Coelinius longicephalus Oliveira & Penteado-Dias, 2022

Oliveira, Franciélle Dias De & Penteado-Dias, Angélica Maria, 2022, New species of Coelinius Nees (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) from Brazil, Zootaxa 5129 (2), pp. 199-210 : 200-204

Coelinius longicephalus Oliveira & Penteado-Dias sp. nov.

Figures 1–8 , 18–20 .

Type material. Holotype: pinned, female ( DCBU 445766 ), Brazil, Minas Gerais, São Roque de Minas, Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra , 20°13’48.02”S, 46°26’47.66”W, alt. 1444 m, 26.X–30.XI.2019, rupestrian grassland, Malaise trap, A. S. Soares and F. D. Oliveira cols . Paratypes: 2 males ( DCBU 445770 , DCBU 445771 ) same data as holotype ; 1 male ( DCBU 445769 ) same data as holotype, except 05.II–06.III.2019 ; 2 males ( DCBU 445767 , DCBU 445768 ) same data as holotype, except 06.III–02.IV.2019 .

Diagnosis. Coelinius longicephalus sp. nov. can be differentiated from other neotropical species of genus by the following set of features: head in dorsal view elongate, 0.9× as wide as long, occiput almost straight ( Figs 2 , 18 ); temple (lateral view) 2.0–2.7× as long as eye, protruding posterior-apically ( Figs 3 , 19 ); frons rugose; mandible 1.7–1.9× as long as apical width ( Fig. 20 ); notauli complete ( Fig. 2 ); first metasomal tergite without dorsope ( Fig. 6 ); body with distinctly parts yellow, mainly in the head and pronotum ( Figs 1–4 ).

Description. Female (holotype) ( Figs 1–5 and 7 ). Length. Body: 4.5 mm. Fore wing: 2.5 mm. Hind wing: 1.8 mm.

Head. In dorsal view, elongate, 0.9× as wide as long ( Figs 2 , 18 ), 1.1× as wide as eye, 1.5× as wide as mesosoma, 0.9× as wide as long (length of head in lateral view). Frons concave, rugose anteriorly. Shortest distance from occiput to stemmaticum 2.3× stemmaticum height. Shortest distance between inner margins of lateral ocelli 1.5× maximum diameter of ocellus. Shortest distance from between outer margin of lateral ocellus and margin of eye 1.2× stemmaticum width. Occiput very weakly sinuous. Head with scattered setae dorsally. In lateral view, head 1.6× as long as high ( Figs 3 , 19 ); temple 2.0× as long as eye. Eye 0.9× as long as high, with minute and sparse setae of difficult viewing. Temple with scattered setae. Face 1.9× as wide as high ( Fig. 4 ); 1.3× as wide as clypeus, 2.2× as high as clypeus. Face punctate, setose, with a dorsally raised longitudinal ridge. Clypeus 3.2× as wide as high; slightly protruding, punctate and setose. Paraclypeal fovea minute, occupying 0.6× of the distance from lateral margin of clypeus to eye. Mandible 4-dentate, 1.9× as long as apical width ( Fig. 20 ), apex 0.8× as wide as base. Tooth four is a well-developed protrusion located on the dorsal margin of tooth two. Tooth two strongly acute, longer than the others. Tooth one triangular, approximately as long as tooth three or slightly smaller. Tooth three somewhat rounded. Mandible rugose and densely setose, except on teeth; diagonal carina well-developed, extending to the 2/3 apical of the mandible. Maxillary palp 0.3× as long as head, 5-segmented; third segment 0.9× as long as fourth. Labial palp 3-segmented. Labrum setose. Antenna 0.7× as long as body, with 34 flagellomeres. First flagellomere 4.2× as long as wide, 1.3× as long as second flagellomere. Second flagellomere 3.4× as long as wide. Third flagellomere 2.5× as long as wide. Tenth flagellomere 1.3× as long as wide.

