Lamiogethes Audisio & Cline, 2009

Audisio, Paolo, Cline, Andrew Richard, Biase, Alessio De, Antonini, Gloria, Mancini, Emiliano, Trizzino, Marco, Costantini, Lorenzo, Strika, Sirio, Lamanna, Francesco & Cerretti, Pierfilippo, 2009, Preliminary re-examination of genus-level taxonomy of the pollen beetle subfamily Meligethinae (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 49 (2), pp. 341-504 : 422-427

23. Lamiogethes Audisio & Cline , gen. nov.

( Figs. 23 a–n )

Type species. Meligethes ruficollis Reitter, 1872: 244 , 258 (by present designation) [= Lamiogethes ruficollis (Reitter, 1872) comb. nov.].

Generic description and diagnosis. Inclusive species vary greatly in size (1.4–3.3 mm length), and share the following combination of characters.

Body color and pubescence: pubescence silvery-whitish or golden, fine, usually not welldeveloped, recumbent, never obscuring the usually brown, blackish-brown, or reddish-brown dorsal body surface; pronotal and elytral sides narrowly flattened, frequently paler than disc; lateral margin of pronotum and elytra with a series of faintly distinct, small and short setae, each seta 0.3–0.5× as long as those on elytral disc; posterior margin of pronotum typically with long, usually distally bifid microsetae (frequently reduced in members of Lamiogethes convexus species-group), frequently absent at least along narrow middle portion anterior to scutellum ( Figs. 23e, f ) in Afrotropical species-groups.

Dorsal habitus: body highly convex to relatively flat, even within members of the same species-group ( AUDISIO 1996), variably shaped, shortly oval to long and parallel-sided ( Figs. 23a, b ); dorsal punctures on discal portion of pronotum usually larger than eye facet, and typically moderately to deeply impressed and densely distributed ( Fig. 23d ), but depth and distribution highly variable; anterior margin of clypeus truncate, slightly or distinctly sinuate medially, usually without small, faintly distinct, medial bulge, faintly distinctly bordered, lateral angles rounded or obtuse ( Fig. 23d ); circum-ocular furrows (occipital sulci) on dorsal side of head narrow, moderately to deeply impressed, usually obliterated posteriorly, incomplete ( Fig. 23d ); eyes large and usually moderately projecting laterally ( Figs. 23a, b, d ); pronotum with obtusely distinct to rounded posterior angles, never directed posteriorly ( Figs. 23a, b ); areas adjacent to posterior outer portions of pronotum usually impunctate and glabrous; scutellum minutely punctured on exposed portion ( Figs. 23e, f ); elytra with simple to more or less distinctly transversely strigose punctures ( Figs. 23a, e, f ); elytral humeral striae usually indistinct; elytral pre-sutural striae distinct, originating at scutellar vertex, terminating close to elytral apex, and delimiting on each elytron a flatly raised and narrow sutural border, border largest at posterior third but narrower than proximal portion of 3 rd antennomere; elytral apices truncately rounded in both sexes ( Fig. 23a ); pygidium partially exposed, moderately convex, apically rounded in both sexes ( Figs. 23a, b ).

Ventral side: antennal furrows markedly delimited, nearly parallel-sided, slightly sinuate, slightly divergent posteriorly; mentum subpentagonal ( Fig. 23c ), transverse, trapezoidal; prosternal antennal furrows on anterior margin of prosternum strongly raised and relatively long ( Fig. 23c ); prosternal process variably shaped, subapical dilated portion 2.0–3.6× as wide as maximum width of 1 st antennomere, usually bluntly convex and microscopically indistinctly crenulate distally ( Figs. 23h, k ); lateral borders of prosternal process delimiting shallowly impressed but wide and distinct furrows, distally terminating over predistal lateral expansions ( Figs. 23h, k ); posterior margin of mesoventrite never medially incised, frequently slightly to markedly arcuately convex posteriorly ( Figs. 23h, k ); male impressions on metaventrite and tubercles variably developed; first two visible abdominal ventrites simple in both sexes, without tufts of setae; caudal marginal lines of metacoxal cavities nearly simple, usually subparallel and more or less narrowly contiguous to posterior margin of metacoxal cavities, with shallow arched impression of outer ‘axillary’ line ( Fig. 23g ); ‘axillary’ space on first abdominal ventrite usually large, ‘axillary’ angle usually widely obtuse ( Fig. 23g ); large, long, and deeply impressed arched impressions present on basal portion of last visible abdominal ventrite, frequently partially covered by distal portion of penultimate visible abdominal ventrite ( Fig. 23g ); apex of last abdominal ventrite frequently more or less distinctly emarginate in males with shining tubercles or arcuate ridges.

