Corynoneura Winnertz

Fu, Yue, Saether, Ole A. & Wang, Xinhua, 2009, Corynoneura Winnertz from East Asia, with a systematic review of the genus (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae), Zootaxa 2287, pp. 1-44 : 36-38

Key to the males of Corynoneura Winnertz

1. Phallapodeme scalpel-like, and slightly bent, relatively short...................................................................................... 2

– Phallapodeme not scalpel-like, and curved, relatively long ...................................................................................... 15

2. Transverse sternapodeme wide ..................................................................................................................................... 3

– Transverse sternapodeme narrow ................................................................................................................................. 5

3. Antennal ratio lower than 0.4, antennal apex with preapical sensilla chaetica; Japan, Russian Far East ...................... ......................................................................................................................................... C. tenuistyla Tokunaga, 1936

– Antennal ratio higher than 0.6, antennal apex with apical sensilla chaetica ................................................................ 4

4. Tergite IX medially incurved with posterior humps carrying setae with indication of pair of low caudal mounds; superior volsella joined medially or absent ................................................. C. seiryuresea Sasa, Suzuki et Sakai, 1998

– Tergite IX without posterior humps without indication of median mounds; superior volsella triangular and separate with inferior volsella .......................................................................................... C. tokarapequea Sasa et Suzuki, 1995

5. Anal point represented by hump-like extension of tergite............................................................................................ 6

– Anal point absent .......................................................................................................................................................... 7

6. Antenna with 11 flagellomeres; superior volsella with rounded margin ................................... C. cylindricauda sp. n.

– Antenna with 8 flagellomeres; superior volsella with pointed corner ............................................. C. prominens sp. n.

7. Gonostylus with basal lobe on inner margin ................................................................................................................ 8

– Gonostylus without basal lobe on inner margin ........................................................................................................... 9

8. Attachment point of lateral sternapodeme placed in caudal third of lateral sternapodeme and directed caudally......... ............................................................................................................... C. inawapequea Sasa, Kitami et Suzuki, 1999

– Attachment point of lateral sternapodeme with phallapodeme placed in caudal position of sternapodeme and cau- dally directed .......................................................................................................................... C. kibunelata Sasa, 1989

9. Antenna with 12–13 flagellomeres ............................................................................................................................. 10

– Antenna with 7–10 flagellomeres ............................................................................................................................... 12

10. Gonostylus straight, medially expanded and relatively short ............................................. C. fujiundecima Sasa, 1985

– Gonostylus slightly curved, gradually narrowed near apex, relatively long .............................................................. 11

11. Antennal ratio lower than 0.4; inferior volsella absent or barely indicated as long low inner margin of gonocoxite.... .................................................................................................................................. C. kisogawa Sasa et Kondo, 1993

– Antennal ratio higher than 0.6; inferior volsella triangular; Europe, North America.................................................... ............................................................................................................................................ C. celeripes Winnertz 1852

12. Attachment point of lateral sternapodeme with phallapodeme in caudal position of below sternapodeme and cau- dally directed............................................................................................................................................................... 13

– Attachment point of lateral sternapodeme with phallapodeme placed in caudal position of sternapodeme and ven- trally directed .............................................................................................................................................................. 14

13. Antenna with 10 flagellomeres; superior volsella absent; Zimbabwe.................................. C. cristata Freeman, 1953

– Antenna with 7–8 flagellomeres; superior volsella present; Russian Far East............................................................... ............................................................................................................. C. prima Makarchenko et Makarchenko, 2006

14. Apex of antenna very expanded; edge of inferior volsella dented .................................................. C. inefligiata sp. n.

– Apex of antenna not very expanded; inferior volsella with rounded corner .................................................................. ....................................................................................................................................................... C. macdonaldi sp. n.

