 ( Philonthus ; variety of intermedius ).

— Smetana, 1959: 145 ( Philonthus ; aberration of intermedius ; characters).

— Smetana, 1958: 156 ( Philonthus ; variety of intermedius ).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 390 ( Philonthus ; aberration of intermedius ; characters).

— Szujecki, 1968a: 727 ( Philonthus ; variety of intermedius ; Poland).

— Coiffait, 1974: 220 ( Philonthus ; variety of intermedius ).

— Pope, 1977: 29 ( Philonthus ; synonym of intermedius ).

greipeli W. Kolbe, 1931: 11 ( Philonthus ; aberration of intermedius ; [Note: Nomen nudum (Articles 1.3.4, 45.5)]; cited from Altvatergeb.).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1346 ( Philonthus ; aberration of intermedius ).

— Smetana, 1958: 156 ( Philonthus ; variety of intermedius ).

— Smetana, 1959: 145 ( Philonthus ; aberration of intermedius ; characters).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 390 ( Philonthus ; aberration of intermedius ; characters).

— Coiffait, 1974: 220 ( Philonthus ; variety of intermedius ).

intermedius Ragusa, 1891 , see: alcyoneus Erichson, 1840 .

intermistus Last, 1968: 354 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: New Guinea: Okapa).

— Last 1981: 120 ( Philonthus ; New Guinea).

— Last, 1987: 31 ( Philonthus ; Papua New Guinea).

- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.

interocularis Bernhauer, 1915d: 143 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Abessinien: Boroda ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1347 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Ethiopia.

interpositus Bernhauer, 1915 h: 228 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Java: Preanger ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1347 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Cameron, 1937: 5 ( Philonthus ; Java).

- DISTRIBUTION: Indonesia.

interpunctatus Hochhuth, 1860 , see: Bisnius .

intrudens Tottenham, 1949 , see: Bisnius .

invelatus † Scudder, 1900: 55 ( Philonthus ; fossil; Type locality: Florissant , Colorado) .

— Handlirsch, 1907: 726 ( Philonthus ; catalog; Miocene; Colorado).

- DISTRIBUTION: USA.

inversus Horn, 1884 , see: Bisnius .

iopterus Erichson, 1840: 928 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Bogotae, Columbia).

— Fauvel, 1891: 114 ( Philonthus ; Venezuela).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 342 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Colombia, Venezuela.

irakoiranicus Scheerpeltz, 1961: 27 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Iran: Khuzistan, Shush, [Susa]). — Coiffait, 1974: 210 ( Philonthus ; characters; Mesopotamia).

- DISTRIBUTION: Iran, Iraq.

bagdadensis Coiffait, 1967a: 441 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Type locality: Bagdad). — Coiffait, 1974: 210 ( Philonthus ; synonym of irakoiranicus ).

iranicus Scheerpeltz, 1961 , see: biskrensis Fagel, 1957 .

iridescens Tottenham, 1949b: 326 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Zululand: Eshowe).

— Tottenham, 1955: 173 ( Philonthus ; characters).

iridicollis Bernhauer, 1932b: 152 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kiambi; Mulongo, Niunzu).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1347 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

iridiventris Solsky, 1868 , see: piceatus Nordmann, 1837 .

irinae Ryvkin, 1987: 128 [= 1987a: 98] ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Type locality:

Khr. Zhamar-Doban, r. Solzan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Russia.

irinus Horn, 1884: 186 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Columbus, Texas; [Note: See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 342 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Smetana, 1995e: 163 ( Philonthus ; lectotype designation: Columbus , Texas; characters; Texas). - DISTRIBUTION: USA .

iris Sharp, 1885: 401 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Mexico; Cuernavaca , Capulalpam).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 342 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Mexico.

irregularis Mannerheim, 1830 , see: concinnus Gravenhorst, 1802 .

irritans Tottenham, 1953a: 139 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Rhodesia: Mashonaland, Salisbury ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Zimbabwe.

ischnocerus Cameron, 1935a: 374 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Nizi: Blukwa).

— Tottenham, 1962: 230 ( Philonthus ; characters).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

islamicus Tronquet, 1981: 79 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Afghanistan: massif du Kakrak,

2600 m, Koh-I-Baba).

- DISTRIBUTION: Afghanistan.

isthmius E. Kangas, 1979 , see: confinis Stand, 1941 .

iteratus Sharp, 1887: 788 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Mexico, Villa Lerdo in Durango).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 342 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Mexico.

jacksoni Cameron, 1951 , see: Gabrius .

jacobsoni Cameron, 1933d: 388 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Sumatra: Gunung Singgalang ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Indonesia.

jalapensis Bernhauer, 1910b: 382 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Mexiko: Jalapa ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 341 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Mexico.

janthinipennis Kolenati, 1846 , see: atratus Gravenhorst, 1802 .

janus Smetana, 1995e: 324 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Quebec: Parc Gatineau , Lac Bourgeois. Also cited from Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA.

japonicus Sharp, 1874: 40 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Japan; [ Note : See lectotype designation by Schillhammer, 2000]. Originally cited from Simabara).

— Matsumura, 1911: 114 ( Philonthus ; Japan).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 341 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1345 ( Philonthus ; catalog; East Siberia ).

— Aleksandrov, 1934: 153 ( Philonthus ; China).

— Nakane and Sawada, 1960: A123 ( Philonthus ; Yakushima Island).

— Nakane, 1963a: 90 ( Philonthus ; characters; habitus photograph; Japan).

— Watanabe and Shibata, 1965: 321 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Japan).

— Watanabe and Shibata, 1972: 63 ( Philonthus ; Yaku-shima Island).

jonenensis Sawada, 1965: 12 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Type locality: Japan:

Pref. Nagano: Mt. Jônen).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan.

jucundus Cameron, 1937a: 103 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: New Guinea: Kokoda,

alt. 1200 ft.).

— Last, 1968: 358 ( Philonthus ; New Guinea).

- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.

jujuyensis Bernhauer, 1921c: 107 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Argentinien: Jujuy, Cueva Iturbe ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1347 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Argentina.

junius Last, 1981: 118 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Blackwater River, Sepik).

- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.

jureceki Boháč and Hromádka, 1977 , see: jurecekianus Boháč and Hromádka, 1980 .

jureceki Rambousek, 1913 , see: nimbicola Fauvel, 1874 .

jurecekianus Boháč and Hromádka, 1980: 430 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for jureceki Boháč and Hromádka ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Bulgaria.

jureceki Boháč and Hromádka, 1977: 283 ( Philonthus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Bulgaria: Knazevo , nr. Sofia).

— Boháč and Hromádka, 1980: 430 ( Philonthus ; synonym of jurecekianus ).

jurgans Tottenham, 1937: 176 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: England: Kennington ; Wicken Fen ; Bow St. ; Castle Eden ; Newick ; Arundel ; Leds ; East Ardsley ; Skipwith Common ; Thorpe Bay ; Richmond ; Rudyard; Wixford; Timperley. Also from Germany, Switzerland, and Austria).

— Wüsthoff, 1934: 61 ( Philonthus ; aberration of varians ; [Note: Cited as unicolor , a misidentification of jurgans according to Smetana, 1995e: 241]; illustration of aedeagus).

— V. Hansen, 1952: 71 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).

— Palm, 1952: 121 ( Philonthus ; characters; notes).

— Smetana, 1958: 197 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).

— Smetana, 1959: 157, 160 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Smetana, 1960b: 259 ( Philonthus ; Czechoslovakia).

— Palm, 1963b: 88 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sweden; Denmark).

— Lohse, 1964: 184 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).

— Focarile, 1964: 59 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Scheerpeltz, 1965b: 402 ( Philonthus ; Sicily).

— Horion, 1965: 160 ( Philonthus ; Britain; Denmark; Sweden; France; Switzerland; Italy; Albania; Czech Republic; Germany; Austria).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 419 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Raianu, 1968: 117 ( Philonthus ; characters; ecological notes; Romania).

— Szujecki, 1969a: 256 ( Philonthus ; notes; Poland).

— Coiffait, 1974: 246 ( Philonthus ; characters; England; Europe; Belgium; Italy; France).

— Pace and Zanetti, 1977: 296 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Pope, 1977: 29 ( Philonthus ; Britain).

— Frank, 1982: 41 ( Philonthus ; list of parasites).

— Tóth, 1984: 71 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Drugmand, 1987: 275 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Lucht, 1987: 105 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden).

— Pilon and Zanetti, 1991: 64 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 28 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

Newfoundland; Ontario; Quebec; California; Idaho; Illinois; Maine; Massachusetts; Michigan; New Hampshire; New York; Oregon; Pennsylvania; Vermont; Washington).

— Hodge and Jones, 1995: 39 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).

- DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Canada, USA.

pinguis Tottenham, 1949c: 41 ( Philonthus ; variety of jurgans ; Type locality: Christchurch, Hants.).

— Smetana, 1958: 197 ( Philonthus ; synonym of jurgans ).

— Smetana, 1959: 157 ( Philonthus ; aberration of jurganus; characters).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 419 ( Philonthus ; aberration of jurgans ; characters).

— Coiffait, 1974: 246 ( Philonthus ; variety of jurgans ).

— Pope, 1977: 29 ( Philonthus ; synonym of jurgans ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 241 ( Philonthus ; synonym of jurgans ).

justus Last, 1968 , see: Hesperus .

juvenilis Peyron, 1858: 426 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Cilicie, near Tarsous).

— Baudi, 1870: 386 ( Philonthus ; characters; Cyprus).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 342 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1347 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Gridelli, 1943: 130 ( Philonthus ; characters; Bosnia; Dalmatia; Albania; Asia Minor).

— Smetana, 1953: 119 ( Philonthus ; Turkey).

— Jarrige, 1951a: 7 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Coiffait, 1974: 97 ( Paragabrius ; subgenus Metagabrius ; characters; Caucasus; Asia Minor; Corfu; Balkans; Hungary).

— Tóth, 1984: 76 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Lohse and Lucht, 1989: 168 ( Philonthus ; characters).

- DISTRIBUTION: Romania, Hungary, Greece, Bosnia Hercegovina, Croatia, Albania, Greece, Cyprus, Turkey, Caucasus.

tibialis Eppelsheim, 1876: 431 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Nauplia , Griechenland).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 342 ( Philonthus ; synonym of juvenilis ).

— Gridelli, 1943: 130 ( Philonthus ; synonym of juvenilis ).

ganglbaueri Bernhauer, 1898: 341 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Herkulesbad).

— Bernhauer, 1900: 46 ( Philonthus ; notes).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 342 ( Philonthus ; synonym of juvenilis ).

— Gridelli, 1943: 130 ( Philonthus ; synonym of juvenilis ).

thaseus Coiffait, 1976b: 89 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Ile de Thasos, Teològus).

— Schillhammer, 1992: 66 ( Philonthus ; synonym of juvenilis ).

kabardensis Bolov and Kryzhanovskij, 1969 , see: spinipes Sharp, 1874 .

kainpitensis Last, 1989: 881 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Papua New Guinea: Morobe, Kainpit ).

— Schillhammer, 1997: 74 ( Philonthus ).

- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.

kamatembeanus Cameron, 1950 g: 38 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; Type locality:

Belgian Congo: forest near mont Kamatembe, alt. 2200 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

kamerunensis Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 342 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for biguttulus Bernhauer ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Cameroon.

biguttulus Bernhauer, 1908: 109 ( Philonthus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Kamerun).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 342 ( Philonthus ; synonym of kamerunensis ).

kamerunensis Bernhauer, 1915 , see: adversarius Bernhauer, 1917 .

kamimurai Sawada, 1965: 15 ( Paragabrius ; Type locality: Japan: Pref. Nagano: Mt. Jônen ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 51 ( Philonthus ; transferred from Paragabrius by reason of Smetana’s synonymy of Paragabrius and Philonthus ).

kanalensis Fauvel, 1889b: 264 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kanala).

