Parachorius peninsularis ( Arrow, 1907 ) Tarasov, 2017

Tarasov, Sergei, 2017, A cybertaxonomic revision of the new dung beetle tribe Parachoriini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) and its phylogenetic assessment using molecular and morphological data, Zootaxa 4329 (2), pp. 101-149 : 134-135

Parachorius peninsularis ( Arrow, 1907) new combination

( Figs. 19 , 27A )

Cassolus peninsularis Arrow, 1907: 437

Cassolus peninsularis ; Gillet 1911: 39

Cassolus peninsularis ; Boucomont 1914: 250

Cassolus peninsularis ; Balthasar 1963: 260

Cassolus peninsularis ; Bacchus 1978: 106

Cassolus pongchaii Masumoto, 1989: 31 (new synonymy) Cassolus pongchaii ; Hanboonsong & Masumoto 2001: 135

Type locality. Perak , Penang [Malay Peninsula] ( Cassolus peninsularis ); Doi Suthep/Pui , Chiang Mai Province, Thailand ( Cassolus pongchaii )

Distribution. Central Thailand, Malay Peninsula, and Sumatra.

Taxonomic notes. Cassolus pongchaii is synonymized with P. peninsularis based on the similarity in external morphology and male genitalia. The types of C. pongchaii were not studied; however, I examined a specimen from the type locality of C. pongchaii that was identified by K. Masumoto as C. pongchaii .

The specimens of P. peninsularis examined here demonstrate variation in the shape of genitalia and external morphology. Most likely this variation suggests that P. peninsularis represents a complex of closely related species; however, the material deficiency does not allow adequately assessing it. Therefore, pending a more detailed study, in this paper I assume the concept of P. peninsularis sensu lato.

I examined two Parachorius females from Sulawesi (Tondano, Minahassa) deposited in MNHN, which are likely mislabeled specimens of P. peninsularis (species identification using females is ambiguous in Parachorius ). This is supported by the fact that the Oriental genus Parachorius does not occur in Sulawesi and some other scarabaeine specimens from those two localities were identified to be mislabeled as well ( Krikken & Huijbregts 2007).

Diagnosis. Parachorius peninsularis differs from all other members of Parachorius by the following combination of characters: clypeus with two teeth, outer margin of each tooth distinctly notched basally; protibia with apical spur reaching protarsomere 2, its first tooth approximately twice as wide as second tooth; metatibia with inner margin denticulate with relatively small teeth; parameres simple, narrow toward apex (lateral view).

Description. Body. Body ranges from black to reddish brown, length 4.0– 5.5 mm. Elytra uniformly colored.

Head. Clypeus with two teeth, outer margin of each tooth distinctly notched basally.

Pronotum. Pronotum rounded laterally. Frontal angles rounded. Disc covered with punctures separated by or 1–3 puncture diameter(s). Pronotum in anterior-posterior direction notably shorter than elytra.

Elytra. Elytra covered with sparse punctures.

Wings. Wings normally developed.

Legs. Profemora with almost straight or sinuate anterior margin. Protibia with apical spur reaching protarsomere 2. First tooth notably modified in males, approximately twice as wide as second tooth, with which it is almost merged or first and second teeth distinctly separated from each other; first tooth normal, distinctly separated from denticles located between first and second teeth. Metafemoral posterior margin not serrate, simple, or slightly dilated in apical forth of metafemur and produced in rounded angle preapically, dilation gradually reducing toward apex. Metatibia slightly sinuate, its inner margin denticulate with relatively small teeth, and produced in small angle apically.

Metasternum. Transverse basal ridge of metasternum reduced and extremely short.

Aedeagus. Parameres symmetrical, simple and narrowed toward apex (lateral view).