15. Attachment point of lateral sternapodeme with phallapodeme placed in caudal position of sternapodeme and cau- dally directed............................................................................................................................................................... 16

– Attachment point of lateral sternapodeme with phallapodeme placed in caudo-ventral position, or placed in caudal third of lateral sternapodeme....................................................................................................................................... 17

16. Superior volsella conspicuously projecting, with very long setae; Europe, Nearctic Region .. C. fittkaui Schlee, 1968

– Superior volsella inconspicuously projecting, without very long setae; Europe, Asia: Lebanon, Nearctic................... ............................................................................................................................................. C. lacustris Edwards, 1924

17. Phallapodeme slightly bent, relatively short............................................................................................................... 18

– Phallapodeme strongly curved, relatively long........................................................................................................... 19

18. Antenna with 8 flagellomeres, antennal ratio higher than 1.0; India......... C. chiandertali Singh et Maheshwari, 1987

– Antenna with 10 flagellomeres; antennal ratio lower than 0.4; Zimbabwe.................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................ C. elongata Freeman, 1953

19. Transverse sternapodeme present, wide or relatively narrow .................................................................................... 20

– Transverse sternapodeme absent, lateral sternapodemes meeting in sharp point....................................................... 29

20. Antenna with 12–13 flagellomeres ............................................................................................................................. 21

– Antenna with 6–11 flagellomeres ............................................................................................................................... 22

21. Antennal apex with apical sensilla chaetica, inferior volsella not developed; Europe................................................... ............................................................................................................................................. C. coronata Edwards 1924

– Antennal apex with preapical sensilla chaetica, inferior volsella well developed; Russian Far East ........... C. doriceni Makarchenko et Makarchenko, 2006

22. Attachment point of lateral sternapodeme placed in caudal position of sternapodeme and ventrally directed.......... 23

– Attachment point of lateral sternapodeme placed in caudal third of lateral sternapodeme and directed caudally..... 26

23. Gonostylus with basal lobe on inner margin .............................................................................................................. 24

– Gonostylus without basal lobe on inner margin ......................................................................................................... 25

24. Inferior volsella present and well developed; Australia............................................... C. australiensis Freeman, 1961

– Inferior volsella absent ............................................................................................................. C. gratias Schlee, 1968

25. Transverse sternapodeme wide; inferior volsella with acute-angle corner.................... C. yoshimurai Tokunaga, 1936

– Transverse sternapodeme narrow; inferior volsella with almost right-angle corner; Russian Far East ......................... ....................................................................................................... C. kedrovaya Makarchenko et Makarchenko, 2006

26. Superior volsella conspicuously projecting, digitiform; Finland..................................... C. gynocera Tuiskunen, 1983

– Superior volsella not projecting, almost triangular .................................................................................................... 27

27. Superior volsella separated ................................................................................................................ C. medicina sp. n.

– Superior volsella joined medially or absent ............................................................................................................... 28

28. Antenna with 10 flagellomeres, AR c. 1.0; gonostylus strongly curved .................................. C. arctica Kieffer, 1923

– Antenna with 11 flagellomeres, AR c. 0.5; gonostylus slightly curved ............. C. tokaraquerea Sasa et Suzuki, 1995

29. Antenna with 12–13 flagellomeres, Japan............................................................................ C. vittalis Tokunaga, 1936

– Antenna with 6–11 flagellomeres ............................................................................................................................... 30

30. Gonostylus with basal lobe on inner margin .............................................................................................................. 31

– Gonostylus without basal lobe on inner margin ......................................................................................................... 39

31. Inferior volsella present ............................................................................................................................................. 32

– Inferior volsella absent or barely indicated as long low inner margin of gonocoxite ................................................ 35

32. Anal point represented by hump-like extension of tergite ............................................................. C. nankaiensis sp. n.