Mesosoma. 2.7× as long as high ( Fig. 3 ), 3.1× as long as wide, 1.8× as long as head (lateral view). Pronotum with large pit ( Fig. 2 ), posterior margin crenulate; side of pronotum crenulate medially and remaining rugulose to rugose. Mesoscutum 0.75× as wide as long ( Fig. 2 ), its width 0.9× mesosoma height; with lateral margins crenulate. Notauli deep, broad, crenulate, continuous to mesoscutal pit. Mesoscutal pit deep, elongate, with small crenulations, occupying about 0.3× of mesoscutum length, almost reaching the anterior margin of the scutellar sulcus. Scutellar sulcus 2.5× as wide as long, with well-developed mid ridge and some weak and irregular ridges in lateral areas. Scutellum smooth, with anterior margin about 1.5× as wide as posterior margin; side of scutellum foveolate. Metanotum rugose anteriorly, with mid ridge well-developed and complete. Mesopleuron with anterior and posterior margins crenulate ( Fig. 3 ); subalar area rugose foveolate. Precoxal sulcus with minute crenulations, reaching the posterior margin of the mesopleuron. Propodeum foveolate rugose to reticulate rugose, with longitudinal carina weakly impressed on third basal ( Fig. 5 ). Metapleuron rugose to reticulate rugose. Mesosoma setose, except on lateral lobes of mesoscutum, scutellar disc and propodeum medially, with scattered setae.

Legs. Hind femur 3.3× as long as wide. Hind tibia 9.4× as long as its maximum subapical width, 0.9× as long as hind tarsus. First segment of hind tarsus 1.9× as long as second segment.

Fore wing. 0.6× as long as body ( Fig. 8 ). Vein r arising distinctly distad of midpoint of pterostigma, its length about 0.5× of pterostigma width. Pterostigma 1.3× as long as vein 1-R1. Vein 1-SR+M 0.8× as long as 2-SR; 2- SR+M 0.8× as long as 2-SR. First subdiscal cell open (CU1b absent); vein cu-a postfurcal, 1.0× as long as 1-CU1; 2-CU1 1.3× as long as m-cu.

Hind wing. With three hamuli, 6.3× as long as wide ( Fig. 8 ). Vein 1-M 1.1× as long as M+CU, 3.9× as long as 1r-m. Subbasal cell closed, but 1-1A very delicate and spectral; SR tubular only next to insertion, remainder spectral, 2-M spectral through. Vein m-cu absent.

Metasoma. 1.25× as long as head plus mesosoma length. First metasomal tergite 3.6× as long as apical width, apex 1.6× as wide as base (as Fig. 6 ); dorsal carinae convergent basally, continuing as a median carina on basal twofifths; dorsope absent; surface reticulate rugulose. Second metasomal tergite coriaceous, remainder tergites smooth. Ovipositor sheath very short, its length less than 0.1× length of first metasomal tergite, with a tuft of setae apically ( Fig. 7 ).

Color. Head mostly yellow, except frons, stemmaticum, epicranial suture dark brown; mandible margins and teeth, and flagellum brown; eyes brownish gray. Mesosoma with propleuron and pronotum yellow; mesoscutum yellowish to brown; remaining brown to dark brown. Legs yellowish to brown. Wings hyaline, venation and pterostigma light brown to brown.

Male. Similar to female. Body length 4.7–5.3 mm; fore wing length 2.4–2.9 mm; hind wing length 0.7–2.0 mm. Head in dorsal view 1.4× as wide as mesosoma; shortest distance from occiput to stemmaticum 2.2–2.6× stemmaticum height; shortest distance between inner margins of lateral ocelli 1.2–1.6× maximum diameter of ocellus; shortest distance from between outer margin of lateral ocellus and margin of eye 0.9–1.1× stemmaticum width. In lateral view, head 1.5–1.7× as long as high; temple 2.2–2.7× as long as eye. Eye 0.7–0.9× as long as high. Mandible 1.7–1.9× as long as apical width, apex 0.7–0.9× as wide as base. Face 1.8–1.95× as wide as high. Face 1.15–1.4× as wide as clypeus, 2.2–2.5× as high as clypeus. Clypeus 3.3–3.9× as wide as high. Paraclypeal fovea occupying 0.4–0.5× of distance from lateral margin of clypeus to eye. Maxillary palp 0.2–03× as long as head. First flagellomere 3.35–3.7× as long as wide, 1.2–1.35× as long as second flagellomere. Second flagellomere 3.1–3.7× as long as wide. Third flagellomere 2.4–2.8× as long as wide. Tenth flagellomere 1.9–2.0 as long as wide. Antenna 0.9–0.95× as long as body, with 38–43 flagellomeres. Mesosoma 2.6–2.9× as long as high, 2.95–3.1× as long as wide, 1.9–2.1× as long as head. Mesoscutum 0.7–0.8× as wide as long, its width 0.8–1.0× mesosoma height. Occasionally, notauli slightly separated of mesoscutal pit and mesoscutal pit connected to margin anterior of scutellar sulcus. Scutellar sulcus 2.5–3.05× as wide as long. Hind femur 3.25–3.5× as long as wide. Hind tibia 8.2–9.7× as long as its maximum subapical width, 0.8–0.85× as long as hind tarsus. First segment of hind tarsus 1.8–2.1× as long as second segment. Fore wing 0.5–0.55× as long as body. Pterostigma 1.1–1.4× as long as vein 1- R1. Vein 1-SR+M 0.7–1.0× as long as 2-SR; 2-SR+M 0.5–0.8× as long as 2-SR; cu-a 1.0–1.15× as long as 1-CU1; 2-CU1 1.0–1.3× as long as m-cu. Hind wing 6.05–6.4× as long as wide, with vein 1-M 1.0–1.3× as long as M+CU, 3.8–4.3× as long as 1r-m. First metasomal tergite 4.0–4.35× as long as apical width. Metasoma 1.3–1.55× as long as head plus mesosoma length. Color of vertex, frons and mesoscutum variating between yellow to brown.

