Caenophidia Hoffstetter, 1939

Rage, Jean-Claude, Folie, Annelise, Rana, Rajendra S., Singh, Hukam, Rose, Kenneth D. & Smith, Thierry, 2008, A diverse snake fauna from the early Eocene of Vastan Lignite Mine, Gujarat, India, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 53 (3), pp. 391-403 : 394

Infraorder Caenophidia Hoffstetter, 1939

Remarks.—The Caenophidia are regarded as the most advanced snakes. They include the Acrochordoidea and Colubroidea , which are sister groups. The Acrochordoidea comprise the living Acrochordidae and the extinct Nigerophiidae . The Colubroidea include the living Atractaspididae , Elapidae , Viperidae , and paraphyletic colubrids, and the extinct Anomalophiidae and Russellophiidae , which are regarded as primitive colubroids. McDowell (1987) assigned the Anomalophiidae and Russellophiidae , as well as the Palaeophiidae , to the Acrochordoidea; but Rage and Prasad (1992: 90) noted that the character that links these families to the Acrochordidae (i.e., the morphology of the prezygapophyses) may be an adaptation to aquatic life without systematic value.