Paramysis Czerniavsky, 1882

Wittmann, Karl J., Ariani, Antonio P. & Daneliya, Mikhail, 2016, The Mysidae (Crustacea: Peracarida: Mysida) in fresh and oligohaline waters of the Mediterranean. Taxonomy, biogeography, and bioinvasion, Zootaxa 4142 (1), pp. 1-70 : 14

Genus Paramysis Czerniavsky, 1882

Diagnosis. Paramysini with antennal scale showing a large, basal, smooth portion of the outer margin; this portion ending in a thorn (non-articulated spiniform process); setose apex bears a small apical segment with plumose setae ( Figs 4 B, 8H). Eyes well developed with large, dorsoventrally slightly flattened cornea ( Figs 4 A, 8A, B). Maxillary palp normal, its setose terminal segment laterally moderately ( Fig. 9 C) to strongly expanded, with anterodistal setae only or with additional 1–3 short, subapical spiniform setae ( Paramysis s.str.). First thoracic endopod ( Fig. 9 D) large, 7-segmented, with endites on all segments from coxa to merus, the largest endite on the basis, endite of merus larger than endite of ischium. Thoracic endopods 3–8 ( Figs 4 H, 9G, H, 10A, D, F, H) each with carpus entire, short, stout, with brush of setae; propodus normally 3-segmented, but reduced with fewer segments in posterior endopods of a few species; small to minute dactylus with normal to very weak nail, this nail may appear seta-like on endopod 8. Penis normal, with caudolateral blade ( Figs 5 A, 9H). Male pleopods 3 ( Figs 5 B, 10O) and 4 ( Figs 5 C, 10P) each with two-segmented sympod; endopods 3 and 4 one- or two-segmented; exopod 3 rod-like, unsegmented; in contrast, exopod 4 is 6-segmented ( Fig. 10 P, Q) to 7-segmented ( Fig. 5 C, D) with one large, modified seta on both penultimate and ultimate segment. Male pleopods 1, 2, 5 ( Figs 5 E, 10M, N, R), and all pleopods of females, reduced, rod like with allusively to weakly developed pseudobranchial lobe. Uropods setose all around ( Figs 5 H, 10T), endopod shorter than exopod; statolith composed of vaterite or much less frequently of fluorite; variable numbers of spines below statocyst and often also more caudally along ventral face of endopod. Telson with spines along lateral margins; each lateral margin ends in a distinctly larger spine; terminal margin between these spines is transversely straight or excised, this margin furnished by at least two (as exceptional deviation with 0 or 1 in Paramysis s.str.), mostly many more acute laminae ( Figs 5 J, 10U, V).

Type species. Paramysis Baeri Czerniavsky, 1882b: 56 , as defined in Daneliya (2004).

Distribution ( Figs 6 , 12 ). Endemic in the NE-Atlantic, Mediterranean, and Ponto-Caspian. Anthropogenic expansion of P. l a cu s t r i s (Czerniavsky, 1882) and additional species to coastal waters and tributaries of the Baltic Sea, Lake Aral, and to inland water systems of northern and eastern Europe ( Zhuravel 1950, Gasiunas 1968, Aladin et al. 1998, Wittmann 2007, Semenchenko et al. 2007, Zettler 2015).

Figures

FIGURE 4. Paramysis (Serrapalpisis) kosswigi Băcescu, 1948, from Lake Işikli (A – D, F – K) and its springs (E, type locality) in Anatolia. A, anterior body region of adult male with body length 8.7 mm, dorsal view (pores on carapace and scales on eyestalks not to scale); B, antenna of male 9.1 mm, ventral; C, left mandibular palp of male 9.1 mm, rostral; D, detail of (C) showing setae from the outer margin of the median segment; E, setae as in (D), female 10.5 mm; F, thoracic sternites 1 – 8 of male 8.9 mm, ventral; G, the same for female 10.1 mm; H, left ' tarsus' (carpopropodus plus dactylus) of thoracic endopod 3 in female 10.1 mm, rostral; J, anterior paradactylar seta in female 9.5 mm; K, the same for male 9.1 mm.

FIGURE 5. Paramysis (Serrapalpisis) kosswigi Băcescu, 1948, from Lake Işikli in Anatolia. A, left penis of male with body length 8.2 mm, outer lateral; B, third pleopod in male 8.7 mm, rostral face; C, the same for fourth pleopod; D, exopod of fourth pleopod in lateral view, setae omitted, male 9.6 mm; E, fifth pleopod in male 8.7 mm, rostral; F, posterior margin of sixth pleonite in female 10.1 mm, lateral; G, the same for male 9.1 mm; H, uropods of male 8.7 mm, ventral; J, telson of same male, dorsal; K, detail of (J), showing right terminal spine and its neighbouring laminae.

FIGURE 6. Distribution of Diamysis hebraica Almeida Prado-Por, 1981, D. lagunaris Ariani & Wittmann, 2000, and Paramysis kosswigi Băcescu, 1948, in tributaries and coastal waters of the Mediterranean Sea. Data are original and from Băcescu (1948, 1954), Almeida Prado-Por (1981), Ariani & Wittmann (2000), Kocataş et al. (2003), and Wittmann & Ariani (2011, 2012 a).

FIGURE 9. Paramysis (Longidentia) adriatica sp. nov. from the Adige River, paratypes, male with body length 7.9 mm (A – F, H), and female with 10.9 mm (G). A, mandibles, rostral; B, labium, caudal; C, maxilla, rostral; D, male thoracic sternites 1 – 8 (ventral) with left first thoracopod (caudal); E, lateral view on male sternal processes or humps in the sagittal plane; F, second thoracic endopod, caudal; G, sixth thoracic endopod with rudimentary oostegite, rostral; H, eighth thoracopod (caudal) with penis (postero-lateral blade of penis is accidentally shifted antero-laterally).

FIGURE 10. Paramysis (Longidentia) adriatica sp. nov. from the Adige River, paratypes, female with body length 10.9 mm (A – G, V), and males with 7.9 mm (H – P, R – U) or 9.1 mm (Q), respectively. A, female tarsus 3, i. e. tarsus of third thoracic endopod, rostral, details show a modified seta (B) of the propodus, and the rostral paradactylar seta (C); D, female tarsus 4, rostral, detail (E) as in (C); F, female tarsus 8, rostral, detail (G) as in (C, E); H, male tarsus 3, rostral, detail shows the rostral paradactylar seta (J); K, L, male rostral paradactylar setae of thoracic endopods 4 (K) and 8 (L); M – P, series of male pleopods 1 – 4, caudal (M, N) or rostral (O, P) view; Q, exopod of male pleopod 4 in lateral view, setae omitted; R, male pleopod 5, caudal; S, posterior margin of sixth pleonite, lateral; T, uropods, ventral; U, telson, dorsal; V, terminal portion of telson, dorsal.

FIGURE 12. Distribution of five species of Mysinae (Mysidae) in tributaries and coastal waters of the Adriatic Sea. In part modified from Wittmann & Ariani (2012 b).