Hipposideros gentilis, K Andersen, 1918

Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Hipposideridae, Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, pp. 227-258 : 254

72.

Andersen’s Leaf-nosed Bat

Hipposideros gentilis

French: Phyllorhine d’Andersen / German: Andersen-Rundblattnase / Spanish: Hiposidérido de Andersen

Other common names: Andersen's Roundleaf Bat, Exotic Leaf-nosed Bat

Taxonomy. Hipposideros gentilis K Andersen, 1918 ,

“Thayetmyo, Burma [= Myanmar].”

Previously considered a subspecies of H. pomona , but here considered distinct based on its larger size. Its true position in the phylogeny is unknown, and its taxonomy requires further study. Subspecific limits remain unclear, and they may prove to be two distinct species with an overlapping range. Two subspecies recognized.

Subspecies and Distribution.

H.g.gentilisKAndersen,1918-Nepal,NEIndia,Bangladesh,Myanmar,Thailand,PeninsularMalaysia,andAndamanIs.

H. g. sinensis K. Andersen, 1918 -S & SE China (including Hainan I), Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia.

Descriptive notes. Head-body 36 mm, tail 28-35 mm, ear 18-25 mm, hindfoot 6-9 mm, forearm 38-43 mm. Dorsal pelage of Andersen’s Leaf-nosed Bat is generally dark brown, with paler bases; ventral side is slightly paler. Noseleaf is wide and rounded, with no lateral supplementary leaflet. Intemarial septum is parallel-sided. Rostrum is narrow and poorly inflated. Baculum is very small, with straight shaft and simple blunt base and tip.

Habitat. Andersen’s Leaf-nosed Bat was captured in primary and secondary forests; also in orchards, and robber and oil-palm plantations. It is common in karst habitats throughout its range.

Food and Feeding. Andersen’s Leaf-nosed Bat was captured c.0-5-3 m aboveground in gaps in the forest understory.

Breeding. Females were found pregnant and lactating from March to June.

Activity patterns. Andersen’s Leaf-nosed Bat roosts in caves, rock crevices, hollow trees, pipes, and old houses. Call frequency is 120-140 kHz.

Movements, Home range and Social organization. Andersen’s Leaf-nosed Bat roosts in small groups of a few individuals or in colonies of several hundreds. In Thailand, it shares the same caves—but different chambers—with Least Leaf-nosed Bats { H. cineraceus ), Great Himalayan Leaf-nosed Bats ( H. armiger ), Thailand Leaf-nosed Bats (Ä halophyllus ), Shield-faced Leaf-nosed Bats (Ä ZyZri), Dobson’s Horseshoe Bats { Rhinolophus yunanensis ), and Kitti’s Hog-nosed Bats { Craseonycteris thonglongyai).

Status and Conservation. Not assessed as a separate species on The IUCN Red List, where it is included under the Pomona Leaf-nosed Bat (AE /jowcwzz) as Least Concern. Limestone mining, and quarrying may be threats for some populations outside protected areas.

Bibliography. Bates, Bumrungsri, Csorba, Molur & Srinivasulu (2008a), Corbet & Hill (1992), Douangboubpha, Bumrungsri, Soisook, Satasook eta/. (2010), Francis (2008a), Simmons (2005).

Figures

67. Timor Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros crumeniferus), 68. Bornean Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros doriae), 69. Durga Das’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros durgadasi), 70. Dayak Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros dyacorum), 71. House-dwelling Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros einnaythu), 72. Andersen’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros gentilis), 73. Fulvus Leaf-nosed (Bat Hipposiderosfulvus), 74. Thailand Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros halophyllus), 75. Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros hypophyllus), 76. Phou Khao Khouay Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros khaokhouayensis), 77. Kunz’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros kunzi), 78. Big-eared Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros macrobullotus), 79. Maggie Taylor’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros maggietaylorae), 80. Malayan Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros nequam), 81. Nicobar Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros nicobarulae), 82. Philippine Forest Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros obscurus), 83. Orbiculus Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros orbiculus), 84. Biak Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros papua), 85. Pomona Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros pomona), 86. Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros pygmaeus), 87. Ridley’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros ridleyi), 88. Laotian Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros rotalis)

Subspecies and Distribution. H.g.gentilisKAndersen,1918-Nepal,NEIndia,Bangladesh,Myanmar,Thailand,PeninsularMalaysia,andAndamanIs. H. g. sinensis K. Andersen, 1918 -S & SE China (including Hainan I), Thailand , Laos , Vietnam , and Cambodia .