— Fauvel, 1903d: 270 ( Philonthus ; New Caledonia).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 343 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: New Caledonia.

kapanganus Bernhauer, 1936 , see: duodecimpunctatus Bernhauer, 1932 .

karimuensis Last, 1968: 371 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: New Guinea: Karimu).

— Last, 1987: 31 ( Philonthus ; Papua New Guinea).

- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.

kasaiensis Bernhauer, 1928 g: 109 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Belgisch-Kongo: Kasai: Nyombe ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1347 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Bernhauer, 1940: 136 ( Philonthus ; Uganda).

— Tottenham, 1955: 160 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Spatulonthus ; characters; notes; Uganda).

— Levasseur, 1971: 299 ( Spatulonthus ; Dahomey; Ivory Coast; Sierra Leone).

- DISTRIBUTION: Uganda, Congo, Benin, Ivory Coast, Sierra Leone.

kashituensis Tottenham, 1949b: 324 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: N.W. Rhodesia: Kashitu ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Zambia.

kashmiranus Bernhauer, 1915b: 52 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: West-Himalaya: Kashmir, Kishtewer Panjal).

— Cameron, 1932: 126 ( Philonthus ; characters; Kashmir).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1347 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: India.

kashmiricus Cameron, 1932: 94 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kashmir: Sindh Valley, Haran Plantation ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1347 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Coiffait, 1982: 30 ( Philonthus ; Nepal).

- DISTRIBUTION: India, Nepal.

kaszabi Smetana, 1967d: 204 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Type locality: Mongolei: Central aimak, Ulan-Baator, Nucht im Bogdo ul, 1600 m).

— Smetana 1975c: 171 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).

— Shilov, 1976: 150 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).

— Smetana, 1995e: 229 ( Philonthus ; characters; notes; British Columbia; Manitoba; Northwest Territories; Yukon Territory; Alaska; Arizona; California; Colorado; New Mexico; Oregon; Washington).

- DISTRIBUTION: Mongolia, Canada, USA.

katangaensis Levasseur, 1967b: 1625 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Raucalius ; Type locality: Kolwezi, Katanga).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

katompeanus Bernhauer, 1932 , see: densecaudatus Bernhauer, 1928 .

katonae Bernhauer, 1915 , see: Gabrius .

kempi Cameron, 1924a: 118 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Garo Hills, Assam, Siju Cave ).

— Cameron, 1932: 89 ( Philonthus ; characters; India).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1347 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Jeannel and Jarrige, 1949: 372 ( Philonthus ; cave species; Assam).

— Scheerpeltz, 1965: 106 ( Philonthus ; Burma).

— Coiffait, 1981e: 349 ( Philonthus ; Baltistan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Myanmar, India, Pakistan.

kenyanus Bernhauer, 1939a: 86 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kenya: Lokitang, Turkana Nord , 750 m).

— Coiffait, 1968a: 136 ( Philonthus ; cited as keniacus; Chad).

- DISTRIBUTION: Kenya, Chad.

kerinciensis Schillhammer, 1998: 110 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Sumatra: Jambi,

Mt. Kerinci, 1900 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Indonesia.

kessleri Blatchley, 1936 , see: Gabrius .

khnzoriani Coiffait, 1967 , see: kiautschauensis Bernhauer, 1915 .

khouzestanicus Boháč, 1981: 356 ( Philonthus ; cited as knouzestanicus; Type locality:

SE Iran, Tis.).

— Herman, 2001: 12 ( Philonthus ; spelling corrected).

- DISTRIBUTION: Iran.

kiangsiensis Bernhauer, 1933: 30 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kiang-Si: Chang-Tsin-cheng, Südostchina).

- DISTRIBUTION: China.

kiautschauensis Bernhauer, 1916e: 30 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kiautschau).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1347 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Schillhammer, 1999a: 61 ( Philonthus ).

- DISTRIBUTION: China, Russia.

altaicus Bernhauer, 1923a: 124 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Semenowsk im Altai).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1332 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Schillhammer, 1999a: 61 ( Philonthus ; synonym of kiautschauensis ).

khnzoriani Coiffait, 1967d: 352 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Type locality:

Lac de Teletsk, Altai).

— Coiffait, 1974a: 198 ( Philonthus ; Siberia ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 276 ( Philonthus ; characters; central and east Asia).

— Schillhammer, 1999a: 61 ( Philonthus ; synonym of kiautschauensis ).

septempunctatus Tikhomirova, 1973: 169 ( Philonthus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Suputinskii zapovednik).

— Coiffait, 1974a: 198 ( Philonthus ; synonym of khnzoriani ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 276 ( Philonthus ; synonym of khnzoriani ).

gastoni Tikhomirova, 1973a: 184 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for septempunctatus Tikhomirova ).

kigenius Tottenham, 1962: 200 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Cape Colony : Simon’s Town). - DISTRIBUTION: South Africa.

kisirensis Coiffait, 1966c: 509 ( Paragabrius ; Type locality: Turquie d’Asie, Kisir Dag , 2600 m, villayet de Kars).

— Coiffait, 1974: 92 ( Paragabrius ; characters; Turkey).

— Smetana, 1995e: 51 ( Philonthus ; transferred from Paragabrius by reason of Smetana’s synonymy of Paragabrius and Philonthus ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Turkey.

kiulungensis Bernhauer, 1933 , see: emdeni Bernhauer, 1931 .

kivuensis Bernhauer, 1934 g: 238 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kivu: Kibumba ).

— Bernhauer and Chapman, 1939: 72 ( Philonthus ; Kenya).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

kiyoyamai Hayashi, 1993: 80 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Taiwan: Pinglin, Taipei Hsien ). - DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan.

klimschi Bernhauer, 1916c: 38 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Brasilien: S. Catharina).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1347 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Brazil.

klugi Bordoni, 1984 , see: sanamus Tottenham, 1955 .

kneri † Giebel, 1856: 72 ( Philonthus ; Fossil; Type locality: Aix, Provence).

kobensis Sharp, 1874: 46 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kobé).

