Paratrichodorus tarifaensis, Decraemer & Archidona-Yuste & Clavero-Camacho & Vovlas & Cantalapiedra-Navarrete & Alba & Ruiz-Cuenca & Castillo & Juan & Palomares-Rius, 2024

Decraemer, Wilfrida, Archidona-Yuste, Antonio, Clavero-Camacho, Ilenia, Vovlas, Alessio, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Carolina, Alba, Ruiz-Cuenca, Castillo, Pablo, Juan & Palomares-Rius, 2024, Unravelling cryptic diversity in the Paratrichodorus allius- group species complex to resolve eight new species of the genus and new insights on the molecular phylogeny % Nematoda: Trichodoridae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 202 (3), pp. 1-44 : 17-21

Paratrichodorus tarifaensis sp. nov. Decraemer et al.

( Figs 3F, G , 8 , 9 ; Table 5)

Zoobank registration: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B0C6E238-9592-411B-9AED-6C82D68A0CFF

Type material: Holotype. Male extracted from soil samples collected from the rhizosphere of wild olive % Olea europaea ssp. sylvestris ) at Tarifa * Cádiz province * southern Spain % 36°03 ʹ 49.5 ʹʹ N latitude* 5°40 ʹ 18.2 ʹʹ W longitude) by J. Martín Barbarroja and G. León Ropero * mounted in pure glycerine and deposited in the nematode collection of Ghent University * Ghent * Belgium %slide number UGMD 104455 ).

Paratypes: Male and female paratypes extracted from soil samples collected from the rhizosphere of wild olive at Tarifa * Cádiz province * southern Spain * were deposited in the following nematode collections: Ghent University * Ghent * Belgium %slide numbers males and females paratype UGMD 104454-104458 ); and one male and one female paratypes at the USDA Nematode Collection* Beltsville* MD * USA %collection number T-8018p ).

Additional material examined: An additional population was collected also in the rhizosphere of cork oak % Quercus suber ) at Benalup-Casas Viejas * Cádiz province * Spain % 36°17 ʹ 24.07 ʹʹ N latitude* 5°55 ʹ 57.05 ʹʹ W longitude ).

Etymology: Ŋe species epithet refers to Tarifa* the type locality where the type specimens were collected.

Description of male: Body straight* cigar-shaped* ossen with swollen cuticle %3–7.5 µm at midbody) upon fixation; anteriorly tapered to low* rounded lip region appearing offset by the protruding double papillae %four cephalic and two subdorsal and two subventral outer labial papillae). Onchiostyle rather long %average 54 µm long). Pharynx at posterior isthmus gradually widening to a posterior bulb* with a short to pronounced %5–48 µm) ventral overlap of the ventrosublateral pharyngeal glands* rarely % one male) with a combination of a short dorsal overlap by the intestine and a short ventral overlap; dorsal gland nucleus in the anterior third of bulb* both pairs of ventrosublateral gland nuclei visible* the posterior pair located in the posterior third of the bulb. Nerve ring surrounding isthmus close to the pharyngostom base; SE-pore opposite anterior pharyngeal bulb. Ventromedian or lateral cervical papillae absent. Reproductive system monorchic* sperm small with oval-shaped nucleus %3.0 × 1.5 µm). Spicules medium-sized %average 53.5 µm)* slightly ventrally curved* with marked capitulum* blade largely equally wide but slightly tapered towards an open distal tip; spicules ornamented with fine transverse striae* except at extremities. Exceptionally* one male with different spicule length %52 µm for less spicule and 56 µm for right spicule). Copulatory muscles hardly developed* obscure; capsule of suspensor muscles thin* around anterior half of spicule; gubernaculum with thickened distal part parallel to spicules. Bursa narrow* extending usually from head of retracted spicule to subterminally on tail. Ŋree precloacal supplements* posterior two %SP1 and SP2) opposite distal half or the retracted spicules; SP3* liưle developed and non-protruding* located about 2.5 spicule lengths from the cloacal opening. A pair of well-developed postcloacal supplements adjacent to the cloacal opening* the laưer with a small protruding anterior lip flap %in ventral view visible as two flaps bordering the opening). Tail less than one anal body diameter long and broad conical. A pair of posterior caudal pores subterminally near tail tip.

Description of female: Body largely as in male. Reproductive system with small sperm spreading over the uteri; vagina short with slight indentation; vaginal sclerotization pieces small %1.0–1.5 µm)* triangular* oblique to nearly parallel to vaginal lumen in orientation and clearly separated %2.0–3.0 µm).

