Anastrepha conflua, Norrbom, Allen L. & Korytkowski, Cheslavo A., 2011

Norrbom, Allen L. & Korytkowski, Cheslavo A., 2011, New species of and taxonomic notes on Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae), Zootaxa 2740, pp. 1-23 : 2-4

Anastrepha conflua , new species

Figs. 1 , 7 , 19 , 26–28

Diagnosis. Anastrepha conflua belongs to the doryphoros species group, which also includes A. doryphoros Stone and A. freidbergi Norrbom. These species differ from other species of Anastrepha by the following combination of characters ( Norrbom et al. 1999b): eversible membrane with an elongate pattern of small scales (unique to this group); aculeus tip tapered, then parallel-sided, then tapered; scutum with nonmicrotrichose vittae; wing pattern with apical part of S-band broadly fused to V-band (in A. conflua they are completely fused in cell r2+3 and are separated only by a hyaline area in cells r4+5 and m that does not extend to vein R4+5, and the hyaline spot in cell m between the arms of the V-band does not extend beyond vein M); hyaline marginal spot distal to the apex of vein R1 broad and semicircular, its apex or middle aligned with or distal to crossvein r-m; and base of aculeus not abruptly expanded. Anastrepha conflua differs from A. doryphoros and A. freidbergi in that the basal part of the S-band is more narrowly connected to the C-band along vein R4+5 and there is a large hyaline area in cell br; the hyaline area between the basal part of the S-band and the proximal arm of the V-band extends to vein R4+5; the S-band is constricted along vein R4+5 apical to crossvein r-m (unlike in A. freidbergi , in which this part of the S-band is broad; it is constricted or interrupted in A. doryphoros ); and the hyaline spot at the apex of vein R1 extends to or almost to vein R4+5 (it extends only to R2+ 3 in A. freidbergi ). The scutal microtrichia pattern also differs. In both A. freidbergi and A. conflua the scutum is mostly microtrichose, but in A. conflua there is a pair of very thin bare areas from the transverse suture to the dorsocentral seta, whereas in A. freidbergi , there is a broader pair of bare stripes from the anterior margin to beyond the transverse suture. The eversible membrane of A. conflua is more similar to that of A. freidbergi , but the aculeus tip has a distinct subapical indentation in the lateral margin as in A. doryphoros .

Description. Mostly orange to dark orange, with white to pale yellow markings. Setae dark brown to black. Head: Yellow to orange except brown ocellar tubercle. 3–4 frontal setae; 2 orbital setae, posterior seta well developed. Ocellar seta weak or absent, at most 1.5 times as long as ocellar tubercle. Facial carina, in profile, straight dorsally and medially. Antenna extended 0.57–0.63 distance to ventral facial margin.

Thorax ( Fig. 1 ): Mostly orange to dark orange, without brown markings except one paratype with short, broad oval brown spot medially on scuto-scutellar suture; with following areas white to pale yellow (may be poorly differentiated in dry specimens): postpronotal lobe and lateral margin of scutum bordering it, not extending onto notopleuron; slender medial scutal vitta, only slightly and gradually expanded posteriorly, not extended laterally beyond acrostichal seta; paired sublateral scutal vitta from transverse suture to posterior margin, including base of intra-alar seta; entire scutellum; dorsal margins of anepisternum and katepisternum; katepimeron; and most of anatergite and katatergite. Subscutellum and mediotergite entirely orange. Mesonotum 4.70–5.00 mm long. Postpronotal lobe and scutellum entirely microtrichose; scutum entirely microtrichose or usually (3 of 4 specimens) microtrichose except for very narrow bare vitta along dorsocentral line from transverse suture to dorsocentral seta and very slightly more lateral, short vitta anterior to transverse suture; scutal setulae yellowish anteromedially, pale brownish posteriorly and laterally. Chaetotaxy typical for genus. Katepisternal seta absent.

Legs: Entirely yellow to orange.

Wing ( Fig. 7 ): Length 11.5–12.4 mm, width 4.10–4.44 mm, ratio 2.67–2.82. Apex of vein R1 at 0.54–0.56 wing length. Cell c 1.14–1.26 times as long as pterostigma; pterostigma 3.80–4.20 times as long as wide. Vein R2+3 without sharp bends or undulations. Crossvein r-m at 0.61–0.65 distance from bm-cu to dm-cu on vein M. Vein M moderately strongly curved apically; cell r4+5 0.91–1.00 times as wide at apex as at level of dm-cu. Cell bcu with distal lobe moderately long, length of bcu 1.39–1.47 times as long as anterior margin. Wing pattern mostly orange and orange brown. C-band mostly orange, fainter in cell bc and pale orange to subhyaline in large posteromedial area in cell c, slightly darker orange brown in pterostigma, and moderate brown basally in cells c, r1 and br. C-band and Sband broadly connected along vein R4+5; marginal hyaline area distal to apex of vein R1 broad and subovoid, gradually tapered posteriorly, extended to or almost to vein R4+5, its apex aligned with or distal to crossvein r-m. Hyaline area in cell br large and elongate, reaching or narrowly separated from vein R4+5 and 1.5–2.0 times as long as distal colored area of cell; cell dm with basal hyaline area large. Basal half of S-band mostly orange, most of section in cell cu1 and narrow margins except proximal margin in cell dm orange brown; distal to crossvein r-m strongly constricted along vein R4+5; distal section orange to orange brown, extremely broad, covering all of distal half of cell r2+3, separated from or narrowly touching apex of vein M; hyaline area proximal to apex of band not extended to vein R4+5 (extending one-fourth to three-fourths across cell r4+5) and faintly pale brown. V-band complete; proximal arm broad, moderate brown posteriorly but with broad medial orange area bordering most of crossvein dm-cu, extremely broadly connected to S-band along vein R4+5, on posterior margin with proximal extension half to threefourths distance to vein A1+Cu2, but fainter proximally; distal arm complete and broad, narrower posteriorly, broadly connected to proximal arm (connection extended slightly into cell m so that no hyaline area present between band and vein M) and to S-band anteriorly.

