Hyponotum, Wittmer, 1949

Constantin, Robert, 2020, A contribution to the genera Plectonotum Gorham and Hyponotum Wittmer, with the description of sixteen new species from Peru (Coleoptera, Cantharidae), Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Pap. Avulsos Zool., S. Paulo) 60 (34), pp. 1-27 : 22-23

Key to the South American species of Hyponotum

1. Head and pronotum dull,coarsely punctate.Lateral edges of pronotum with a short bead on the anterior part...................................................................... 2

— Head and pronotum thinly punctate,the punctations considerably narrower than the intervals.Pronotum without noticeable bead..................................... 4

2. Lateral edges of the pronotum arcuate;posterior angles right.................................................................................................... H.pyrocephalum (Solier,1849)

— Lateral edges of the pronotum straight in the middle part;posterior angles obtuse.................................................................................................................3

3. Head narrowly dark spotted on the vertex or entirely red, pronotum red................................................................................................ H.penai Wittmer,1980

— Head red with black vertex,pronotum red...................................................................................................................................... H.elongatum Wittmer,1980

4. Length over 6.0 mm. Pronotum yellow with black marks;anterior edge arcuate,lateral edges without visible bead on the front corners............................... 5

— Length under 5.5 mm. Pronotum red or black;distinct front angle,the front margin and the lateral margins separate,usually with a vestigial bead............. 9

5. Pronotum orange red with a small transverse median brown patch on the disc, and two brown patches on the sides,strongly punctate, the punctations as wide as their intervals. Chile............................................................................................................................................................ H.trisignatum ( Pic,1926)

— Pronotum yellow with a median light-brown line and,usually,a wide lateral black border ..................................................................................................... 6

6. Males:antennomeres III-IV broader than long. Elytra thinly,not seriately punctate. Argentina................................................ H.simplicicorne ( Wittmer,1951)

— Males:antennomeres III-IV at least longer than broad.............................................................................................................................................................. 7

7. Males:antennomere III with subparallel sides,four times longer than broad. Chile.............................................................................. H.grandicolle (Pic,1928)

— Males:antennomere III elongate,triangular,at most twice as long as broad............................................................................................................................ 8

8. Elytral punctation strong,subseriately disposed,the margins not upturned.Males:antennomere IV 1.2 times longer than III. Chile... H. chilense Wittmer,1957

— Elytral punctation thin,not seriate,the lateral margins explanate and slightly upturned.Males:antennomere IV 1.8 times longer than III. Chile..................... ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... H.mimicum Wittmer,1949

9. Head orange-red or yellow...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10

— Head bicolour,mostly black ....................................................................................................................................................................................................14

10. Head, pronotum and elytra testaceous yellow. Head and pronotum surface smooth. Lateral margins of pronotum wide, explanate and slightly upturned. Chile............................................................................................................................................................................................... H.flavulum Wittmer,1980

— Pronotum red or black;elytra black.........................................................................................................................................................................................11

11. Elytra black,without yellow margins...................................................................................................................................................................................... 12

— Elytra black,with thin yellow sutural and lateral edging ........................................................................................................................................................ 13

12. Scutellum black. Chile......................................................................................................................................................................... H.krausei (Philippi,1861)

— Scutellum red. Chile..................................................................................................................................................................................... H.solieri (Pic,1906)

13. Length 3.8-4.5 mm.Males:antennomere IV 2.5 times longer than III.Elytra with a yellow sutural and lateral yellow border well delimited. Chile.................. ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... H. albocinctum ( Pic,1926)

— Length 3.0- 3.5 mm.Males:antennomere IV 2 times longer than III.Elytra with suture and lateral margins paler than disc. Chile.... H.liliputanum Wittmer 1950

14. Elytra yellow. Head bicolorous, black behind, yellow in front of the eyes. Pronotum yellow with a wide discal black patch. Head and pronotum strongly punctate,their intervals slightly alutaceous.Elytral punctations disposed in irregular rows. Chile........................................ H.unifoveolatum Wittmer,1980

— Elytra black or dark blue..........................................................................................................................................................................................................15

15. Pronotum mostly or entirely red .............................................................................................................................................................................................16

— Pronotum black or blue........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18

16. Pronotum red with two wide black patches on the anterior angles. Chile............................................................................................... H.collare (Solier,1849)

— Pronotum entirely red............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 17

17. Males:antennomeres IV-VII with emarginate postero-ventral edge. Chile..................................................................................................... H. reedi ( Pic,1926)

— Males:antennomeres not emarginate,the sides subparallel. Chile............................................................................................................. H.ruficolle ( Pic,1926

18. Head as wide as pronotum.Elytra with coarse punctation ( Figs.21 , 44 ). Peru................................................................................... H.macrocephalum sp.nov.

— Head narrower than pronotum.Elytra thinly punctate............................................................................................................................................................19

19. Elytra violet blue.Males:antennomeres IV-VII with emarginate posterior-ventral edge.Head and pronotum smooth. Argentina.. H. violaceipenne (Pic,1928)

— Elytra black.Males:antennae simple,without emarginate antennomeres.............................................................................................................................20

20. Elytra thinly and irregularly punctate,with adpressed whitish pubescence.Pronotal lateral margin widest near the basal corners. Chile ( Figs.23 , 46 ) ............ ................................................................................................................................................................................................ H. philippii ( Gemminger,1870)

— Elytra subseriately and coarsely punctate,with semi-erected,short and long whitish setae.Margins of the pronotum entirely furrowed ( Figs.22 , 45 ). Peru... .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... H. succhabamba sp.nov.

Figures

Figures 17-23. Plectonotum and Hyponotum species,habitus dorsal. (17) Plectonotum oxapampa sp. nov.; (18) P.peruanum Wittmer. (19) P.rubrithorax sp. nov.; (20) P.shipasbamba sp.nov.;(21) Hyponotum macrocephalum sp.nov.;(22) H. succhabamba sp.nov.;(23)H. philippii (Gemminger).

Figures 36-46. Plectonotum and Hyponotum, head and pronotum. (36) Plectonotum longissimum (Pic); (37) P. luteipes sp. nov.; (38) P. martinezi Wittmer; (39) P.neoruficolle nom. nov.;(40) P.oxapampasp. nov.;(41) P.peruanum Wittmer.(42) P.rubrithorax sp.nov.;(43) P.shipasbamba sp.nov.;(44) Hyponotum macrocephalum sp.nov.;(45) H.succhabamba sp.nov.; (46) H.philippii (Gemminger).