Synagelides furcatoides, Li & Cheng & Wang & Yang & Peng, 2023

Li, Bing, Cheng, Yi, Wang, Qi, Yang, Sufang & Peng, Xianjin, 2023, Three new species of the genus Synagelides Strand, 1906 (Araneae, Salticidae) from Yunnan, China, Zootaxa 5258 (2), pp. 211-223 : 212-216

Synagelides furcatoides sp. nov.

Figures 1–14 , 36

Type material. Holotype: ♁, CHINA: Yunnan, Tengchong County, Mangbang Township, Hongdoushu Village , 24.55051°N, 98.35455°E, elevation: 1790 m, 06 June 2006, Chang-Min Yin, Jia-Fang Hu, Ming-Wei Yang and ShaoXian He leg. (HUN-YHY33) . Paratypes: 8♁ 2♀. CHINA: Yunnan, 1♁, Fugong County, Lumadeng Township, Shibali Village , 500 m radius of guesthouse, 27.16519°N, 98.77891°E, elevation: 2525 m, 1–7 May 2004, Charles Griswold and David Kavanaugh leg. (HUN-CGY24); 1♁, Fugong County , Lishadi Township , Shibali Village , 27.17746°N, 98.75527°E, elevation: 2820 m, 03 May 2004, Charles Griswold and David Kavanaugh leg. (HUNCGY22) ; 2♀, Fugong County, Lishadi Township, 0.4 Km SE from Shibali Village , Forest along shelf above Yamu river , 27.16337°N, 98.78208°E, elevation: 2475 m, 05 May 2004, Charles Griswold and David Kavanaugh leg. (HUN-CGY29); 1♁, Fugong County , Lishadi Township , 0.4 Km SE from Shibali Village , Forest along shelf above Yamu river , 27.16337°N, 98.78208°E, elevation: 2475 m, 08 May 2004, Charles Griswold, David Kavanaugh and Heng-mei Yan leg. (HUN-CGY37); 3♁, Longyang County , Bawan Township , Nankang Yakou, Understory of Good forest on E-facing slope, 24.83104°N, 98.76864°E, elevation: 2210 m, 23 May 2005, Heng-Mei Yan & Ke-Ji Guo leg. (HUN-GKJ016); 1♁, Longyang County , Bawan Township , Sancha River , 24.94755°N, 98.75564°E, elevation: 2300 m, 03 June 2005, Heng-Mei Yan, Ke-Ji Guo and Hong-Bin Liang leg. (HUN-GKJ039); 1♁, Tengchong County , Jietou Township , Datang Village , 25.76778°N, 98.70806°E, elevation: 2430 m, 17 May 2006, Xian-Jin Peng, XinPing Wang and Peng Hu leg. (HUN-Peng060517) .

Etymology. The specific name is a combination of the Latin “ furcae- ” (fork) and “- oideo ” (seem), referring to the bottom of the palpal bulb being fork-shaped and similar to S. furcatus ; adjective.

Diagnosis. The new species resembles S. hortonensis ( Kanesharatnam & Benjamin, 2020, figs 1A–G, 2A–E, 3A–E) in having slender and weak embolus, strong retrolateral tibial apophysis, and obvious intermediate tibial apophysis ( Kanesharatnam & Benjamin 2020, figs 1D–G, 2A–C), but can be distinguished by: (1) the presence of terminal apophysis, the bulb with two proximal lobes, and the tibia with four apophyses ( Figs 1–3 , 11–12 ), while the terminal apophysis is absent, the bulb has one proximal lobe, and the tibia has two apophyses in S. hortonensis ( Kanesharatnam & Benjamin 2020, figs 1D–G, 2A–C); (2) the embolus slender in ventral view ( Figs 2 , 11 ), while the embolus is broad at the spiral base in S. hortonensis ( Kanesharatnam & Benjamin 2020, figs 1D–E, 2B); (3) the copulatory openings located on the posterior margin of epigynum in ventral view ( Figs 4–5 , 13 ), while the copulatory openings are located on the median area of epigynum in S. hortonensis ( Kanesharatnam & Benjamin 2020, figs 2D, 3D); (4) the copulatory ducts long and narrow with thin wall ( Figs 6 , 14 ), while the copulatory ducts are short and stout with thick wall in S. hortonensis ( Kanesharatnam & Benjamin 2020, figs 2E, 3E).

