Hypsiboas faber (Wied-Neuwied)

Kolenc, Francisco, Borteiro, Claudio, Alcalde, Leandro, Baldo, Diego, Cardozo, Dario & Faivovich, Julián, 2008, Advertisement call and female sexual cycle in Uruguayan populations of Physalaemus henselii (Anura, Leiuperidae), Zootaxa 1927 (2), pp. 1-66 : 13-14

Hypsiboas faber (Wied-Neuwied)

Figs. 2A and 3D

External morphology.— Lot MACN 35116 , ( Figs. 5C–E). Body depressed (BMH/ BMW = 0.86 ± 0.03); body length little less than one third of total length (BL/TL = 0.31 ± 0.01); body shape oval in dorsal view, widest behind the eyes. In lateral view, ventral contour of body slightly concave in gular and branchial regions, convex in abdominal region. Snout rounded in dorsal and lateral views. Dorsal contour of body almost flat from eyes to origin of dorsal fin. Nostrils oval, rimmed, with triangular elevated projection in the medial margin ( Fig. 18C); nostrils dorsolaterally located (EN/ BWN = 0.67 ± 0.05), placed in a depression, closer to eyes than to the tip of snout (FN/ END = 1.20 ± 0.17), more visible in dorsal than in lateral view. Eyes large (E/ BWE = 0.19 ± 0.02), dorsally positioned (EO/ BWE = 0.79 ± 0.03), dorsolaterally directed, not visible in ventral view. Spiracle single, lateral, sinistral and short; its inner wall fused to body except for a variable length at its distal end; its opening oval, elevated, with diameter slightly smaller than tube diameter, located in posterior third of body (RSD/ BL = 0.74 ± 0.03), posterodorsally directed, visible in lateral and posterior views. Lateral line system visible with a unique pattern of ventrolateral aggregations of neuromasts at each side of the body, near the body-tail junction ( Figs. 15 A–E and 20A). Intestinal assa located approximately at centre of abdominal region. Vent tube starts at midline, at the posterior end of the body, reaches free margin of lower fin, opening dextral. Tail large (TAL/TL = 0.69 ± 0.01), with both fins higher than body height (MTH/ BMH = 1.12 ± 0.05). Dorsal fin originates at tail-body junction. Ventral fin origin concealed by vent tube. Tail axis straight, edges of both fins subparallel, converging at posterior third, end acutely rounded; tail musculature reaching tail tip. Oral disc ( Figs. 8D and 9B) anteroventral, not visible dorsally, small (OD/ BMW = 0.39 ± 0.04), ventrolateral folds present, well marked infraangular constriction at each side of the oral disc. Marginal papillae simple, longer than wide, subconical, with rounded tip. Dorsal gap present, but small (DG/ OD = 0.23 ± 0.03). Row of marginal papillae single or alternate on both sides of the dorsal gap, usually double at the angular regions and double or single in the posterior margin of the oral disc except at midline where they are sparse and separated in most specimens, very short ventral gap present in two specimens (stages 28 and 33); some infraangular submarginal papillae are usually present. Upper jaw sheath widely arch-shaped. Lower jaw sheath with V-shaped free margin. Jaw sheaths well developed, serrated and heavily pigmented distally. Labial tooth row formula 2(2)/4(1). Length of P4 one quarter to half the length of P2, usually fragmented. Most of the specimens have short flaps with labial teeth at the angular regions, unconnected with main rows. Tooth of all rows spatulate and slightly concave bearing 5–10 poorly-marked distal cusps ( Fig. 10C) .

Coloration in preservative.— Tadpoles at stages 25–27 body brown, venter translucent, tail and fins black, specially the distal half ( Fig. 5E). Tadpoles at later stages (33–37) body dark brown with inconspicuous dark dots in head and snout, tail light brown, with scattered dark blotches in proximal third, with dark reticulation in distal third (tail light brown with rounded dark blotches in some specimens). Belly dark. All specimens have an unpigmented spot ventrolaterally on each side of the abdomen representing aggregations of neuromasts randomly distributed.

Variation.— Lot MLP DB 5410 , N = 8, stages 25–27; and MLP DB 3890 , N = 3, stages 28–34. All tadpoles LTRF 2 (2)/4(1) —except for one tadpole stage 33 in which oral structures are destroyed. P4 very short. Row of marginal papillae single or double, usually double in angular regions, dorsal gap present in all specimens, very short ventral gap in three specimens (with one papilla in the middle in two of them, stages 26 and 28) , papillae sparse in the middle of the posterior border of the oral disc in all other specimens, usually with submarginal papillae laterally. Lateral flaps with labial teeth in 7 specimens.

Oral cavity morphology.— ( Figs. 11D and 13D).

Buccal roof: Prenarial arena scattered with at least 5 blunt pustules and a clear transversal crest. Choanae transversely oriented, with anteromedial and rounded vacuities, posterior margins forming the narial valves, and both margins undulated by the presence of small prenarial pustules, in particular the anterior one. There are about 48 pustules, 9 short and 10 long conical postnarial papillae between the lateral ridge papillae. The postnarial pustules are scattered among the papillae and also near the posterior margins of the choana. Each square-shaped lateral ridge papilla possesses 5 projections on the free margin, none predominant in size. The low, rounded and wide median ridge presents 9 undulations on its free margin. BRA is not defined; there are approximately 330 pustules and only 10 lateral short and bifid papillae on the buccal roof. Posterior area of the roof with secretory pits and dorsal velum bearing lobated margins.

Buccal floor: There are 3–5 pairs of short and digitated infralabial papillae at the level of the infrarostral cartilages (not figured). There are two long and digitiform infralabial papillae placed at the level of cartilago meckeli (not figured). The lingual anlage bears 2 long and ramified lingual papillae placed very close to each other and with a pustule near their basis. Buccal pockets mostly transversal to the axial axis. Prepocket area with 18 short and conical papillae and about 100 pustules. There are 22 long and conical papillae (4 of them bifid), 16 short and conical papillae and about 260 pustules on the BFA. The papillae are arranged in clear two V-shaped patterns, one anterior and other posterior. The ventral velum has a well-marked median notch, three weakly-marked undulations at each side of the posterior margin and many secretory pits.