Rhyphelia bilineata, Nobre & Ruiz, 2024

Nobre, Welington B. & Ruiz, Gustavo R. S., 2024, On the boundary of the jumping spider genus Rhyphelia Simon, 1902 (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini), with description of ten new species, Zootaxa 5418 (5), pp. 471-500 : 484-485

Rhyphelia bilineata sp. nov.

Figs 3D , 8A–8D , 9A–9C , 10A–10F , 11A–11D , 12A–12D

Type material. Holotype: ♂ from Mata Samuel de Paula , Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural , Nova Lima, Minas Gerais, Brazil (20°S, 43.867°W), 12–18.X.2006, J.P.P. Pena-Barbosa et al. leg. ( UFMG 2933 ) . Paratypes: 1♂ 1♀, female from Estação Ecológica da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizinte, Minas Gerais, Brazil (19.874°S 43.972°W), IX.2000, unknown coll. (UFMG 8298) .

Etymology. The epithet, to be treated as a Latin adjective, is due to two bands of white stripes present dorsally, extending from the anterior region of the cephalic area to the end of the abdomen.

Diagnosis. The male of R. bilineata sp. nov. is similar to those of R. crispiventer ( Ruiz, 2011) comb. nov. and R. excentrica ( Ruiz, 2013) comb. nov. by the long embolus coiled clockwise (left palp; in most species with long embolus, the embolus coils anti-clockwise). As in R. crispiventer , the base of the embolus is hidden distally under the rounded tegulum (dislocated prolaterally in R. excentrica ), but the embolus is longer in R. bilineata sp. nov. ( Figs 10A–10C ) when comparing to R. crispiventer (see Ruiz 2011: figs 10–12). Those three species share a cluster of modified bristles ventrally on the posterior region of the abdomen ( Figs 8B , 12 ). R. bilineata sp. nov. is also easily distinguished from other species by having a pair of bands of white scale on the dorsum of the carapace and abdomen (in both male and female). The female differs from those of other species by having a complete loop in the initial portion of copulatory duct ( Fig. 10E ).

Description. Male holotype. Total length: 1.94. Carapace dark brown; cephalic region black ( Fig. 8A ); 0.98 long, 0.67 wide, 0.42 high. Ocular quadrangle 0.44; anterior eye row 0.71, posterior 0.67 wide. Chelicera, labium, endite, sternum and palp cream-colored ( Fig. 8B ). RTA long ( Fig. 10C ). Leg formula: 3412; length of legs: I 1.32 (0.44 + 0.19 + 0.29 + 0.21 + 0.19), II 1.10 (0.34 + 0.15 + 0.23 + 0.21 + 0.17), III 1.65 (0.57 + 0.23 + 0.32 + 0.34 + 0.19), IV 1.63 (0.51 + 0.19 + 0.32 + 0.38 + 0.23). Legs cream-colored. Tibia I macrosetae not well developed. Abdomen dorsally dark brown ( Fig. 8A ); ventrally cream-colored ( Fig. 8B ). Spinnerets cream-colored. Anterior lateral spinneret with one major ampullate spigot ( Fig. 11C : smaller red arrows) and three or four piriform spigots ( Fig. 11C : yellow arrows); posterior median spinneret apparently with only one minor ampullate spigot ( Fig. 11C : larger red arrows); posterior lateral spigot with a pair of aciniform spigots ( Fig. 11C : green arrows).

Female paratype. Total Length: 2.28. Carapace as in male ( Fig. 8C ); 1.07 long, 0.75 wide, 0.52 high. Ocular quadrangle 0.57; anterior eye row 0.79, posterior 0.67 wide. Chelicera, labium, endite, sternum and palp yellow ( Fig. 8D ). Leg formula: 4312; length of legs: I 1.65 (0.52 + 0.27 + 0.38 + 0.27 + 0.21), II 1.45 (0.46 + 0.25 + 0.30 + 0.23 + 0.21), III 1.73 (0.57 + 0.27 + 0.36 + 0.32 + 0.21), IV 1.89 (0.57 + 0.23 + 0.42 + 0.42 + 0.25). Legs yellow. Macrosetae as in male. Abdomen as in male, without modified ventral bristles. Epigyne with crescent-shaped copulatory openings facing each other, long ducts and elliptical spermathecae ( Figs 3D , 10D–10F ). Spinnerets cream-colored.

Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Minas Gerais, Brazil) ( Fig. 23 ).

Figures

FIGURE 3. Rhyphelia brevistylus sp. nov. A–B male holotype, left palp (A ventral view; B retrolateral view); C epigyne, ventral view. D Rhyphelia bilineata sp. nov. epigyne, ventral view.

FIGURE 8. Rhyphelia bilineata sp. nov. A–B male holotype (A dorsal view; B ventral view); C–D female (C dorsal view; D ventral view). Arrow in B shows cluster of modified setae.

FIGURE 9. Rhyphelia bilineata sp. nov. A–C male holotype, left palp (A prolateral view; B ventral view; C retrolateral view).

FIGURE 10. Rhyphelia bilineata sp. nov. A–C male holotype, left palp (A prolateral view; B ventral view; C retrolateral view). D–F epigyne (D ventral view; E same, cleared; F dorsal view).

FIGURE 11. Rhyphelia bilineata sp. nov. A–B male, dorsal view; C spinnerets [red arrows: major (anterior lateral spinneret) and minor (posterior median spinneret) ampullate gland spigots; yellow arrows: piriform gland spigots; green arrows: aciniform gland spigots). D left male palp, prolateral view. Arrow shows the paraembolic apophysis.

FIGURE 12. Rhyphelia bilineata sp. nov., males, ventral view. A and C male 1; B and D male 2.

FIGURE 23. Map with individual symbols for the new species of Rhyphelia described herein (species previously described and recorded are mapped as red triangles and were separate in the previous map). Brazilian states are in italics.