Appendages: male 1 st antennomere 0.8–0.9× as long as width of protibiae excluding distal teeth ( Figs. 23 a, b ); 3 rd antennomere usually moderately short in both sexes, 2.1–2.2× as long as wide, 0.8–1.0× as long as but distinctly thinner than 2 nd antennomere ( Fig. 23c ); 4 th and 5 th antennomeres subequal in both sexes, short, nearly as long as wide; antennal club compact, mid-sized, simple, comprising last 3 antennomeres in both sexes (8 th antennomere scarcely widened, 0.4–0.5× as wide as 9 th antennomere) ( Fig. 23c ), narrower than width of protibiae, sexual dimorphism absent; labial palpi relatively short in both sexes ( Fig. 23c ), terminal segment ~1.6–1.8× as long as wide; maxillary palpi moderately long and slender in both sexes ( Fig. 23c ), terminal segment 2.2–2.3× as long as wide; mandible mid-sized ( Fig. 23a, b, c ), apex moderately acuminate, no sexual dimorphism; tarsal claws variable, simple, not toothed at base ( Fig. 23n ), bluntly toothed, or strongly and sharpy toothed ( Fig. 23m ); tarsi of variable size and shape, 0.5–0.8× as long as corresponding tibiae ( Figs. 23a, b, n ); protibiae with a series of variable, uneven, small and blunt to large and sharp teeth on distal portion or on most of lateral margin ( Figs. 23a, b, g ); meso- and metatibiae on lateral margin bearing a single and usually even row of long and robust pegs ( Figs. 23a, b, n ), without U-shaped sinuosity at distal third; meso- and metatibiae moderately slender and relatively narrow ( Figs. 23a, b, n ), never subtrapezoidal or axe-shaped; sexual dimorphism only rarely expressed in metatibial shape; tarsal plates of prolegs distinctly wider in males; posterior margin of metafemora simple in both sexes, without tubercles or projections.

Male genitalia: processes along inner side of parameres absent ( Figs. 24–25 in EASTON 1959b; Figs. 54–57, 58– 69 in EASTON 1960; Figs. 149–152 in AUDISIO 1993b; Figs. 1–18 in AUDISIO 1996), distal margin variably incised, without deep median longitudinal desclerotization from proximal portion of tegmen extending to medial distal V-shaped excision; median lobe of aedeagus variably shaped, without lateral emargination, narrowed and obtuse, acuminate or spatulate distally, rarely with minute excisions or emarginations.

Female genitalia (ovipositor): small or large, variably shaped; styli short to long, cylindrical, inserted close to apex of contiguous gonostyloids (Fig. 58 in EASTON 1959b; Figs. 105–111 in EASTON 1960; Figs. 162–163 in AUDISIO 1993b; Figs. 21–22 and 24–29 in AUDISIO 1996); each gonostyloid lightly sclerotized and rarely darkly pigmented distally, with a simple, never indentate outer portion of narrow basicoxites, and a single, narrow, more or less pigmented and sclerotized arcuate area along outer subdistal portion of gonostyloids. ‘Central point’ of ovipositor usually centrally located, or placed slightly more distad than middle, usually without or rarely with proximad directed spicule.

Etymology. The generic name is derived from the host-plant family of inclusive species, i.e. Lamiaceae , and from ‘- gethes ’, to emphasize its phylogenetic relationship with Meligethes . Gender masculine.

Biology. The biology of inclusive species is incompletely known, but appears to be homogeneous. Members of Lamiogethes gen. nov. are likely all associated as larvae with flowers of Lamiaceae (= Labiatae ), in particular Lamium L., Salvia L., Stachys L., Becium Lindl , Leucas Burm. ex R. Br. , Leonotis R. Br. , and allied genera in Palaearctic and Afrotropical areas ( EASTON 1960; AUDISIO 1993b, 1996, and unpublished data).

Phylogenetic position. Available morphological datasets provide good evidence for a clade including Lamiogethes gen. nov., Rubiogethes gen. nov., Paleogethes gen. nov., Astylogethes , and Stachygethes gen. nov. However, phylogenetic relationships between these taxa are only partially supported with molecular data ( TRIZZINO et al. 2009).