Material examined in this study and records from other sources. Lectotype of Cassolus peninsularis : Malaysia: 1 male, “LECTOTYPE / 66473 / Doherty /? / Perak L.C. / Fry Coll. 1905-1007 / Cassolus peninsularis type m# A. a. m., 1907 / Cassolus peninsularis Arr m# M.E. Bacchus det 1975 LECTOTYPE", 4°48.4'N, 100°48'E (BMNH). Paralectotype: 1 male, Penang Lamb. 93.60, 5°15.794'N, 100°29'E (BMNH). Paralectotype: 2 females, Perak, 4°48.4'N, 100°48'E (BMNH). Holotype of Cassolus pongchaii : Thailand: 1 male, Doi Suthep/ Pui, Chiang Mai Province, 18°48.951'N, 98°54.015'E, on 30/vii–5/vii/1988 (K. Masumoto) (NSMT) (this record is from Masumoto 1989). Paratype: Thailand: 9 specimens, Doi Suthep/Pui, Chiang Mai Province, 18°48.951'N, 98°54.015'E, on 30/vii–5/vii/1988 (K. Masumoto) (NSMT) (this record is from Masumoto 1989). 1 male, 90891 [locality is illegibly written] (ZMHB). Indonesia: 1 male, North Sumatra, Serdang, Tandjong, Morawa, 5°14.8'N, 96°3'E (B. Hagen) (RMNH). 1 male, northeastern Sumatra, Deli, Bukit Pandjang Est. Langsa, lowland forest, on ix/1954 (A. Sollaar) (RMNH). 1 male, northeastern Sumatra, Deli, Kuala Simpang, 4°17.1'N, 98°3.5'E, lowland forest, on viii/1953 (A. Sollaart) (RMNH). 1 male, northeastern Sumatra, Deli, Kuala Simpang, 4°17.1'N, 98°3.5'E, lowland forest, on ix/1953 (A. Sollaart) (RMNH). 2 males, northeastern Sumatra, Tebing-tinggi, 3°19.16'N, 99°9.13'E (Dr. Schultheiss) (DEI). 1 male, Sumatra (ZMHB). 1 male, Sumatra, Bedagei, collection of V. de Poll (MNHN). Malaysia: 1 male, Malay Peninsula, Kedah, near Jitra, catchment area, 5°52.9'N, 100°31.7'E, 4/vii/1928 (H.M. Pendlebury) (BMNH). 1 male, Perak, Batang Padang, Jor Camp, 1800 feet, on 6/vi/1923 (H.M. Pendlebury) (BMNH). Thailand: 2 specimens, Doi Inthanon, Chiang Mai Prov., 18°35.325'N, 98°29.066'E, on 30/ vii–3/viii/1988 (K. Masumoto) (NSMT) (this record is from Masumoto 1989). 3 specimens, Doi Inthanon, Chiang Mai Province, 18°35.325'N, 98°29.066'E, 11/xii/1988 (Y. Manit) (NSMT) (this record is from Masumoto 1989). 1 specimen, Doi Pui, Chiang Mai Province, 18°48.951'N, 98°54.015'E, 10/ii/1987 (Y. Manit) (NSMT) (this record is from Masumoto 1989). 1 male, Doi Suthep, Barber F., 18°48.95'N, 98°54.015'E, on iii/1986 (P. Scwedinger) (MHNG). 1 specimen, Doi Suthep/Pui, Chiang Mai Province, 18°48.951'N, 98°54.015'E, 20/xi/1988 (Y. Manit) (NSMT) (this record is from Masumoto 1989). 1 specimen, Phrao Chiang Dao, Chiang Mai Province, 19°21.891'N, 98°57.96'E, 10/ix/1988 (Y. Manit) (NSMT) (this record is from Masumoto 1989). 1 male, Phukhet Island, 7°56.8'N, 98°20.3'E, 25/iv/2007 (S. Romantsov) (ZIN). 1 male, Tak Province, Umphang District, Mae Chan/Mae Klong confluence, Thung Yai Wildlife Sanctuary, 15°30'N, 98°48'E, 300 m, oak/bamboo forest, on 24/ iv–6/v/1988 (M.J.D. Brendell) (RMNH). 1 male, Tak Province, Umphang District, Mae Chan/Mae Klong confluence, Thung Yai Wildlife Sanctuary, 15°30'N, 98°48'E, 300 m, oak/bamboo forest, on 24/iv–6/v/1988 (M.J.D. Brendell) (BMNH).

Figures

FIGURE 19. Morphology of Parachorius peninsularis. (A) aedeagus, lateral view (lectotype). (B) aedeagus, lateral view (Malay, Kedah). (C) aedeagus, lateral view (Sumatra). (D) aedeagus, lateral view (Thailand, Thung Yai). (E) habitus (male, lectotype). (F – H) right metafemur (male). (I) aedeagus, lateral view.

FIGURE 27. Distribution maps of Parachorius species. (A) Parachorius peninsularis. (B) Parachorius pseudojavanus. (C) Parachorius schuelkei. (D) Parachorius semsanganus. (E) Parachorius solodovnikovi. (F) Parachorius thomsoni. Type locality — type locality of species (holotype or lectotype); Type. Collection data — localities of type specimens associated with species (paratypes or paralectotypes); Collection data — localities of other specimens examined in this study. Literature data — localities retrieved from literature.