— Duvivier, 1883: 146 ( Philonthus ; cited as kobeensis; [Note: Misspelling; Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 343 cited kobeensis Duvivier as a synonym of kobensis Sharp ; Duvivier did not propose an emendation or replacement name, he misspelled kobensis ]; catalog).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 343 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1347 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Nakane, 1963a: 91 ( Philonthus ; characters; habitus photograph; Japan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan.

kochianus Bernhauer, 1940b: 635 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Cephalonthus ; Type locality:

Atlas, Asni).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 411 ( Philonthus ; characters; Morocco).

— Coiffait, 1974: 289 ( Philonthus ; characters; Morocco).

- DISTRIBUTION: Morocco.

kokodanus Cameron, 1937 , see: Hesperus .

kotgarhensis Cameron, 1932: 109 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Simla Hills: Kotgarh,

alt. 7000 feet. Dehra Dun).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1347 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: India.

kraatzi Bernhauer, 1908c: 110 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kamerun).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 343 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Tottenham, 1949b: 347 ( Philonthus ; characters).

- DISTRIBUTION: Cameroon.

krali Hromádka, 1987a: 147 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: USSR: Uzbekistan: Aktas , 1100–1200, Taskent env.).

- DISTRIBUTION: Uzbekistan.

kralianus Hromádka, 1987, see: liopterus Sharp, 1889 .

kremeni Lecoq, 1997: 284 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Madagascar Est, parc de Ranomafana, 800 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Madagascar.

kristenseni Bernhauer, 1915d: 138 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Abessinien: Boroda, Kunhe). — Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1347 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Tottenham, 1949b: 308 ( Philonthus ; notes).

— Tottenham, 1962: 161, 165 ( Philonthus ; characters).

- DISTRIBUTION: Ethiopia.

kristenseni Bernhauer, 1931 , see: incognitus Bernhauer, 1931 .

kristensenianus Scheerpeltz, 1933 , see: incognitus Bernhauer, 1931 .

kryzhanovskii Tikhomirova, 1973 , see: liopterus Sharp, 1889 .

kuanshanensis Bernhauer, 1914 , see: Gabrius .

kuliabensis Bernhauer, 1915 , see: Gabrius .

kuluensis Schubert, 1908 , see: erythropus Kraatz, 1859 .

labastiei Levasseur, 1980: 358 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: République Centrafricaine: Bangonran , SW de Ndélé).

- DISTRIBUTION: Central African Republic.

labdanus Tottenham, 1955: 164 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Spatulonthus ; Type locality: Angola). - DISTRIBUTION: Angola.

labilis Erichson, 1840: 500 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Guyana Venezuelensis ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 343 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Venezuela.

lacustrinus Scheerpeltz, 1933 , see: Rabigus .

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1347 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Wüsthoff, 1934: 60 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus).

— Smetana, 1958: 158 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).

— Smetana, 1959: 145 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Coiffait, 1960: 363, 365 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Kenonthus ; characters; Alps; Carpathians; Massif Central).

— Lohse, 1964: 176 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).

— Raianu, 1964: 103 ( Philonthus ; Romania).

— Horion, 1965: 124 ( Philonthus ; Germany; France; Switzerland; Austria; Italy; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Romania; Poland).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 435 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Kenonthus ; characters; mountains of central Europe).

— Raianu, 1968a: 462 ( Philonthus ; Romania).

— Szujecki, 1969a: 255 ( Philonthus ; notes; Poland).

— Coiffait, 1974: 299 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Kenonthus ; characters; Europe).

— Tóth, 1984: 46 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Lucht, 1987: 104 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France).

— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Kenonthus ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 28 ( Philonthus ; Italy?).

- DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Russia.

adscitus Märkel and Kiesenwetter, 1848a: 322 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kärnthner Alpen).

— Fairmaire and Laboulbène, 1856: 514 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 571 ( Philonthus ; synonym of laevicollis ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 343 ( Philonthus ; synonym of laevicollis ).

— Smetana, 1958: 158 ( Philonthus ; synonym of laevicollis ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 299 ( Philonthus ; synonym of laevicollis ).

laevis Cameron, 1942a: 136 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Borneo: Martapura).

- DISTRIBUTION: Borneo.

laeviventris Schubert, 1909: 291 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: südöstliches Mexico, Gegend von Jalapa, nördlich vom Pic d’Orizaba).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 343 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Mexico.

laminatus Creutzer, 1799: 128 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: Neuwaldegg).

— Panzer, 1799e: 20 ( Staphylinus ; characters; illustrations).

— Gravenhorst, 1802: 16 ( Staphylinus ; characters).

— Marsham, 1802: 504 ( Staphylinus ; [Note: Misidentification: Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 343 cited politus Marsham as a synonym of laminatus ; Marsham did not describe the species as new, he attributed it to Linné]; characters; Britain).

— Latreille, 1804: 307 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Sweden; Germany; France).

— Gravenhorst, 1806: 86 ( Staphylinus ; characters; France; Prussia).

— Gyllenhal, 1810: 298 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Sweden).

— Zetterstedt, 1828: 70 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Lapland).

— Curtis, 1829: 25 ( Philonthus ; catalog; Britain).

— C. Sahlberg, 1830: 313 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Finland).

— Mannerheim, 1830: 25 ( Staphylinus ; Finland; Sweden).

— Mannerheim, 1831: 439 ( Staphylinus ; Finland; Sweden).

— Stephens, 1832: 226 ( Philonthus ; characters; England).

— Curtis, 1836: pl. 610 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).

— Runde, 1835: 5 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Germany).

— Lacordaire, 1835: 389 ( Staphylinus ; characters; France).

— Zetterstedt, 1838: 60 ( Staphylinus ; characters; habitat; Lapland).

— Erichson, 1839a: 446 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Heer, 1839: 257 ( Philonthus ; characters; Switzerland).

— Erichson, 1840: 430 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe).

— Laporte, 1840: 177 ( Staphylinus ; characters; France; Germany).