Taxonomy and geographic distribution. Lamiogethes gen. nov. is numerically the second largest Meligethinae genus, including nearly one hundred described species as well as ~20 additional identified but undescribed species, mainly distributed in Tropical Africa, Madagascar, the Indian Subcontinent, Europe, Anatolia, and the Eastern Palaearctic ( KIREJTSHUK 1992b; AUDISIO 1993b, 1996; JELÍNEK & AUDISIO 2007). Inclusive species are attributed to four or five formerly recognized species-groups, i.e. the ‘ Meligethes difficilis ’, ‘ M. ruficollis / gloriosus ’, ‘ M. convexus ’, and ‘ M. politus / phalacroides ’ species-groups.

Lamiogethes abductus ( Audisio, Jelínek & Cooter, 2005) NE China comb. nov.

Lamiogethes accretus (Kirejtshuk, 1988) comb. nov. South Africa: Mpumalanga, NW Province, KwaZulu- Natal, Free State, E Cape ; Lesotho

Lamiogethes aeneoviridinitens (Audisio, 1993) comb. nov. NE Turkey, Caucasus

Lamiogethes amabilis (Kirejtshuk, 1988) comb. nov. India

Lamiogethes amei ( Audisio & Kirejtshuk, 1988) comb. nov. N Turkey, Caucasus

Lamiogethes andrewesi (Grouvelle, 1908) comb. nov. India

Lamiogethes angustatus (Küster, 1848) comb. nov. S Europe

Lamiogethes asignifer (Kirejtshuk, 1996) comb. nov. N Namibia

Lamiogethes assamensis (Kirejtshuk, 1980) comb. nov. N India, Assam

Lamiogethes atomus ( Grouvelle, 1904) comb. nov. Congo, Zanzibar

Lamiogethes atramentarius (Förster, 1849) comb. nov. Central Europe

Lamiogethes atrovirens (Jelínek, 1982) comb. nov. N Turkey, Caucasus

Lamiogethes becivorus ( Audisio, 1996) comb. nov. South Africa: NW Province

Lamiogethes besucheti (Kirejtshuk, 1988) comb. nov. Sri Lanka

Lamiogethes bidens (C. N. F. Brisout de Barneville, 1863) Europe, Caucasus comb. nov.

Lamiogethes bolognai (Audisio, 1977) comb. nov. N Turkey, Caucasus

Lamiogethes brunnicornis ( Sturm, 1845) comb. nov. Europe, W Siberia, Middle Asia, N Africa Lamiogethes bucciarellii (Audisio, 1976) comb. nov. SE Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Middle East Lamiogethes buyssoni (C. N. F. Brisout de Barneville, 1882) Europe, Anatolia, Caucasus comb. nov.

Lamiogethes byrrhoides ( Audisio, 1996) comb. nov. South Africa: NW Province; Namibia ; Botswana Lamiogethes candidus (Easton, 1964) comb. nov. Congo

Lamiogethes chlorocupreus (Audisio, Jelínek & S China

Cooter, 2005) comb. nov.

Lamiogethes conjungens ( Grouvelle, 1910) comb. nov. S China

Lamiogethes convexus ( Boheman, 1851) comb. nov. South Africa: KwaZulu-Natal, Free State Lamiogethes cooteri (Audisio, 1989) comb. nov. Montenegro

Lamiogethes cribrosus (Grouvelle, 1908) comb. nov. India

Lamiogethes descarpentriesi (Kirejtshuk, 1980) comb. nov. India

Lamiogethes desolatus (Easton, 1964) comb. nov. Congo

Lamiogethes dieckmanni (Audisio & Jelínek, 1984) N Turkey, N Iran, Caucasus comb. nov.

Lamiogethes difficilis ( Heer, 1841) comb. nov. Palaearctic Region

Lamiogethes difficiloides ( Audisio, Jelínek & Cooter, 2005) S China comb. nov.