Abdomen: Mostly orange, without brown markings. Setulae brownish.

Female terminalia: Oviscape 10.5–12.2 mm long, 2.23–2.44 times as long as mesonotum, straight to slightly ventrally curved in lateral view, entirely dark orange; spiracle at basal 0.20–0.24. Eversible membrane ( Fig. 19 ) with numerous short, triangular dorsobasal scales in elongate pattern ca. 1.5 mm long. Aculeus ( Fig. 26 ) gradually ventrally curved in lateral view, 9.55 mm long (measured only on 1 paratype), 0.91 times oviscape length; in ventral view base ( Fig. 27 ) very gradually expanded, 0.23 mm wide; shaft 0.13 mm wide at midlength; tip ( Fig. 28 ) 0.29 mm long, 0.03 times aculeus length, 0.12 mm wide, 2.42 times as long as wide, rapidly tapered subbasally, then nearly parallel-sided until rapidly tapered again at distal three-fifths, then almost parallel-sided except for triangular apex, nonserrate, 0.07 mm wide in lateral view, 0.58 times ventral width. Spermathecae ovoid.

Distribution. Anastrepha conflua is known only from Costa Rica.

Biology. The host plants and other aspects of the biology of this species other than dates of capture of adults are unknown.

Type data. Holotype Ψ ( INBio INBioCRI0004073743), COSTA RICA: Alajuela: Guatuso, Sitio Catarata Río Buenavista, LN 298474 428857, 700– 800 m, Tp. Luz [light trap], 23 Mar 2007, J. A. Azofeifa. Paratypes: COSTA RICA: Alajuela: Parque Nacional Volcán Tenorio, Río Roble - 3 cataratas, LN 296900 426100, 900– 1000 m., Tp. Luz [light trap], 30 Jun 2006, J. A. Azofeifa, 1Ψ ( USNM INBioCRI0004023086). Guanacaste: Parq. Nac. Guanacaste, 9 km. S of Santa Cecilia, Estación Pitilla, 11°N 85°26'W, LN 330200 380200, 700 m, 21 Mar – 6 Apr 1993, C. Moraga, 1Ψ ( USNM INBioCRI001391699); Zona Prot. Tenorio, Tierras Morenas, Río San Lorenzo, 10°34'N 85°2'W, LN 287800 427600, 1050 m, Nov 1992, G. Rodriguez, 1Ψ ( INBio INBioCRI000949584).

Etymology. The name of this species is a Latin adjective, meaning flowing together or uniting, in reference to the broadly connected S-band and V-band.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Habitus: A. conflua (Costa Rica: Tierras Morenas, INBioCRI 000949584).

FIGURES 7 – 18. Wings: 7, A. conflua (Costa Rica: Est. Pitilla, INBioCRI 001391699); 8 – 9, A. levefasciata (Peru: Tingo Maria, USNMENT 00213407; Villa Santa María, USNMENT 00671683); 10 – 11, A. nolazcoae (Perú: San Miguel La Cocha, USNMENT 00671197, USNMENT 00671195); 12, A. paradentata (Mexico: W of El Palmito); 13, A. pseudanomala (Ecuador: Onkone Gare Camp, USNMENT 00054542); 14 – 16, A. raveni (Perú: Chincana, USNMENT 00654975; Planchón, USNMENT 00671634; Tingo Maria, USNMENT 00671660); 17, A. trivittata (holotype); 18, A. woodleyi (Bolivia: Potrerillos del Guenda, USNMENT 00104216).

FIGURES 19 – 25. Eversible membranes: 19, A. conflua (Costa Rica: Est. Pitilla, INBioCRI 001391699); 20, A. kuhlmanni (Brazil: Rio Trapicheiro); 21, A. levefasciata (Peru: Villa Santa María, USNMENT 00671683); 22, A. nolazcoae (Perú: San Miguel La Cocha, USNMENT 00671197); 23, A. pseudanomala (Ecuador: Onkone Gare Camp, USNMENT 00054542); 24, A. raveni (Perú: Tingo Maria); 25, A. woodleyi (holotype); bar = 1.0 mm.

FIGURES 26 – 36. Aculei: 26 – 28, A. conflua (Costa Rica: Est. Pitilla, INBioCRI 001391699), whole, base and tip; 29 – 30, A. levefasciata (holotype), base and tip; 31 – 32, A. nolazcoae (Perú: San Miguel La Cocha, USNMENT 00671197), whole and tip; 33, A. paradentata (Mexico: W of El Palmito, copied from Norrbom 1985, fig. 30 C), tip; 34 – 35, A. raveni (Perú: Tingo Maria), whole and tip; 36, A. woodleyi (holotype), tip; bar = 0.10 mm.