— Kolenati, 1846: 19 ( Philonthus ; Transcaucasia).

— Jacobsen, 1849: 686 ( Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).

— Hochhuth, 1849: 132 ( Philonthus ; characters; Tiflis; Helenendorf).

— Redtenbacher, 1849: 700 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).

— Kiesenwetter, 1851a: 414 ( Philonthus ; France).

— Küster, 1853a: 44 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe).

— Hardy, 1851: 25 ( Philonthus ; notes; England).

— Rosenhauer, 1856: 70 ( Philonthus ; Cadiz).

— Fairmaire and Laboulbène, 1856: 514 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 570 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Redtenbacher, 1857: 189 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).

— Thomson, 1860: 155 ( Philonthus ; characters; Scandinavia).

— Fauvel, 1865a: 295 [= 1865b: 45] ( Philonthus ; habitat; France).

— Fauvel, 1874: 229 [= 1874a: 455] ( Philonthus ; characters; France; Turkey; Caucasus; Transcaucasia).

— Redtenbacher, 1874: 208 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).

— Seidlitz, 1875: 272 ( Philonthus ; characters; Baltic region).

— Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 353 [= 1877: 209] ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— J. Sahlberg, 1876: 13 ( Philonthus ; Finland).

— Fowler, 1888: 260 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 443 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe; Mediterranean region).

— Xambeu, 1901: 49 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).

— Poppius, 1905: 9 ( Philonthus ; Orkney Islands).

— Reitter, 1909: 125 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 343 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Johansen, 1914: 393 ( Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).

— Portevin, 1929: 357 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1348 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Wüsthoff, 1934: 60 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus).

— Paulian, 1941: 227 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).

— Tottenham, 1949: 417 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Britain).

— V. Hansen, 1952: 49 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).

— Smetana, 1953: 117 ( Philonthus ; Turkey).

— Smetana, 1958: 157 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).

— Smetana, 1959: 145 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Scheerpeltz, 1961d: 127 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Raianu, 1963: 82 ( Philonthus ; Romania).

— Palm, 1963b: 65 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sweden; Denmark; Norway; Finland).

— Lohse, 1964: 175 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe).

— Smetana, 1964d: 74 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Czechoslovakia).

— Horion, 1965: 124 ( Philonthus ; most of Europe).

— Pototskaia, 1966: 156 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 389 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe; Caucasus; Asia Minor).

— Pototskaia, 1967: 57 ( Philonthus ; larval characters).

— Szujecki, 1968a: 727 ( Philonthus ; Poland).

— Scheerpeltz, 1968a: 71 ( Philonthus ; catalog; Austria).

— Jarrige, 1971: 494 ( Philonthus ; Iran).

— Coiffait, 1974: 221 ( Philonthus ; characters; Europe; Britain; Scandinavia; Turkey; Caucasus; Transcaucasus).

— Shilov, 1975a: 375 [= 1975b: 97] ( Philonthus ; Komi region of Russia).

— Coiffait, 1976b: 81 ( Philonthus ; Greece).

— Pace and Zanetti, 1977: 289 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Pope, 1977: 29 ( Philonthus ; Britain).

— Muona, 1979: 14 ( Philonthus ; Finland; Russia; Sweden; Norway; Denmark; Baltic States).

— Burakowski, Mroczkowski, and Stefańska, 1980: 57 ( Philonthus ; catalog; Poland).

— Waterston, Owen, Welch, Bacchus and Hammond, 1981: 274 ( Philonthus ; Outer Hebrides).

— Tóth, 1984: 43 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Muona and Viramo, 1986: 13 ( Philonthus ; Finland).

— Ádám, 1987: 150 ( Philonthus ; collecting notes; Hungary).

— Lucht, 1987: 105 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden).

— Pilon and Zanetti, 1991: 56 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Silfverberg, 1992: 16 ( Philonthus ; Finland; Russia; Sweden; Norway; Denmark; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania).

— Welch, 1993: 228 ( Philonthus ; ovariole number and ovary structure).

— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 28 ( Philonthus ; Italy).

— Franzen, 1996: 206 ( Philonthus ; collecting notes; Germany).

— Tagliapietra and Zanetti, 1996: 129 ( Philonthus ; ecological notes; Italy).

— M. Hansen, 1996: 104 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Denmark).

— Smoleński, 1997: 79 ( Philonthus ; collecting notes; Poland).

— T. Wagner, 1997: 234 ( Philonthus ; collecting notes; Germany).

— Wenzel, 1997: 346 ( Philonthus ; collecting notes; Germany).

— Telnov, Bersevskis, Savich, Kovalevsky, Berdnikov, Doronin, Cibulskis, and Ratniece, 1997: 37 ( Philonthus ; Latvia).

— Anderson, Nash, and O’Connor, 1997: 18 ( Philonthus ; Ireland).

— Herman, 2001: 27 ( Philonthus ; nomen protectum).

- DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Russia, Georgia, Turkey, Iran.

aeneus De Geer, 1774: 23 ( Staphylinus ; [Note: This name is older than laminatus ]; Type locality: Not cited).

— O. Müller, 1776: 98 ( Staphylinus ; characters).

— Fourcroy, 1785: 168 ( Staphylinus ; characters; France).

— Villers, 1789: 422, 423 ( Staphylinus ; characters; France).

— Gmelin, 1790: 2034 ( Staphylinus ; characters).

— Olivier, 1795:(42): 25 ( Staphylinus ; synonym of politus Linné ).

— Turton, 1802: 518 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Europe).

— Gravenhorst, 1802: 17 ( Staphylinus ; synonym of laminatus Creutzer ).

— Marsham, 1802: 511 ( Staphylinus ; [Note: This name is cited by Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 343 as, synonym of laminatus Creutzer with Marsham as the author but Marsham attributed the species to De Geer]; characters; Britain).

— Gyllenhal, 1810: 298 ( Staphylinus ; synonym of laminatus Creutzer ).

— Stephens, 1832: 227 ( Philonthus ; characters; England).