Lamiogethes equus ( Easton, 1960) comb. nov. Kenya

Lamiogethes fairmairei (Grouvelle, 1913) comb. nov. Madagascar

Lamiogethes gibbulus ( Spornraft & Kirejtshuk, 1993) South Africa: KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, NW comb. nov. Province; Lesotho

Lamiogethes glebi (Kirejtshuk, 1988) comb. nov. Sri Lanka

Lamiogethes gloriosus ( Grouvelle, 1910) comb. nov. Tanzania

Lamiogethes grouvellei (Plavilstshikov, 1924) comb. nov. Madagascar

Lamiogethes haemorrhoidalis (Förster, 1849) comb. nov. Europe, Near East, W Middle Asia

Lamiogethes imitans (Kirejtshuk, 1988) comb. nov. Namibia

Lamiogethes instabilis (Grouvelle, 1906) comb. nov. Madagascar

Lamiogethes jelineki (Audisio, 1976) comb. nov. S Europe, Caucasus

Lamiogethes kasparyani ( Kirejtshuk, 1984) comb. nov. SE Siberia, NE China

Lamiogethes kaszabi (Audisio, 1979) comb. nov. Georgian Caucasus

Lamiogethes kirejtshuki (Audisio, 1979) comb. nov. N Turkey, Caucasus

Lamiogethes kunzei ( Erichson, 1845) comb. nov. Europe, Caucasus, N Turkey

Lamiogethes leati ( Easton, 1956) comb. nov. Sicily, N Africa, N Iran

Lamiogethes leileri ( Kirejtshuk, 2002) comb. nov. Kenya

Lamiogethes leucasi ( Easton, 1960) comb. nov. Kenya 1)

Lamiogethes levis (Kirejtshuk, 1995) comb. nov. Sri Lanka

Lamiogethes lornae ( Easton, 1960) comb. nov. Kenya

Lamiogethes luminosus (Reitter, 1873) comb. nov. India

1) It is likely that L. leucasi ( Easton, 1960) is a junior synonym of L. similis (Grouvelle, 1899) .

Lamiogethes luteolus (Reitter, 1873) comb. nov. India

Lamiogethes madagascariensis ( Grouvelle, 1896) Madagascar comb. nov.

Lamiogethes madurensis (Kirejtshuk, 1988) comb. nov. India

Lamiogethes medvedevi ( Kirejtshuk, 1978) comb. nov. NE Turkey, Caucasus

Lamiogethes merkli ( Kirejtshuk, 2001) comb. nov. Kenya

Lamiogethes mirator (Kirejtshuk, 1979) comb. nov. Russian Far East: Primorie

Lamiogethes mitis (Kirejtshuk, 1996) comb. nov. Namibia

Lamiogethes mixtus (Grouvelle, 1908) comb. nov. India

Lamiogethes montivagus ( Easton, 1960) comb. nov. Tanzania

Lamiogethes morosus ( Erichson, 1845) comb. nov. Palaearctic Region

Lamiogethes nakanei (Easton, 1957) comb. nov. E Siberia, Japan, NE China

Lamiogethes nigriceps (Easton, 1964) comb. nov. Congo

Lamiogethes nobilis (Easton, 1964) comb. nov. Congo

Lamiogethes oberprieleri ( Audisio, 1996) comb. nov. South Africa: W Cape

Lamiogethes ochropus ( Sturm, 1845) comb. nov. Europe, Siberia, N Korea

Lamiogethes opacidorsum (Kirejtshuk, 1996) comb. nov. Namibia

Lamiogethes paraconvexus ( Audisio, 1996) comb. nov. South Africa: Mpumalanga

Lamiogethes paschalis (Spornraft, 1975) comb. nov. Central and southern Italy

Lamiogethes pedicularius ( Gyllenhal, 1808) comb. nov. Europe, Siberia, N Middle Asia

Lamiogethes perparvulus (Grouvelle, 1913) comb. nov. Madagascar

Lamiogethes persicus (Faldermann, 1835) comb. nov. Europe, Near East, W Siberia, N Middle Asia, NW China

Lamiogethes phalacroides ( Grouvelle, 1896) comb. nov. Madagascar

Lamiogethes politus (Motschulsky, 1863) comb. nov. Sri Lanka

Lamiogethes potanini (Kirejtshuk, 1979) comb. nov. China: Sichuan

Lamiogethes pubiusculus (Kirejtshuk, 1988) comb. nov. South Africa: KwaZulu-Natal

Lamiogethes relativus ( Kirejtshuk & Viklund, 2002) Kenya comb. nov.

Lamiogethes rubiginosus (Grouvelle, 1909) comb. nov. Tanzania, Zanzibar

Lamiogethes rubricollis (Grouvelle, 1903) comb. nov. India

Lamiogethes ruficollis (Reitter, 1872) comb. nov. Tropical Africa, South Africa

Lamiogethes rufithorax Grouvelle, 1894 comb. nov. India

Lamiogethes rufulus ( Grouvelle, 1916) comb. nov. Congo

Lamiogethes sellaris ( Easton, 1960) comb. nov. Kenya

Lamiogethes serripes (Gyllenhal, 1827) comb. nov. Europe, Siberia, N Middle Asia

Lamiogethes shimoyamai (Sadan. Hisamatsu, 1964) Japan comb. nov.

