Phlogoiderhynchus polonicus ( Roemer, 1866 )

Baliński, Andrzej, 2006, Brachiopods and their response to the Early-Middle Frasnian biogeochemical perturbations on the South Polish carbonate shelf, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 51 (4), pp. 647-678 : 663

Phlogoiderhynchus polonicus ( Roemer, 1866)

Figs. 5A , 7H .

1866 Camarotoechia? polonica ; Roemer 1866: 676, pl. 13: 9, 10.

1896 Camarotoechia polonica F. Roemer ; Gürich 1896: 280, pl. 7: 8.

1975 Phlogoiderhynchus polonicus ( Roemer, 1866) ; Biernat and Szulczewski 1975: 203–215, pls. 21–28, fig. 2.

1988 Phlogoiderhynchus polonicus (Roemer) ; Makowski 1988: pl. 10: 8,9.

1993 Phlogoiderhynchus polonicus ; Makowski in Racki et al. 1993: pl. 18: 3.

Material.—Twenty two complete shells and 14 fragments from Wietrznia Id−W section (beds 4, 14, 18, and 31), three shells from Wietrznia Ie section (beds 60 and 92) as well as one complete shell from loose block found to the west of Id−W section. Two nearly complete shells and 23 fragments from Kostomłoty V quarry, as well as thirty complete to nearly complete shells and 59 fragments from Kostomłoty II quarry.

Remarks.—The species was revised in great detail by Biernat and Szulczewski (1975). The authors carefully elaborated external and internal characters of the shell including their variability. It is noteworthy that shells of Phlogoiderhynchus polonicus recently recovered from Kostomłoty are frequently colonised by discinoid Roemerella ? sp. ( Fig. 5 ).

Occurrence.—The species occurs in the latest part of Givetian to Middle Frasnian marls, marly limestones, and limestones of several localities in the Holy Cross Mountains: Jaźwica, Kowala, Sosnówka, Śluchowice, Kostomłoty, Szydłówek, Józefka, Chęciny, and Wietrznia ( Biernat and Szulczewski 1975; Racki 1993b). It is regarded as a good characteristic fossil for the Early Frasnian deposits and useful species for correlation of the north and south basinal regions of the Holy Cross Mountains ( Biernat and Szulczewski 1975) but Racki (1993b) and Sartenaer and Racki (1992) noted some diachronism in spreading of the species to the southern basins.

Figures

Fig. 5. Discinoid Roemerella? sp. from middle Szydłówek Beds, Kostomłoty II. A. ZPAL Bp 60/27−10, nine specimens adhered to large shell of Phlogoiderhynchus polonicus (Roemer,1866). B. ZPAL Bp 60/27−9, strongly flattened speci− men adhered in the sulcus of a shell of Phlogoi− derhynchus polonicus. C. ZPAL Bp 60/27−6, enlargement of flattened and crushed specimen showing details of surface ornamentation.

Fig. 7. Rhynchonellid brachiopods from the Frasnian of Wietrznia and Dębnik. A, B. Hypothyridina sp., ZPAL Bp 60/28 (A) and GIUS 4−273 Wt/IM−4 (B), two complete shells from the middle Wietrznia Beds of Wietrznia Ie and Id−W, respectively, in dorsal (A1, B1), ventral (A2, B2), lateral (A3, B3), posterior (A4, B4), and anterior (A5, B5) views. C. Fitzroyella alata Biernat, 1969, GIUS 4−273 Wt/GR−1, complete shell from the middle Wietrznia Beds of Wietrznia Id−W. D, E. Fitzroyella sp. from the middle Wietrznia Beds of Wietrznia Id−W. D. Incomplete specimen GIUS 4−273 Wt/IM−7 in dorsal (D1) and ventral (D2) views. E. Complete shell GIUS 4−273 Wt/GR−2 in dorsal (E1), ventral (E2), lateral (E3), posterior (E4), and anterior (E5) views. F, G. Plionoptycherhynchus cracoviensis (Gürich, 1903) from the Nodular Limestone (Palmatolepis hassi Zone) of Dębnik. F. ZPAL Bp 60/17, fragment of a large shell in ventral view. G. ZPAL Bp 60/4, complete shell in dorsal (G1), ventral (G2), lateral (G3), posterior (G4), and anterior (G5) views. H. Phlogoiderhynchus polonicus (Roemer, 1866) from the middle Wietrznia Beds of Wietrznia Id−W, shell GIUS 4−273 Wt/IM−8 in dorsal (H1), ventral (H2), lateral (H3), posterior (H4), and anterior (H5) views.