— Curtis, 1829: 25 ( Philonthus ; catalog; Britain).

— Erichson, 1839a: 449 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Stephens, 1839: 394 ( Philonthus ; variety of laminatus ; characters; England).

— Jacobsen, 1849: 687 ( Philonthus ; characters; Denmark).

— Gemminger and Harold, 1868: 589 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Marsham, 1802, cited as author but Marsham attributed the species to De Geer]; synonym of laminatus ).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 443 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Marsham, 1802, cited as author but Marsham attributed the species to De Geer]; synonym of laminatus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 343 ( Philonthus ; synonym of laminatus ).

— Smetana, 1958: 157 ( Philonthus ; synonym of laminatus ).

— Herman, 2001: 27 ( Philonthus ; nomen oblitum).

matutinalis Faldermann, 1835: 124 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: [area] Persico-Armeniaca).

— Gemminger and Harold, 1868: 589 ( Philonthus ; synonym of laminatus ).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 443 ( Philonthus ; synonym of laminatus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 343 ( Philonthus ; synonym of laminatus ).

— Smetana, 1967d: 203 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).

— Coiffait, 1974: 267 ( Philonthus ; characters; Siberia ; Mongolia).

— Smetana 1975c: 170 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).

— Shilov, 1976: 149 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia).

— Ryabukhin, 1999: 64 ( Philonthus ; catalog; habitat; distribution; northeastern Russia).

— Schillhammer, 2000: 154 ( Philonthus ; characters; Russia; Mongolia; China).

- DISTRIBUTION: Russia, Mongolia, China.

immutatus Motschulsky, 1860: 569 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Mongolie près de Kiahta) .

— Hochhuth, 1862: 54 ( Philonthus ; characters; Siberia ; Kiachta).

— Fauvel, 1875a: XXXI [= 1875b: 233] ( Philonthus ; synonym of latiusculus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 343 ( Philonthus ; synonym of latiusculus ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 267 ( Philonthus ; synonym of latiusculus ).

— Schillhammer, 2000: 154 ( Philonthus ; synonym of latiusculus ).

lativentris Motschulsky, 1858 , see: delicatulus Boheman, 1858 .

lautus Casey, 1915 , see: Bisnius .

laxatus Fauvel, 1875a : XXXI [= 1875b: 233] ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Caucase).

— Hochhuth, 1862: 55 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Misidentification: Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 343 cited lucens Hochhuth as a synonym of laxatus ; Hochhuth neither described the species as new nor provided characters for it, he attributed it to Mannerheim]; Armenia).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 343 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1348 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Gridelli, 1943: 129 ( Philonthus ; characters; Caucasus).

— Smetana, 1963d: 405 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Onychophilonthus ; characters; Caucasus).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 437 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Onychophilonthus ; characters; Caucasus).

— Korge, 1971a: 7 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Onychophilonthus ; Turkey).

— Coiffait, 1974: 306 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Onychophilonthus ; characters; Russia; Caucasus; Transcaucasus).

— Solodovnikov, 1998a: 15 ( Philonthus ; notes; Russia, Krasnodar territory).

- DISTRIBUTION: Russia, Caucasus, Armenia, Turkey.

laxellus Casey, 1915 , see: Rabigus .

leai Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1348 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for pauper Lea ).

- DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.

pauper Lea, 1931: 371 ( Philonthus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Papua:

Mount Lamington).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1348 ( Philonthus ; synonym of leai ).

lebedevi Bernhauer, 1910 , see: Gabrius .

lebkanus Fauvel, 1907: 39 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Nairobi ; Kilimandjaro ; riviere Himo ; Abyssinie: Lebka; Bogos, 1500 m).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 343 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Tottenham, 1962: 161 ( Philonthus ; characters).

- DISTRIBUTION: Kenya, Ethiopia.

lecontei Horn, 1884: 222 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: California; [Note: See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]. Also cited from Colorado).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 344 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Hatch, 1957: 181 ( Philonthus ; characters; British Columbia; Washington).

— Smetana, 1995e: 467 ( Philonthus ; lectotype designation: Cal [California]; characters; notes; British Columbia; Arizona; California; Colorado; Nevada; New Mexico; Oregon; Utah; Washington) .

- DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA.

lederi Eppelsheim, 1893: 49 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Ost-Sibirien, in der Nähe von Irkutsk, von Tunka bis Munku-Sardik im Sajan’schen Gebirge ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 344 ( Philonthus ; catalog). — Jansson, 1943 ( Philonthus ; characters; Finland). — Nakane, 1963: A239 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Nakane stated some doubt about identification of these specimens]; Japan). — Smetana, 1963d: 408 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Onychophilonthus ; characters; Siberia ; Mongolia; Kamtschatka). — Palm, 1963b: 86 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sweden). — Coiffait, 1967a: 437 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Onychophilonthus ; characters; Scandinavia; Asia). — Coiffait, 1974: 307 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Onychophilonthus ; characters; Mongolia; Baikal region). — Shibata, 1974: 34 ( Philonthus ; Japan). — Shilov, 1976: 153 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia). — Siitonen, 1993: 227 ( Philonthus ; notes; Finland). — J. Li, 1993: 37 ( Philonthus ; China). - DISTRIBUTION: Finland, Russia, Mongolia, China, Japan.

ledouxi Coiffait, 1979 , see: variipennis Kraatz, 1859 .

leechensis Hatch, 1957: 190 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: British Columbia: Aspen Grove. Also cited from Washington). — Smetana, 1965: 21 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Labrador; Newfoundland). — Smetana, 1965a: 7 ( Philonthus ; British Columbia; Alaska). — Smetana, 1995e: 277 ( Philonthus ; characters; Alberta; British Columbia; Labrador; Manitoba; Newfoundland; Northwest Territories; Quebec; Saskatchewan; Yukon Territory; Alaska; Arizona; California; Colorado; Idaho; Minnesota; Montana; Oregon; Washington; Wisconsin). - DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA.

leonensis Cameron, 1934e: 372 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Sierra Leone: Freetown). — Tottenham, 1962: 189 ( Philonthus ; characters). - DISTRIBUTION: Sierra Leone.