Lamiogethes shrilankaensis (Kirejtshuk, 1988) comb. nov. Sri Lanka

Lamiogethes similis (Grouvelle, 1899) comb. nov. Ethiopia, Kenya 1)

Lamiogethes simillimus ( Kirejtshuk, 1984) comb. nov. Russian Far East, NE China

Lamiogethes simulans (Easton, 1959) comb. nov. Ethiopia

Lamiogethes spadix (Easton, 1954) comb. nov. S Arabian Peninsula

Lamiogethes subglobosus (Reitter, 1875) comb. nov. South Africa: W Cape

Lamiogethes sulcatus (C. N. F. Brisout de Barneville, 1863) Europe, Near East, Siberia comb. nov.

Lamiogethes tilmani ( Easton, 1968) comb. nov. Nepal, SW China: Tibet, N Pakistan, NW India Lamiogethes verdcourti ( Easton, 1960) comb. nov. Kenya

Lamiogethes vietnamensis (Kirejtshuk, 1979) comb. nov. Vietnam

Lamiogethes xyphosuroides ( Kirejtshuk, 1989) comb. nov. South Africa: NW Province, Mpumalanga

Figures

Fig. 23. Lamiogethes Audisio & Cline, gen. nov.: a – L. paschalis (Spornraft, 1975); b – L. convexus (Boheman, 1851); c–e, g–h, m – L. ruficollis (Reitter, 1872); k, f, n – L. difficilis (Heer, 1841). a, b – male habitus (a – length 3.0 mm; b – length 2.7 mm); c – ventral view of head and of anterior portion of prosternum; d – dorsal view of head; e–f – scutellum and microsetae on middle of posterior margin of pronotum; g – ventral view of body; h–k – prosternal process and mesoventrite; m – last tarsomere of middle leg; n – outer margin of mesotibia. Scale bars: Figs. c, d, e, f, h, n = 100 μm; Fig. g = 1 mm; Fig. m = 20 μm.

Fig. 24. Chromogethes Kirejtshuk, 1989: a – C. formosus (Kirejtshuk, 1989); b–h – C. mastax (Audisio & De Biase, 2004); k – C. splendidulus (Reitter, 1873). a – male habitus (length 2.0 mm); b, k – dorsal view of head; c – scutellum and microsetae on middle of posterior margin of pronotum; d – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; e – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; f – tarsal claws of middle leg; g – outer margin of mesotibia; h – prosternal process and mesoventrite. Scale bars: Figs. b, d, e, g, k = 100 μm; Fig. c, f = 30 μm; Fig. h = 200 μm.

Fig. 25. Cyclogethes Kirejtshuk, 1979: a–h, k, p–v – C. orientalis Kirejtshuk, 1979; i, o – C. abnormis Kirejtshuk, 1979; m – C. fuscipennis Jelínek, 2000; n – C. aldridgei Kirejtshuk, 1980. a – male habitus; b–c – punctation of pronotum and elytra; d – prosternal process, mesoventrite, and metaventrite; e – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; f – protibia; g – mesotibia; h – antennal club; k, i, m – dorsal view of head; n, o, p – prosternal process; q – labium and left palp; r–s – dorsal view of male genitalia; t – labrum; u – ovipositor; v – lateral view of male genitalia. Drawings a–h, k, q–v from KIREJTSHUK (1979a); drawings i, m–p from JELÍNEK (2000b); refer to KIREJTSHUK (1979a) and to JELÍNEK (2000b) for scale.

Fig. 1. Acanthogethes Reitter, 1871: a–h – A. fuscus (Olivier, 1790). a – male habitus (length 3.5 mm); b – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; c – dorsal view of head; d – scutellum and microsetae on posterior margin of pronotum; e – prosternal process and mesoventrite; f – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; g – caudal marginal lines of metacoxal cavities; h – middle leg illustrating outer margin of mesotibia. Scale bars: Figs. b, c = 200 μm; Figs. d, e, f, g, h = 100 μm.

