Golovatchosoma trichochaetum

Antić, Dragan Ž. & Makarov, Slobodan E., 2016, The Caucasus as a major hotspot of biodiversity: Evidence from the millipede family Anthroleucosomatidae (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida), Zootaxa 4211 (1), pp. 1-205 : 15-18

Golovatchosoma trichochaetum gen. et sp. nov.

Figs 7–9

Diagnosis. This new species is almost twice as long as G. bacillichaetum gen. et sp. nov. and differs by the presence of medium-sized and trichoid tergal macrochaetae, as well as in some details of anterior gonopod structure, especially by a unipartite anterior sternal sac with numerous papillae. A posterior coxal horn on male legpair 7 wanting.

Etymology. To emphasize the trichoid macrochaetae on body segments.

Material studied (total: 2 males, 5 females). Holotype. ARMENIA: male, Kafan District , Shikahoh Nature Reserve, Shishkert, 1700–1800 m asl, Quercus , Fagus , Carpinus forest, litter and under stones, 29 Apr. 1983, S. Golovatch leg. ( ZMUM ρ3215).

Paratypes (total: 1 male, 5 females). All from ARMENIA, Kafan District, Shikahoh Nature Reserve: 3 females, same data as holotype ( ZMUM ρ3216) ; 1 male, 2 females, Tsav, 100 m asl, Quercus , Fagus , Carpinus forest, litter, 29 Apr. 1983, S. Golovatch leg. (ZMUM ρ3217).

Type locality. ARMENIA: Kafan District , Shikahoh Nature Reserve, Shishkert, 1700–1800 m asl, Quercus , Fagus , Carpinus forest.

Description. Body with 30 segments (including telson) in adults.

MEASUREMENTS. Males 12–14 mm long, vertical diameter of the largest pleurotergite 1–1.1 mm. Females 12– 14 mm long, vertical diameter of the largest pleurotergite 1–1.1 mm.

COLORATION ( Fig. 7 ). Prozonites greyish, metazonites brownish, with yellowish spots.

HEAD. Without frontal depression in male. Labrum with three medial teeth and 5+4 labral and 2+2 supralabral setae. Promentum triangular, without setae. Lingual plates with 5+5 setae, on each plate arranged in one row. Stipites with 23+23 setae. Antennae 1.9 mm long in holotype. Length of antennomeres (in mm): I (0.1), II (0.22), III (0.5), IV (0.25), V (0.47), VI (0.2), VII (0.14) and VIII (0.02). Length/breadth ratios of antennomeres I–VII: I (1.1), II (2.2), III (5.5), IV (2.3), V (4.3), VI (1.5) and VII (1.4). Antennomeres II, IV, V, VI and VII with one, three, one, four and one sensillum, respectively. Number of ocelli 16–18, arranged in 5 rows in males; 16–22 in 5–6 rows in females.

COLLUM. Narrower than head, with six macrochaetae. Anterior edge semi-circular, posterior margin gently concave.

BODY SEGMENTS ( Fig. 7 ). Lateral keels like lateral swellings. Macrochaetae medium-sized and trichoid. CIX (pleurotergite 15) ~ 0.6; MIX (pleurotergite 15) ~ 1.3; PIX (pleurotergite 15) ~ 0.5; MA (pleurotergite 15) ~ 100˚.

TELSON. Epiproct with a pair of spinnerets and 3+3 setae (1+1 paramedian, 2+2 marginal). Hypoproct with 1+1 apical setae. Paraprocts with 3+3 marginal setae.

WALKING LEGS. In both sexes, leg-pairs 1 and 2 with tarsal combs; prefemora with several long and robust setae; femora and postfemora with a group of several long and robust setae.

MALE SEXUAL CHARACTERS ( Fig. 8 ). Leg-pairs 3–7 enlarged. Leg-pairs 3 and 4 each with a basal exterior protrusion on prefemur. Leg-pairs 5 and 6 without peculiarities. Leg-pair 7 with a small, exterior, basal protrusion on each prefemur. Leg-pair 10 with coxal glands, no other peculiarities. Leg-pair 11 with coxal glands and a strongly developed coxal horn

ANTERIOR GONOPODS ( Fig. 9 A–C). Sternal plate (sp) with an anterior, rounded, sternal sac (ss) clothed with numerous papillae. Gonopods consisting of a medial syncoxal part (s) and two lateral parts (lp). Syncoxite divided distally; mesal edged of division lamellar and denticulate; lateral sides thickened, with small setae apically. Lateral parts lamellar; lateral edges thin, mesal edges thickened. Posteriorly, a pair of hairy levers (hl) and groups (gs) of long setae, as well as a well-developed biramous, wide, medial, posterior projection (ppr) can be traced. Lateral to this projection, a pair of possibly coxal-like vesicles (cv) can be seen.

POSTERIOR GONOPODS ( Fig. 9 D). Coxites (c) divided. Telopodites (t) well-developed, two-segmented, orientated laterad, setose. Coxal processes (cp) situated and curved mesally, each with a few setae. Coxal vesicles (cv) present at base on posteromesal side.

Distribution. Armenia (Shikahoh Nature Reserve) ( Fig. 166 , white circle).

Figures

FIGURE 7. Golovatchosoma trichochaetum gen. et sp. nov., paratype female habitus. Scale lines = 1 mm.

FIGURE 8. Golovatchosoma trichochaetum gen. et sp. nov., holotype male. A. Leg 3. B. Leg 7. C. Leg 11. D. Leg 4. Scale lines = 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 9. Golovatchosoma trichochaetum gen. et sp. nov., holotype male gonopods. A. Anterior gonopods, anterior view. B. Anterior gonopods, lateral view. C. Anterior gonopods, posterior view. D. Posterior gonopods, posterior view. c = coxite; s = medial syncoxal part; t = telopodite; cp = coxal process; cv = coxal vesicle; gs = groups of setae; hl = hairy lever; lp = lateral part; sp = sternal plate; ss = sternal sac; ppr = posterior projection. Scale line = 0.3 mm.

FIGURE 166. Distribution of the Cucasian Anthroleucosomatidae: the Alloiopus and the Enghoffiella complexes.