lepidulus Stephens, 1832 , see: discoideus Gravenhorst, 1802 .

lepidulus LeConte, 1863 , see: Neobisnius .

lepidus Gravenhorst, 1802: 31 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: Not cited). — Latreille, 1804: 318 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Germany). — Gravenhorst, 1806: 74 ( Staphylinus ; characters). — Gravenhorst, 1806: 74 ( Staphylinus ; [Note: Misidentification: Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 344 cited flavopterus Gravenhorst as a synonym of lepidus but Gravenhorst did not describe the species as new, he attributed it to Fourcroy in whose work Geoffroy’s new species are published]; characters; France). — Gyllenhal, 1810: 328 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Sweden). — Curtis, 1829: 28 ( Bolitobius ; catalog; Britain). — C. Sahlberg, 1830: 323 ( Staphylinus ; characters; Finland). — Runde, 1835: 10 ( Staphylinus ; [Note: Misidentification: Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 344 cited fulvipes Runde as a synonym of lepidus Gravenhorst ; Runde did not describe the species as new, he attributed it to Gyllenhal who attributed it to Panzer who attributed it to Fabricius]; characters; Germany). — Lacordaire, 1835: 401 ( Staphylinus ; characters; France). — Erichson, 1839a: 457 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany). — Heer, 1839: 262 ( Philonthus ; characters; Switzerland). — Erichson, 1840: 450 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany; Sweden; France). — Jacobsen, 1849: 693 ( Philonthus ; characters; Denmark). — Redtenbacher, 1849: 701 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria). — Küster, 1853a: 57 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sweden; Finland; Germany; France; Switzerland). — Fairmaire and Laboulbène, 1856: 515 ( Philonthus ; characters; France). — Kraatz, 1857d: 588 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany). — Redtenbacher, 1857: 191 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria). — Thomson, 1860: 163 ( Philonthus ; characters; Scandinavia).

— Fauvel, 1874: 248 [= 1874a: 474] ( Philonthus ; characters; France; Austria; Lake Baikal;

Amur region). — Redtenbacher, 1874: 210 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria). — Seidlitz, 1875: 275 ( Philonthus ; characters; Baltic region). — Fauvel, 1876a: 75 [= 1876: 260] ( Philonthus ; Dauria). — Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 413 [= 1877: 269] ( Philonthus ; characters; France). — J. Sahlberg, 1876: 20 ( Philonthus ; Finland). — Fowler, 1888: 266 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain). — Ganglbauer, 1895: 449 ( Philonthus ; characters; north and middle Europe; east Siberia ). — Poppius, 1909: 25 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gefyrobius ; Lena Valley, Siberia ). — Reitter, 1909: 128 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany). — Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 344 ( Philonthus ; catalog). — Johansen, 1914: 399 ( Philonthus ; characters; Denmark). — Portevin, 1929: 361 ( Philonthus ; characters; France). — Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1348 ( Philonthus ; catalog). — Wüsthoff, 1934: 61 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus). — V. Hansen, 1952: 57 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; Denmark). — Smetana, 1958: 187 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia). — Smetana, 1959: 149 ( Philonthus ; characters). — Palm, 1963b: 73 ( Philonthus ; characters; Sweden; Denmark; Norway; Finland). — Lohse, 1964: 179 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; central Europe). — Horion, 1965: 143 ( Philonthus ; Irkut and Vladivostok regions; Finland; Sweden; Norway;

Denmark; Britain; Russia; Ukraine; Baltics; Poland; Hungary; Romania; Serbia; Bosnia;

Croatia; Italy; Switzerland; France; Belgium; Holland; Germany; Austria). — Coiffait, 1967a: 434 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Trionthus ; characters; Europe). — Raianu, 1968a: 466 ( Philonthus ; Romania). — Szujecki, 1968a: 730 ( Philonthus ; Poland). — Coiffait, 1974: 193 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Trionthus ; characters; Europe; Siberia ; France). — Shilov, 1976: 150 ( Philonthus ; Mongolia). — Pope, 1977: 29 ( Philonthus ; Britain). — Tóth, 1984: 54 ( Philonthus ; characters; Hungary). — Ádám, 1987: 151 ( Trionthus ; collecting notes; Hungary). — Lucht, 1987: 106 ( Philonthus ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden). — Pilon and Zanetti, 1991: 57 ( Philonthus ; Italy). — J. Li, 1993: 37 ( Philonthus ; cited as lepoidus; China). — Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Trionthus ; Czech Republic; Slovakia). — Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 28 ( Philonthus ; Italy). — Kashcheev, 1999a: 57 ( Philonthus ; Kazakhstan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China. gilvipes Erichson, 1839a: 456 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Berlin). — Erichson, 1840: 448 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany). — Redtenbacher, 1849: 702 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria). — Kraatz, 1857d: 588 ( Philonthus ; synonym of lepidus ). — Redtenbacher, 1857: 192 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria). — Gemminger and Harold, 1868: 589 ( Philonthus ; synonym of lepidus ). — Fauvel, 1874: 248 [= 1874a: 474] ( Philonthus ; synonym of lepidus ). — Redtenbacher, 1874: 211 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria). — Seidlitz, 1875: 275 ( Philonthus ; variety of lepidus ; characters; Baltic region). — Ganglbauer, 1895: 449 ( Philonthus ; synonym of lepidus ). — Reitter, 1909: 128 ( Philonthus ; variety of gilvipes ; characters; Germany). — Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 344 ( Philonthus ; variety of lepidus ). — Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1348 ( Philonthus ; variety of lepidus ). — Smetana, 1958: 187 ( Philonthus ; aberration of lepidus ).

— Smetana, 1959: 149 ( Philonthus ; aberration of lepidus ; characters). — Coiffait, 1974: 193 ( Philonthus ; variety of lepidus ).

lidarensis Cameron, 1932: 94 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kashmir: Lidar Valley, Liderwat, alt. 9000 feet).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1349 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Cameron, 1934: 19 ( Philonthus ; Indian Tibet).