Fig. 2. Asterogethes Audisio & Cline, gen. nov.: a – A. endroedyi (Kirejtshuk & Audisio, 1995); b–d, f–n – A. arcuatus (Reitter, 1872); e – A. rufiventris (Reitter, 1872). a, b – male habitus (a – length 3.2 mm; b – length 2.4 mm); c – dorso-lateral view of head; d – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; e – outline of male metafemur (length 0.5 mm); f – caudal marginal lines of metacoxal cavities; g – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; h – middle leg with illustrating outer margin of mesotibia; k – antenna; m – pronotal setae and microsetae on posterior margin of pronotum; n – prosternal process and mesoventrite. Scale bars: Figs. c, h, m, n = 20μm; Figs. d, f, g = 100 μm.

Fig. 3. Odontholariopsis Audisio & Cline, gen. nov.: a, g – O. haagii (Reitter, 1872); b–f, h – O. nebulosus (Reitter, 1872). a – male habitus (length 2.6 mm); b – dorsal view of head; c – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; d – middle leg illustrating outer margin of mesotibia; e – scutellum and microsetae on posterior margin of pronotum; f – prosternal process and mesoventrite; g – outline of male metafemur (length 0.5 mm); h – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite. Scale bars: Figs. b, c, f, h = 100 μm; Fig. d = 30 μm; Fig. e = 20 μm.

Fig. 4. Lariopsis Kirejtshuk, 1989: a – L.vultuosus (Kirejtshuk & Audisio, 1995); b–k – L. variabilis (Reitter, 1872). a – male habitus (length 3.3 mm); b, c – dorso-lateral view of head; d – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; e – prosternal process and mesoventrite; f – middle leg with outer margin of mesotibia; g – microsetae on middle posterior margin of pronotum; h – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; k – caudal marginal lines of metacoxal cavities. Scale bars: Figs. b, c, d, e, h, k = 100 μm; Fig. f = 30 μm; Fig. g = 10 μm.

Fig. 5. Neolariopsis Audisio & Cline, gen. nov.: a, c–h – N. cercoides (Reitter, 1872); b – N. thalycroides (Kirejtshuk & Audisio, 1995). a, b – male habitus (a – length 2.1 mm, b – length 2.1 mm); c – dorsal view of head; d – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; e – middle leg with outer margin of mesotibia; f – prosternal process and mesoventrite; g – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; h – antenna. Scale bars: Figs. c, d, f = 100 μm; Figs. e, h = 20 μm; Fig. g = 30 μm.

Fig. 6. Clypeogethes Scholz, 1932 and Xerogethes Audisio & Cline, gen. nov.: a, c – C. chlorocyaneus (Jelínek & Audisio, 1977); b, d–e – C. elongatus (Rosenhauer, 1856); k–n – C. lepidii (Miller, 1851); f–g – X. osellai (Audisio & Jelínek, 2000); h – X. rotundicollis (C. N. F. Brisout de Barneville, 1863). a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b, c, h – ovipositors; d–e, f–g – male genitalia; k – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; m – dorsal view of head; n – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum. Figs. b–h: refer to AUDISIO (1993b) and AUDISIO et al. (2000) for scale. Scale bars: Figs. k, m, n = 100 μm.

Fig. 7. Xerogethes Audisio & Cline, gen. nov.: a – X. osellai (Audisio & Jelínek, 2000); b–g – X. rotundicollis (C. N. F. Brisout de Barneville, 1863). a – male habitus (length 2.0 mm); b – dorso-lateral view of head; c – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; d – prosternal process and mesoventrite; e – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; f – caudal marginal lines of metacoxal cavities; g – microsetae on middle of posterior margin of pronotum. Scale bars: Figs. b, c, d, e, f = 100 μm; g = 30 μm.

Fig. 8. Idiogethes Kirejtshuk, 1977: a–e – I. angustitarsus Kirejtshuk, 1977. a – male habitus (length 2.2 mm); b – dorsal view of head; c – antenna; d – anterior leg; e – mesotibia. Figs. b–e: refer to KIREJTSHUK (1977a) for scale.

Fig. 9. Boragogethes Audisio & Cline, gen. nov.: a, d, k, m – B. symphyti (Heer, 1841); b–c, e–h – B. rosenhaueri (Reitter, 1871). a, b – male habitus (a – length 3.0 mm; b – length 2.5 mm); c, d – dorsal view of head; e – microsetae on posterior margin of pronotum; f – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; g – prosternal process and mesoventrite; h – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; k – caudal marginal lines of metacoxal cavities; m – outer margin of mesotibia. Scale bars: Figs. c, d, f, g, h, m = 100 μm; Fig. e = 20 μm; Fig. k = 200 μm.

