Anapausis clivicola, Amorim, Dalton De Souza & Balbi, Maria Isabel P. A., 2006

Amorim, Dalton De Souza & Balbi, Maria Isabel P. A., 2006, A review of Anapausis Enderlein (Diptera: Scatopsidae) in the Neotropical Region, with four new species and comments on the phylogeny of the genus, Zootaxa 1300, pp. 1-29 : 14-17

Anapausis clivicola sp. nov.

( Figs. 20–25)

Material analyzed. Holotype, male, BRAZIL, State of São Paulo, São José do Barreiro (Serra da Bocaina), 1650 m, Malaise trap, xi.1967, M. Alvarenga col. Paratype, 1 female, same date. Types at the MZSP.

Diagnosis. Male sternite 6 with short mesal notch, sternite 7 strongly lobose, aedeagus mesally sculptured, gonostyle absent. Sternite 7 deeply lobose. Female T8+9 without mesal tooth­like projection.

Description

Male. Measurements (in mm). Body length, 2.04; wing length, 1.68; wing width, 0.70. Color. Dark brown specimens, mouthparts ochre­yellowish, antennae ochre. Thoracic sclerites ochre, scutum slightly darker; legs brownish ochre, except light ochre tarsi. Wings translucent, except brownish veins, medial and cubital veins lighter. Tergites brown, sternites light brown. Terminalia brown. Head. Flagellum with 8 flagellomeres, no sensory pit on maxillary palpus ( Fig. 20), no setae on front dorsal to antennae, palpus large, frontoclypeal setae present. Thorax ( Fig. 21 ): antepronotal setae, 34; proepisternals, 5–7; proepimerals, 7; spiracular sclerite setae, 7–10; anepisternals, 9–17/8; katepisternals, 6–7; mesepimerals, 4–5/3; merals, 2–3; subspiraculars, 4–5; supra­alars, 10–11; pedicelars, 1; a number of longer scutellar setae not in regular row. Epimeron I sclerite rather large. Anteroventral edge of anepisternum with distinctive suture. Meral sclerite and episternum III of similar sizes. Wing. No ventral setae on any vein. M1 incomplete basally, beginning rather close to Rs. Setae dorsally on all veins, except A1, which is shortly produced. Wing membrane bare on cell m1, cell m2 with 2 macrotrichia, 4–5 on cell m4, 14 on anal lobe ( Fig. 22). Abdomen: Sternite 1 nearly unsclerotized. Pretergite 2 as in other species of genus. Male terminalia ( Fig. 23 ). S6 with mesal posterior notch and pair of short projections; T6 unmodified; S7 reduced to pair of large lateral setose lobes, connected by slender, bare sclerotized strip; T7 slightly rounded posteriorly; S8+9 apparently reduced to slender ventral strip, Gc and Gs unrecognizable as distinct plates; T8+9 well developed, with pair of spiracles; vesica small, aedeagus body sculptured, tubular distally; parameres well produced, with ventral sclerotized projection.

Female. As for male except as follows. Measurements (in mm). Body length, 2.32; wing length, 1.88; wing width, 0.74. Thorax. Antepronotals, 24; propisternals, 11; spiracular sclerite setae, 9; anepisterals, 15/8; katepisternals, 16; mesepimerals, 9; merals, 4; subspiraculars, 6; supra­alars, 6; no macrotrichia on cell m1, 2 on M2, 12 on m4, 20 on cuA2 and anal lobe. Female terminalia as in Figs. 24, 25 .

The presence of a pair of setose lobes laterally on S8 is a very distinctive feature, shared only with A. mourei sp. nov. As far as we are aware of, there is no other Anapausis species with these setose lobes on S8, as is true also for other genera, making this a possible synapomorphy for the clade with this pair of species. There are no evident gonapophyses 8 on the terminalia, unlike in A. mayana sp. nov. and A. wirthi sp. nov., but as in A. fuscinervis .

Etymology. The name of the species derives from the Greek word meaning hill, a reference to the mountainous area in southeastern Brazil, where the types were collected.

Comments. Anapausis clivicola sp. nov. is known from higher areas in southern Brazil and is clearly connected to a clade to which also belong A. mourei sp. nov., A. fuscinervis from Chile, A. zealandica and A. stapediformis from New Zeland, and maybe A. conspicua and A. irritata from Australia. A shared feature among them is the lack of the well­developed and distally projected S10. Actually, in these species, S10 is lobose and fits more ventrally in the terminalia. This also applies to the shape of S6, modified anteriorly, and to the lobose S7, with a slender mesal connection. M1 is not as short as in most Palearctic and Nearctic species. The male terminalia in A. clivicola sp. nov. are distinct from those of any other species in the genus, particularly for the shape of S10 and the sculptured body of the aedeagus. The female terminalia are also distinctive from the other Neotropical species by the shape of S8 and especially by the presence of the lateral setose lobes on S8. The pair of setose lobes laterally on S8 is shared only with A. mourei sp. nov. As far as we are aware, there is no other Anapausis species with these setose lobes on S8, as is true also for other genera, making this a synapomorphy for the clade with this pair of species. The absence of a pair of gonapophyses VIII on the female terminalia also connects A. clivicola with A. mourei sp. nov. and A. fuscinervis .

Figures

FIGURE 21. Anapausis clivicola. Thorax, lateral view.

FIGURE 23. Anapausis clivicola. Male terminalia, ventral view.

FIGURES 24, 25. Anapausis clivicola. Female terminalia. 24. Ventral view. 25. Dorsal view.