— Coiffait, 1982a: 232 ( Philonthus ; Kashmir).

- DISTRIBUTION: India.

limaensis Solsky, 1872: 300 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Lima).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 344 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Peru.

limbatus Fauvel, 1900 , see: Gabronthus .

limbipennis Fauvel, 1905b: 179 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Diego-Suarez; forêt Audroy; Ambovombe).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 344 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Tottenham, 1962: 216 ( Philonthus ; characters).

- DISTRIBUTION: Madagascar.

limbukus Tottenham, 1955: 168 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kenya: Muguga ).

— Tottenham, 1962: 137 ( Philonthus ; Tanganyika).

- DISTRIBUTION: Kenya, Tanzania.

limulus Tottenham, 1955: 166 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Spatulonthus ; Type locality: Transvaal: Pretoria).

- DISTRIBUTION: South Africa.

lindbergi Scheerpeltz, 1958a: 17 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Van , Ostufer des Van-Sees in Armenien).

— Coiffait, 1967a: 403 ( Philonthus ; characters; Asia Minor).

— Coiffait, 1974: 282 ( Philonthus ; characters; Armenia).

- DISTRIBUTION: Turkey.

lindemanni Scheerpeltz, 1960 , see: aeneipennis Boheman, 1858 .

lindrothi Smetana, 1965: 18 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; Type locality: W. Newfoundland, Deer Lake. Also cited from Nova Scotia).

— Smetana, 1995e: 271 ( Philonthus ; characters; notes; Alberta; British Columbia; Manitoba; New Brunswick; Newfoundland; Northwest Territories; Nova Scotia; Ontario; Quebec; Saskatchewan; Alaska; Arizona; California Colorado; Idaho; Illinois, Indiana, Iowa; Kansas; Maine; Massachusetts; Michigan; Minnesota; Missouri; Montana; Nebraska; Nevada; New Hampshire; New Jersey; New York; North Carolina; North Dakota; Ohio; Oregon; Pennsylvania; Rhode Island; South Dakota; Vermont; Washington; Wisconsin).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA.

linearis Casey, 1915 , see: Gabrius .

linearis Hochhuth, 1849 , see: quisquiliarius Gyllenhal, 1810 .

lineifrons Cameron, 1926 , see: Gabronthus .

lineiventris Bernhauer, 1937b: 611 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: N. W. Uluguru).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tanzania.

lineolatus Tottenham, 1962: 214 , 216 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Mauritius).

- DISTRIBUTION: Mauritius.

linkei Bernhauer, 1908 , see: longicornis Stephens, 1832 .

linki Solsky, 1867: 81 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: près de Samara).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 344 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1349 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Lohse, 1956: 91 ( Philonthus ; characters; notes).

— Coiffait, 1974: 270 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; characters; Russia; western Siberia ). — J. Li, 1993: 33 ( Paragabrius ; cited as linkei ; China).

liopterus Sharp, 1889: 36 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Yezo).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 344 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1349 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Nakane, 1963a: 91 ( Philonthus ; characters; habitus photograph; Japan).

— Kanehisa, Tsumuki, and Kawazu, 1994 ( Philonthus ; cited as lioterus; chemical secretions).

— Schillhammer, 1999a: 61 ( Philonthus ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan, Russia, Tajikistan.

kryzhanovskii Tikhomirova, 1973: 166 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Suputinskii zapovednik).

— Schillhammer, 1999a: 61 ( Philonthus ; synonym of liopterus ).

kralianus Hromádka, 1987a: 149 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: USSR: Tadzikistan, Ziddy, Hissar. chr. 2100 m) .

— Schillhammer, 1999a: 61 ( Philonthus ; synonym of liopterus ).

lissonurus Tottenham, 1949b: 341 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Equateur: Boende ).

— Levasseur, 1966a: 1213 ( Philonthus ; Congo; Zaire; Cameroon; Ivory Coast).

— Levasseur, 1968a: 54 ( Philonthus ; Central African Republic).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo Republic, Congo, Central African Republic, Ivory Coast.

lithocharinus LeConte, 1863 , see: Cafius .

littorinus Gistel, 1857: 75 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Nomen dubium]; Type locality: Alpes Helvetiae).

- DISTRIBUTION: Switzerland.

lituratus Stephens, 1832 , see: varians Paykull, 1789 .

lividipes Baudi, 1848 , see: Gabrius .

lomatus Erichson, 1840: 482 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Amer. b.; [Note: See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]. Originally cited from America septentrionalis).

— LeConte, 1850: 220 ( Philonthus ; Lake Superior).

— Provancher, 1877: 250 ( Philonthus ; characters; Quebec).

— Horn, 1884: 204 ( Philonthus ; characters; North America).

— Blatchley, 1910: 386 ( Philonthus ; characters; Indiana).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 344 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Notman, 1919: 135 ( Philonthus ; New York).

— Notman, 1919a: 95 ( Philonthus ; Ontario).

— Notman, 1920a: 180 ( Philonthus ; New York).

— Notman, 1920b: 706 ( Philonthus ; Florida).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1349 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Hatch, 1957: 186 ( Philonthus ; characters; British Columbia; Washington).

— Smetana, 1965: 22 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Philonthus ; notes; Nova Scotia; Newfoundland).

— Smetana, 1965a: 7 ( Philonthus ; British Columbia).

— Frank, 1984: 479 ( Philonthus ; notes; characters; Haiti).

— Dearborn and Donahue, 1994: 15 ( Philonthus ; Maine).

— Smetana, 1995e: 390 ( Philonthus ; lectotype designation: Amer. b.; characters; notes; Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming) .

— Downie and Arnett, 1996: 380 ( Philonthus ; characters; USA).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA, Haiti.

georgianus Sachse, 1852: 143 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Georgia).

— Fauvel, 1869: 488 ( Philonthus ; synonym of sobrinus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 344 ( Philonthus ; synonym of lomatus ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1349 ( Philonthus ; aberration of lomatus ).