Licea minima Fr., Syst.

Basanta, Diana Wrigley De, Mier, Carlos De & Lado, Carlos, 2023, A taxonomic revision of the species of Licea subg. Licea (Myxomycetes), Phytotaxa 629 (2), pp. 95-128 : 112-113

15. Licea minima Fr., Syst. mycol. 3(1): 199 (1829) Figs. 12A–K

Neotypus (designated here, see below)

Sporophores sporocarpic, scattered or in small groups, sessile. Sporocarps subglobose, 0.2–0.5 mm, to subhemisphaeric or elongated, 2–3 mm long blackish brown. Peridium double, outer layer cartilaginous, dark brown, opaque, inner layer membranous with an inner surface ornamented with warts; dehiscence into platelets following the shiny raised lines of dehiscence, down to the base of the sporocarps, platelet margins ornamented with large outgrowths clearly visible by TL. Spores free, red brown in mass, olivaceous to lilac brown by TL, thick walled, thinner and paler on one side, globose, 10–13 µm diam., warted. By SEM the inner peridium is granular, sometimes fusing in an irregular reticulum of granules the platelet margins ornamented in a range of outgrowths from simple rounded warts to finger-like warts 1–2 µm long; the epispore is pilate.

Material examined: Neotype (designated here). SPAIN: Guadalajara, Almiruete, 30TVL8243, 1000 m, en tronco de Pinus sp. , 28-VI-1989, leg. C. Lado & F. Pando, 3589 Lado, MA-Fungi 23775!. Mycobank: MBT 10016507 . SPAIN. Navarra, Articutza, 30TWN 9788, 660 m, en madera descompuesta de Abies excelsa , 12-XI-1983, leg. R. Galán, 1548 Lado, MA-Fungi 17214 .

Habitat: on bark of living and dead trees, on decaying trunks and stumps of angiosperms and gymnosperms, on old polypore.

Distribution: Largely distributed (Norway, Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Lithuania, Denmark, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Poland, Belarus, Russian Federation, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Ireland, France, Andorra, Spain, Portugal, Switzerland, Austria, Greece, Turkey, Israel, Chine, India, Nepal, Vietnam, Seychelles Islands, Japan, Morocco, Madagascar, Canada, USA, Mexico, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Chile, Australia, Papua New Guinea, New Zealand.

Icon.: Lister (1925: pl. 148d–f), Nannenga-Bremekamp (1965: 136: Figs. 4 A – B ; 1975: 63, 1991: 42), Martin & Alexopoulos (1969: 480, Pl. I: 8a–c), Gilert (1996: 521, Figs. 17 –25; 522, Figs. 26–29), Neubert et al. (1993: 151, 283, Fig. VI: 2), Lado & Pando (1997: 120, Figs. 31a–b), Yamamoto (1998: 132, Figs. A – B; 2021: 145, Figs. A – C), Novozhilov et al. (1999: 85, Figs. 4 A – D ), Härkönen & Sivonen (2011: 54, Figs. 67–69), Poulain et al. (2011: 68), Härkönen & Varis (2012: 148, Figs. 218–220), Ronikier et al. (2017: 250, Figs. 2 A – E ), Lloyd (2020: 26).

Notes. Licea minima was described almost 200 years ago by Fries (1829). In the original description no precise collection was given as the type, as was the custom then. We tried to find original Fries material at the UPS herbarium, where his collection is preserved, but the curator said there was no original material kept there (Asa Kruys pers. comm.) and commented that Fries wrote v.v. (vidi vivam) meaning that material was not collected or preserved. Since no original material, neither specimens nor illustrations, exists, we have selected a typical specimen of Licea minima from MA-Fungi and neotypify it here.

The SEM image of the spore ( Fig. 12 J ) shows the ornamentation on the epispore as T-shaped pila. A similar observation was made by Gilert (1996) who commented on T shaped rods by TEM.

This species is similar to L. pusilla Schrad. from which it differs by its reddish-brown spores and peridium, and its smaller spores. Licea mariae Bortnikov also has larger spores, than L. minima and they are smooth and almost colourless ( Fig. 11 H ).

Figures

FIGURE 2. Licea ampulliformis. A–H, K–M (dwb 1988, MA-Fungi 98835, Holotype), I–J (dwb 2535).A. Herbarium box. B–D. Sessile sporocarps. E. Spores and peridial platelets by TL showing clear margins to the platelets (arrows). F–H. Spores by TL. I. detail of platelet margin showing clear area by SEM (arrow). J. Inner surface of a platelet showing warted surface. K–L Detail of open sporocarp showing platelets and spore by SEM. M. Spores by SEM. Scale bars: B–D = 0.1 mm, E = 20 µm, F–H, L = 10 µm, I–J, M = 5 µm, K = 50 µm.

FIGURE 4. Licea belmontiana. A–J (NENB-5879, BR-MYC 5020057898868, Holotype). A. Herbarium box. B–C. Sessile sporocarps. D. Peridial platelets by TL. E. Spores by TL. F. Dehisced sporocarp by SEM. G–H. Peridial platelets by SEM showing margins without outgrowths (arrows). I–J. Warted spores by SEM. Scale bars: B–C = 0.1 mm, D–G = 10 µm, H–J = 5 µm.

FIGURE 11. Licea mariae. A–H (MYX 11149, Holotype).A. Herbarium fragment. B–C. Sessile sporocarps. D. Peridial platelets by TL. E–F. Peridial platelets with row of conical outgrowths (arrows). G–H. Spores by TL. Scale bars: B–C = 0.1 mm, D–H = 10 µm.

FIGURE 12. Licea mínima.A–B, E. G, I–K (MA-Fungi 23775, Neotype); C–D, F, H (MA-Fungi 17214).A. Herbarium box. B–D. Sessile sporocarps. E–F. Peridial platelets by TL. G–H. Spores by TL. I–J. Detail of inner peridium surface and platelet edges by SEM. K. Spore by SEM. Scale bars: B–D = 0.1 mm, E, I = 20 µm, F–H, J = 10 µm, K = 5 µm.

FIGURE 17. Licea pygmaea.A–L (Myxo 055, LAU, Lectotype).A. Herbarium box. B–E. Sessile sporocarps. F–G. Peridial platelets and spore by TL. H. Whole open sporocarp by SEM. I–J. Peridial platelet margins by SEM. K–L. Spores by SEM. Scale bars: B = 0.1 mm, C–E, H = 50 µm, F–G = 10 µm, I–L = 5 µm.