Linevitshia Makarchenko

Makarchenko, Eugenyi A. & Semenchenko, Alexander A., 2014, Morphological redescription and DNA barcoding of Linevitshia prima Makarchenko, 1987 (Diptera: Chironomidae: Diamesinae) from Amur River basin (Russian Far East), with notes on systematics of the genus, Zootaxa 3872 (4), pp. 355-364 : 356-357

Genus Linevitshia Makarchenko

Linevitshia Makarchenko, 1987: 205 .

Linevitshia Makarchenko : Brundin 1989: 27, Fig. 4.3; Saether et al. 2000: 134, Fig. 144; Ashe & O’Conner 2009: 292. Type species: Linevitshia prima Makarchenko, 1987 , by original designation and monotypy.

Generic diagnosis (emended). Adult male. Small to middle sized, up to 4.5 mm. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres. AR about 1. Eyes reniform, slightly pubescent. Clypeus without setae. Antepronotum with U-shaped notch in frontal view. Antepronotals in separate median and lateral clusters, the acrostichal and dorsocentral stripes connected posteriorly. Posterior anepisternum II and epimeron II with setae. Wing with setae on squama, alula and veins R, R1, R4+5; membrane without macrotrichia; R2+3 indistinct; costa extends beyond R4+5. Tergite IX without anal point. Gonocoxite simple, inferior and superior volsellae reduced. Sternapodeme broadly arched; phallapodeme long; aedeagal lobe large, forked distally. Gonostylus in distal part with long and strong setae and 1–4 apical megasetae ( Figs. 1–7 , 24, 25 ).

Pupa. Middle sized, up to 4.7 mm. Exuviae yellow or brownish-yellow. Frontal short hair-like setae present on frontal apotome. Frontal apotome slightly granulated or smooth, without tubercles or warts ( Fig. 8 ). Antepronotum with 3 median and 2 lateral antepronotals. Thoracic horn absent. Four precorneals present. Tergites and sternites I–VIII with slender shagreen better visible in lateral parts. Tergites III–VII and sternites III–VII with posterior transverse row of large and more dark thorn-like spines; size of these spines on tergites and sternites subequal ( Figs. 9 , 26 ); tergite VIII also with posterior row but small spines. Posterior margin of sternite VIII with long and triangular, apically rounded caudal lobe (male) ( Fig. 10 ) or with 2 short and rounded caudal lobes (female) ( Fig. 11 ). Abdominal setation: tergites I–VII with 5 D setae, some setae moved to lateral part; VIII with 2 D setae. Segments I with 2 L setae, II–VIII with 4 L setae. Anal lobe with 3 strong needle-shaped anal macrosetae and 2 very short and hair-like lateral setae (not well visible in all specimens); median setae and apical tubercle absent ( Figs. 10–11 ). Male genital sac not extended beyond the anal lobe.

Larva, 4th instar. Size up to 7 mm. Head capsule with numerous pale, long, simple or divided into 2–3 branches setae; postoccipital margin without or with weak ventrolateral, posteriorly-directed projections, absent in some case ( Figs. 13–14 ). Antenna with 4 segments; segment 3 non-annulate; style longer than segment 3 (Fig. 23). Labral setae S I long and divided into some branches; lamellae consisting of a semicircular row of broad, overlapping scales some of which apically serrate (Fig. 18). Pecten epipharyngis consists of 3 coarsely long and pointed scales. Premandible narrow, with 6 inner teeth; lateral spine absent ( Fig. 17 ). Mandible with long apical tooth and 4 subequal teeth; seta subdentalis reduced; seta interna with some simple branches (Fig. 19). Mentum with 3 pairs of lateral teeth and wide dome-shaped median tooth; ventromental plate small (Figs. 20–21, 27–28). Maxillary palp longer than wide. M appendage of the premento-hypopharyngeal complex deeply divided into lamellae (Figs. 22, 27). Abdominal setae short and thin, pale. Procercus longer than wide, bearing 5–6 anal setae. Anterior and posterior parapods separate, each bearing an apical group of irregularly placed claws.

Comments. After having analyzed all the data on adults, pupae and larvae the genus Linevitshia can now be assigned in the tribe Protanypodini , so far represented by the only genus Protanypus Kieffer. Main differences between these genera are given in the key below.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 7. Linevitshia prima Makarchenko, male. 1, hypopygium in dorsal view (Hokkaido, Japan); 2, 4, gonostylus in various aspects (holotype, Frolovka River, Primorye Territory, Russia); 3, 5 – 7, gonocoxite and gonostylus from Hokkaido, Japan (3, 5) and from Amur River basin, Russia (6 – 7). Scale bars: 50 µm.

FIGURES 24 – 28. Linevitshia prima Makarchenko, adult male (24 – 25), pupa (26) and larva (27 – 28). 24 – 25, hypopygium in dorsal view from Amur River basin (24) and Hokkaido (25); 26, abdomen of pupa in lateral view; 27, mentum and of premento-hypopharyngeal complex; 28, head in ventral view.

FIGURES 8 – 11. Linevitshia prima Makarchenko, pupa. 8, frontal setae on frontal apotome; 9, tergites III – IV; 10, sternite VIII and anal segment in dorsal view, male; 11, sternite VIII and anal segment in dorsal view, female. Scale bars: Fig. 8: 50 µm; Figs. 9 – 11: 200 µm.

FIGURES 12 – 17. Larva of Protanypus sp. (12) and Linevitshia prima Makarchenko (13 – 17). 12, 13 — head, in ventral view; 14, head, in dorsal view; 15, apical part of head setae; 16, branched head setae; 17, labrum. Scale bars: Figs. 15: 20 µm; Figs. 16 – 17: 50 µm. Fig. 12 after Oliver & Roussel (1983).