Etymology. This species name refers to the elongate shape of the head.

Distribution. Brazil, State of Minas Gerais, São Roque de Minas, rupestrian grassland.

Biology/Ecology. Host unknow. All specimens reported here were collected in quartzitic rupestrian grassland, a shrubby herbaceous vegetation associated with exposed rocks, characterized by a high endemism of vegetal species.

Comments. Coelinius longicephalus sp. nov. is very similar to Coelinius canastra . Both species are known only from the Chapadão da Canastra, an extensive plateau with quartzitic base, at altitudes between 1200 and 1500 m. In this plateau, sandy, stony, and waterlogged grassland habitats, rock outcrops, gallery forests, and relict hilltop forest patches are the most common habitats ( Fernandes, 2016).

Coelinius longicephalus sp. nov. can be distinguished from the C. canastra by the following characteristics: head shape (in dorsal view, 0.9× as wide as long in C. longicephalus sp. nov., 1.1× in C. canastra , Figs 18 and 9 , respectively), temple shape (in lateral view, 2.0–2.7× as long as eye and protruding posterior-apically in C. longicephalus sp. nov., 1.45–1.8× and rounded in C. canastra , Figs 19 and 10 , respectively); color of head (yellow in C. longicephalus sp. nov. and brown in C. canastra ); development of dorsope in first metasomal tergite (absent in C. longicephalus sp. nov. and present in C. canastra , although shallow); mandible shape (1.7–1.9× as long as apical width in C. longicephalus sp. nov., 2.0–2.2× in C. canastra , Figs 20 and 11 , respectively); clypeus shape (3.2–3.9× as long as high in C. longicephalus sp. nov. and 2.65–3.0× in C. canastra ); mesosoma elongation (2.6–2.9× as long as high in C. longicephalus sp. nov. and 2.2–2.4× in C. canastra ); veins length ratio cu-a/1-CU1 (1.0–1.15× in C. longicephalus sp. nov., 0.4–0.8× in C. canastra ).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Coelinius longicephalus sp. nov. (female, holotype). Habitus, lateral view.

FIGURES 2–7. Coelinius longicephalus sp. nov. (2–5 and 7 female, holotype; 6 male, paratype). 2. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. 3. Head and mesosoma, lateral view. 4. Head and basal antennae, anterior view. 5. Propodeum, dorsal view. 6. First metassomal tergite, dorsal view. 7. Apex metasomal, lateral view.

FIGURE 8. Coelinius longicephalus sp. nov. Wings. Pt: pterostigma; 1: first subdiscal cell; 2: subbasal cell.

FIGURES 9–23. 9–11. Coelinius canastra Souza-Gessner & Penteado-Dias; 12–14. Coelinius itamonte Souza-Gessner & Penteado-Dias; 15–17. Coelinius kali Souza-Gessner & Penteado-Dias; 18–20. Coelinius longicephalus sp. nov.; 21–23. Coelinius lux Souza-Gessner & Penteado-Dias; 9, 12, 15, 18, 21 head, dorsal view, scale bar = 0.5 mm; 10, 13, 16, 19, 22 head, lateral view, scale bar = 0.5 mm; 11, 14, 17, 20, 23 mandible, lateral view, scale bar = 0.2 mm.