Code oithin the tabular identification key (based on: Decraemer and Baujard 1998): For males: A212 %average min max)* B22* C22* D0* E0* F3* G2* H3* I2%4)* J2?* K2* L2* M27* N2* O1* P1. For females: A213* B22* C1* D1* E3* F2* G?* H35* I1* J1* K2* L3* M3* N1* O2* P2* Q4* R2* S1* T1.

Diagnosis and relationships: Paratrichodorus tarifaensis sp. nov. is characterized by a similar proportion of males and females* with a medium-sized body %average 805 µm in male* 870 µm in female)* medium-sized onchiostyle %average 54 µm)* absence of ventromedian and lateral cervical papillae* small sperm with oval nucleus* pharynx mainly with overlapping ventrosublateral glands* medium-sized spicule length %average 53 µm) with finely striated* slightly ventrally curved and marked capitulum* three SP of which the posterior two opposite posterior half retracted spicule* tail shorter than anal width* with a pair of postcloacal supplements near cloacal opening and nearly terminal pair of caudal pores. Females with short vagina %21% cbd* average) with indentation and small triangular vaginal sclerotized pieces %1.5 µm) in optical section* oblique to almost parallel with vaginal lumen and clearly separated.

Using the tabular identification keys for Paratrichodorus males %Decraemer and Baujard 1998) with sorting of the data primarily on character D %number of CP)* followed by character F %number of SP)* groups P. tarifaensis sp. nov. with the known species P. teres and P. rhodesiensis %Siddiqi and Brown 1965 ) Siddiqi 1974; three SP can exceptionally also occur in P. allius %Siddiqi 1974 )* in P. lobatus %Decraemer and Reay 1991 ) and in P. namibiensis . Paratrichodorus tarifaensis sp. nov. differs from P. teres by male sperm with small nucleus but without fibrillar appearance in testis and by male common instead of male rare in most populations of P. teres . It can be differentiated from P. allius by male being common. Ŋe new species differs from P. rhodesiensis by longer body average in type population 805 µm vs. 360–690 µm average 645 µm and from P. namibiensis by the shorter spicules %average 53 µm vs. 67 µm) and sperm with small nucleus vs. threat-like without nucleus in P. namibiensis . Paratrichodorus tarifaensis sp. nov. can show a similar pronounced ventral pharyngeal overlap as in P. lobatus but differs in sperm without fibrillar appearance in male testis.

Based on the tabular key for females %Decraemer and Baujard 1998) sorting on primary features C and D* followed by features K and L %size and position of vaginal sclerotized pieces in optical section)* groups the new species with P. acaudatus * P. allius and P. teres . Paratrichodorus tarifaensis sp. nov. differs from P. acaudatus in the shorter onchiostyle %50–59 µm vs. 82–83 µm in type populations)* in the terminal position of the anus* and in the shape of vaginal sclerotized pieces* triangular vs. quadrangular. Ŋe new species differs from P. allius in sperm located in the uteri vs. sperm present in ovarial sacs and in the longer onchiostyle %50–57 µm vs. 37–48 µm). Ŋe new species agrees with P. teres in presence of a pronounced ventral overlap of the pharyngeal glands in some specimens but differs in the shape of vagina %with midway indentation instead of widening* common in P. teres )* in shape of vaginal sclerotized pieces %shorter and oval in P. teres )* and in the slightly longer onchiostyle %50–57 µm vs. 42–50 µm).

Figures

Figure 3. Line drawings for comparison of vagina in the Paratrichodorus allius species-complex group. A* B* P. uliaensis sp.nov.; C* D. P. benalupensis sp. nov.; E* P.hinogerus sp. nov.; F* G* P.tarifaensis sp. nov.; H* P.asidonaensis sp.nov.; I* P. rocianerus sp. nov.; J* P.litoralis sp. nov.; K* L* P. paraallius sp. nov.; M–P* P.allius based on Sturhan %1989); Q* P.allius* paratype; R* S* P.teres* paratypes.

Figure 8. Line drawings of Paratrichodorus tarifaensis sp. nov.. Males. A* E* D* pharyngeal region. B* C* E* F* tail region with copulatory apparatus. F* ventral view. Females.G–H* pharyngeal region.I* reproductive system.J* vagina region. K* tail. Holotype %A* B)* paratypes %C–K). Scale bars = 20 µm.

Figure 9. Light micrographs of Paratrichodorus tarifaensis sp.nov.. Males.A* total view holotype. B* pharyngeal region holotype.C–E* copulatory apparatus in holotype and paratypes. D* E* ventral view. F* testis* holotype. Female paratypes.G–J* vagina region. Scale bars A = 100 µm; B–E* G-J = 10 µm; F = 20 µm.