Description. Male (holotype). Total length 4.52. Carapace 1.86 long, 1.19 wide. Abdomen 2.46 long, 1.49 wide. Clypeus height 0.10. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.38, ALE 0.20, PLE 0.21, AER 0.97, PER 1.05, EFL 0.94. Thoracic groove dark brown, arc-shaped. Cervical and radial grooves obvious. Chelicerae with two promarginal and one retromarginal tooth ( Fig. 9 ). Leg measurements: I 3.22 (1.06, 0.69, 0.73, 0.74), II 2.41 (0.74, 0.85,0.48, 0.34), III 2.45 (0.66, 0.82, 0.68, 0.29), IV 3.55 (1.02, 1.28, 0.84, 0.41). Leg formula: IV–I–III–II. Tibiae I with four ventral macrosetae while metatarsi I with two pairs of ventral macrosetae ( Fig. 10 ). Abdomen ( Fig. 8 ) long oval, dorsum with five herringbone stripes and a pair of apodemes in the middle, and small diagonal gray stripes on both sides; venter gray, anterior with grayish spots, posterior dark gray with irregular stripes. Spinnerets yellow.

Palp ( Figs 1–3 , 11–12 ). Crack of palpal bulb extending to lateral edge; distal lobe strong, with a bifurcate tip; bulb with two proximal lobes and the lower one longer; length of retrolateral tibial apophysis 1.5 times as its width; intermediate tibial apophysis wide and short, approximately trapezoidal, with blunt end; ventral tibial apophysis strong, and slightly longer than intermediate tibial apophysis; distal tibial apophysis three times longer than wide; postero-retrolateral cymbial apophysis short, subequal to 1/5 of the length of cymbium; embolus slender, accompanied by membrane; terminal apophysis wide and centrally concaved.

Female (paratype, HUN-CGY24). Total length 4.42. Carapace 1.72 long, 1.21 wide. Abdomen 2.48 long, 1.59 wide. Clypeus height 0.08. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.39, ALE 0.21, PLE 0.20, AER 0.99, PER 1.06, EFL 0.94. Leg measurements: I 3.19 (1.06, 1.46, 0.38, 0.29), II 2.37 (0.78, 0.87, 0.41, 0.31), III 2.54 (0.71, 0.84, 0.68, 0.31), IV 3.72 (0.99, 1.48, 0.91, 0.34). Leg formula: IV–I–III–II. All of the body, markings, and other morphological features same as in male.

Epigynum ( Figs 4–6 , 13–14 ). The length of the epigynum about 3/4 of its width; the epigynal hoods located central-posteriorly; two fossae small, occupying 1/13 of the epigynal plate, with distinctly arcuated rims; copulatory openings located posteriorly; the width of the median septum about 1/5 of the epigynal width; copulatory ducts long and hook-shaped, ascending obliquely and then extending transverse, near terminally with short bar-shaped gland ducts; spermathecae with two chambers, anterior chamber of spermathecae pear-shaped, posterior chamber of spermathecae kidney-shaped; junction duct of spermathecae long and narrow.

Distribution. China (Yunnan Province, Fig. 36 ).

Figures

FIGURE 36. Distribution map of the new species of Synagelides, with triangle referring to S. furcatoides sp. nov., circle to S. furcatus sp. nov. and square to S. montiformis sp. nov..

FIGURES 1–3. Synagelides furcatoides sp. nov. 1 male holotype, left palp, prolateral view; 2 Same, ventral view; 3 Same, retrolateral view. Scale bars: 1–3 = 0.10 mm.

FIGURES 4–10. Synagelides furcatoides sp.nov. (4–7. female paratype; 8–10.male holotype).4–5.Female paratype, epigynum, ventral view; 6. Same, vulva, dorsal view; 7. Female body, dorsal view; 8. Male body, dorsal view; 9. Male chelicerae, posterior view; 10. Male leg I, ventral view. Scale bars: 4–6, 9 = 0.10 mm; 7–8, 10 = 1.00 mm.

FIGURES 11–14. Synagelides furcatoides sp. nov. (11–12. male holotype; 13–14. female paratype). 11. Male left male palp, ventral view; 12. Same, retrolateral view; 13. Female epigynum, ventral view; 14. Same, vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: 11–14 = 0.10 mm.