Fig. 10. Afrogethes Audisio & Cline, gen. nov.: a – A. tristis (Sturm, 1845); b–d, h – A. reticulatus (Reitter, 1872); e – A. alani (Kirejtshuk, 1988); f–g – A. planiusculus (Heer, 1841); k – A. isoplexidis (Wollaston, 1854). a, k – male habitus (a – length 2.6 mm; k – length 2.5 mm); b – dorsal view of head; c – prosternal process; d – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; e – microsetae on middle posterior margin of pronotum; f – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; g – caudal marginal lines of metacoxal cavities; h – outer margin of mesotibia. Scale bars: Figs. b, c, d, f, g, h = 100 μm; Fig. e = 20 μm.

Fig. 11. Indogethes Audisio & Cline, gen. nov.: a–m – I. curvipes (Grouvelle, 1908). a – male habitus (pubescence and mandibles not illustrated; length 3.5 mm); b – dorsal view of head; c – prosternal process and mesoventrite; d – microsetae on middle of posterior margin of pronotum; e – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; f – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; g – caudal marginal line of metacoxal cavity; h–k – male genitalia (h – length 0.5 mm; k – 0.4 mm); m – ovipositor (length 0.7 mm). Scale bars: Figs. b, c, e, f, g = 200 μm; Fig. d = 10 μm.

Fig. 12. Bolbocerogethes Audisio & Cline, gen. nov.: a–e – B. pallipes (Boheman, 1851). a – male habitus (length 2.6 mm); b – ovipositor (modified from SPORNRAFT & KIREJTSHUK (1993); length 0.6 mm); c–d – male genitalia (c, d – length 0.3 mm); e – prosternal process (width 0.3 mm).

Fig. 13. Genistogethes Audisio & Cline, gen. nov.: a – G. immundus (Kraatz, 1858); b–h – G. punctatus (C. N. F. Brisout de Barneville, 1863). a – male habitus (length 2.7 mm); b – dorso-lateral view of head; c – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; d – caudal marginal line of metacoxal cavity; e – anterior portion of scutellum and microsetae on middle of posterior margin of pronotum; f – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; g – prosternal process and mesoventrite; h – middle leg with outer margin of mesotibia. Scale bars: Figs. b, c, d, f, g, h = 100 μm; Fig. e = 30 μm.

Fig. 14. Fabogethes Audisio & Cline, gen. nov.: a – F. opacus (Rosenhauer, 1856); b–h – F. nigrescens (Stephens, 1830). a – male habitus (length 2.7 mm); b – dorso-lateral view of head; c – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; d – anterior portion of scutellum and microsetae on middle of posterior margin of pronotum; e – prosternal process and mesoventrite; f – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; g – caudal marginal line of metacoxal cavity; h – middle leg with outer margin of mesotibia. Scale bars: Figs. b, c, e, g = 100 μm.

Fig. 15. Thymogethes Audisio & Cline, gen. nov.: a, h – T. egenus (Erichson, 1845); b – T. subfumatus (Ganglbauer, 1899); c–g, k – T. nigritus (Lucas, 1849). a, b – male habitus (a – length 2.5 mm; b – length 2.7 mm); c – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; d – anterior portion of scutellum and microsetae on middle of posterior margin of pronotum; e – dorsal view of head; f – prosternal process and mesoventrite; g – caudal marginal line of metacoxal cavity; h – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; k – middle leg with outer margin of mesotibia. Scale bars: Figs. c, e, f, g, h = 100 μm; Fig. d = 20 μm.

Fig. 16. Sagittogethes Audisio & Cline, gen. nov.: a – S. ater (C. N. F. Brisout de Barneville, 1863); b – S. lindbergi (Rebmann, 1940); c, f–g – S. maurus (Sturm, 1845); d–e, h–k – S. obscurus (Erichson, 1845). a, b – male habitus (a – length 2.9 mm; b – length 2.5 mm); c – dorsal view of head; d – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; e – ventral view of body; f – last tarsomere of a middle leg; g – prosternal process and mesoventrite; h – anterior portion of scutellum and microsetae on middle posterior margin of pronotum; k – middle leg with outer margin of mesotibia. Scale bars: Figs. c, g, k = 100 μm; Figs. d, e = 200 μm; Fig. f = 20 μm; Fig. h = 30 μm.