– Anal point absent ........................................................................................................................................................ 33

33. Antennal ratio c. 0.3; gonostylus slightly curved ............................................................. C. kibunespinosa Sasa, 1989

– Antennal ratio c. 1.0; gonostylus strongly curved ...................................................................................................... 34

34. Wing very narrow and long, wing width/length <0.40; superior volsella reduced; Palaearctic (Europe, Japan) ......... ...................................................................................................................................... C. longipennis Tokunaga, 1936

– Wing relatively wide and short, wing width/length> 0.40; superior volsella present ..... C. scutellata Winnertz, 1846

35. Attachment point of lateral sternapodeme placed in caudal position of sternapodeme and directed ventrally.............. ............................................................................................................................ C. sorachibecea Sasa et Suzuki, 2001

– Attachment point of lateral sternapodeme placed in caudal third of lateral sternapodeme and directed caudally..... 36

36. Antenna with 11 flagellomeres; Japan................................................................................... C. cuspis Tokunaga, 1936

– Antenna with 7–8 flagellomeres ................................................................................................................................. 37

37. Antennal ratio lower than 0.4; India......................................................... C. incidera Hazra, Nath et Chaudhuri, 2003

– Antennal ratio higher than 1.0 ................................................................................................................................... 38

38. Superior volsella inconspicuous, joined medially; gonostylus strongly curved; India................................................... ......................................................................................................................... C. carinata Singh et Maheshwari, 1987

– Superior volsella conspicuously projecting; gonostylus slightly curved; India............................................................. ............................................................................................................................. C. lahuli Singh et Maheshwari, 1987

39. Inferior volsella present ............................................................................................................................................. 40

– Inferior volsella absent or barely indicated as long low inner margin of gonocoxite ................................................ 45

40. Phallapodeme with lateral apex bifid, enclosing knob joint with sternapodeme........................................................ 41

– Phallapodeme with projection for joint with sternapodeme placed pre-lateral .......................................................... 42

41. Antenna with 11 flagellomeres; inferior volsella rounded; Europe, Asia ( Lebanon, Japan). C. celtica Edwards, 1924

– Antenna with 7 flagellomeres; inferior volsella with digitiform projecting......................................... C. korema sp. n.

42. Inferior volsella narrow, digitiform to spatulate ......................................................................................................... 43

– Inferior volsella broad, almost triangular; Africa ........................................................... C. dewulfi Goetghebuer, 1935

43. Antenna with 8 flagellomeres; Tergite IX straight, without posterior humps without indication of median mounds; India................................................................................................... C. centromedia Hazra, Nath et Chaudhuri, 2003

– Antenna with 9-10 flagellomeres; Tergite IX medially incurved with posterior humps with indication of median mounds ........................................................................................................................................................................ 44

44. Antenna with 10 flagellomeres; gonostylus median very expanded and apical hooked ........ C. lobata Edwards, 1924

– Antenna with 9 flagellomeres; gonostylus slender and apical hooked ................ C. ferelobatus Sublette et Sasa, 1994

45. Antenna with 11 flagellomeres; antennal apex with preapical sensilla chaetica ....................................................... 46

– Antenna with 6–10 flagellomeres; antennal apex with apical sensilla chaetica......................................................... 48

46. Superior volsella more or less triangular; not projecting; Europe ...................................... C. carriana Edwards, 1924

– Superior volsella digitiform, conspicuously projecting.............................................................................................. 47

47. Antennal ratio c. 0.4, palpomeres short; Finland.......................................... C. brundini Hirvenoja et Hirvenoja, 1988

– Antennal ratio 0.7–0.9, palpomeres relatively long ............................................................. C. edwardsi Brundin, 1949

48. Antenna with 6–7 flagellomeres ................................................................................................................................. 49

– Antenna with 9–10 flagellomeres ............................................................................................................................... 50

49. Antenna with 7 flagellomeres, ultimate flagellomere with distal black rosette................................. C. latusatra sp. n.

– Antenna with 6 flagellomeres, ultimate flagellomere distal without black rosette; Japan............................................. ................................................................................................................................. C. isigaheius Sasa et Suzuki, 2000

50. Antenna with 10 flagellomeres; Tergite IX straight, without posterior humps without indication of median mounds; gonostylus straight ............................................................................................................................ C. confidens sp. n.

– Antenna with 9 flagellomeres; Tergite IX medially incurved with posterior humps with indication of median mounds; gonostylus slightly curved; Russian Far East...................... C. secunda Makarchenko et Makarchenko 2006