Fig. 17. Aristogethes Audisio & Cline, gen. nov.: a – A. translatus (Grouvelle, 1913); b – A. pecten (Audisio, Kirk-Spriggs & Kirejtshuk, 1998); c, e–k – A. pubescens (Reitter, 1872); d, m – A. marshalli (Grouvelle, 1914). a, b – male habitus (a – length 2.6 mm; b – length 2.4 mm); c, d – dorsal view of head; e – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; f – prosternal process and mesoventrite; g – anterior portion of scutellum and microsetae on middle of posterior margin of pronotum; h – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; k – caudal marginal line of metacoxal cavity; m – last tarsomere of middle leg. Scale bars: Figs. d, f, h, k, m = 100 μm; Fig. g = 20 μm.

Fig. 18. JelinekigethesAudisio & Cline, gen. nov.: a–e – J. danielssoni (Audisio, 1995).a – male habitus; b–c – male genitalia; d – ovipositor; e – male protibia. Figs. a–e – refer to AUDISIO (1995) for scale.

Fig. 21. Paleogethes Audisio & Cline, gen. nov.: a–k – P. wollastoni (Easton, 1950). a – male habitus (length 1.9 mm); b – dorsal view of head; c – protibia; d – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; e – middle leg with outer margin of mesotibia; f – prosternal process and mesoventrite; g – anterior portion of scutellum and microsetae on middle of posterior margin of pronotum; h – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; k – ventral view of body. Scale bars: Figs. b, d, e, f, h = 100 μm; Fig. c = 20 μm; Fig. g = 10 μm; Fig. k = 200 μm.

Fig. 22. Rubiogethes Audisio & Cline, gen. nov.: a–k – R. newtoni (Kirejtshuk, 1990). a – female habitus; b – dorsal view of head; c – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; d – scutellum and microsetae on middle of posterior margin of pronotum; e – prosternal process and mesoventrite; f – exposed portion of last visible abdominal ventrite; g – caudal marginal line of metacoxal cavity; h – middle leg with outer margin of mesotibia; k – protibia. Scale bars: Figs. a, b = 200 μm; Figs. c, d, e, f, g = 100 μm; Figs. h, k = 20 μm.

Fig. 26. Anthystrix Kirejtshuk, 1981: a, f–g, i – A.squamosa Kirejtshuk, 1981; b–e, h, k, m – A. longiclava Kirejtshuk & Easton, 1988. a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – labium and right labial palpus; c – right maxilla and palpus; d – left mandible; e – labrum; f–g – male genitalia; h – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum; i – distal portion of ovipositor; k – male antennal club; m – major sclerites of male endophallus. Drawings b–m: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2009a) for scale.

Fig. 27. Tarchonanthogethes Audisio & Cline, gen. nov.: a, c–i – T. rotundiclava (Kirejtshuk & Easton, 1988); b – T.sp.; k – T. martini (Grouvelle, 1899). a, b – male habitus (a – length 2.6 mm; b – length 2.0 mm); c–d – male genitalia (c – length 0. 43 mm; d – length 0.38 mm); e – major sclerites of male endophallus (length 0.20 mm); f – scutellum and microsetae on middle of posterior margin of pronotum; g – ventral view of body; h – male antenna (length 0.65 mm); i – dorsal view of head; k – distal portion of ovipositor (length 0.4 mm). Scale bars: Figs. f, i = 100 μm; Fig. g = 300 μm.

Fig. 28. Sebastiangethes Audisio, Kirk-Spriggs & Cline, 2008: a–i – S. anthystrixoides Audisio, Kirk-Spriggs & Cline, 2008. a – male habitus (length 2.7 mm); b – right maxilla and palpus; c – left mandible; d – labrum; e–f – male genitalia; g – major sclerites of male endophallus; h – distal portion of ovipositor; i – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum. Drawings b–i: refer to AUDISIO et al. (2008) for scale.

Fig. 29. Xenostrongylogethes Audisio & Cline, gen. nov.: a–h – X. luculentus (Kirejtshuk & Easton, 1988). a – male habitus (length 2.5 mm); b – protibia (length 0.32 mm); c – male antenna (length 0.50 mm); d – ventral view of head and anterior portion of prosternum (pronotal width 1.22 mm); e–f – male genitalia (e – length 0.42 mm; f – length 0.47 mm); g – major sclerites of male endophallus (length 0.42 mm); h – distal portion of ovipositor (length 0.49 mm).