Calapnita bankirai, Bernhard A. Huber, 2017

Bernhard A. Huber, 2017, Revision and cladistic analysis of the Southeast Asian leaf-dwelling spider genus Calapnita Simon (Araneae, Pholcidae), Zootaxa 4219 (1), pp. 1-63 : 22-23

Calapnita bankirai sp. nov. Figs 18 , 60–64

“ Calapnita phyllicola ” Deeleman-Reinhold, 1986 (misidentification): Deeleman-Reinhold 1986: 216 (part of paratypes). Huber 2011: 54 (part of paratypes and specimens from Balikpapan in ZFMK, see below).

Diagnosis. Distinguished from most other species of phyllicola group (except C. bidayuh , C. phyllicola , C. semengoh ) by shape of appendix (widely curved with two ventral tines; Fig. 62 ), by male palpal tarsal organ on cylindrical process of tarsus, by serrated edge of embolus, and by drop-shaped pore plates ( Fig. 64 ); from closest known relatives ( C. bidayuh , C. phyllicola , C. semengoh ) by narrow tip of procursus ( Fig. 61 ); from C. phyllicola also by presence of split hairs dorsally on procursus; from C. semengoh also by much shorter palpal segments and external female genitalia; from C. bidayuh also by absence of distal spine-like process on procursus. Females differ from C. phyllicola by absence of sclerotized transversal ridges on epigynum ( Fig. 63 ) and by pore plates farther apart ( Fig. 64 ); females of C. bidayuh and C. bankirai may not be distinguishable externally, but the pore plates in C. bankirai are slightly closer together ( Fig. 64 ).

Etymology. The species name is derived from the type locality; noun in apposition.

Material examined. Holotype. INDONESIA-BORNEO: ♂, ZFMK (Ar 15994), East Kalimantan, Bukit Bankirai (1.029°S, 116.867°E), 100 m a.s.l., on green leaves in forest, 29.x.2009 (S. Sutono).

Other material. INDONESIA-BORNEO: 4♂ 3♀, ZFMK (Ar 15995), same data as holotype ; 1♀ 2 juvs in absolute ethanol, ZFMK (Ind 166), same data . Sepaku [~1.0°S, 116.9°E], 4♂ 2♀, RMNH (ARA 17803, 17386), misidentified paratypes of Calapnita phyllicola , 3 & 5.viii.1980 (2 vials) (P.R. & C.L. Deeleman). 1♂ 2♀, ZFMK (Ar 5333), Balikpapan [~1.25°S, 116.83°E], 20.vii.1982 (J. Murphy, 11873).

MALAYSIA-BORNEO: 6♂ 4♀, ZFMK ( Ar 15996–97), Sarawak, Niah Cave National Park, forest near headquarters (3.820°N, 113.763°E), 40 m a.s.l., night collecting, undersides of leaves, 28.vii.2014 (B.A. Huber, S.B. Huber) ; 1♂ 1♀, ZFMK ( Ar 15998), Niah Cave National Park, forest near cave (3.814°N, 113.771°E), 40 m a.s.l., undersides of leaves, 28.vii.2014 (B.A. Huber).

Description. Male (holotype)

MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 5.2, carapace width 0.8. Leg 1: 35.1 (8.3 + 0.3 + 8.5 + 16.3 + 1.7), tibia 2: 5.9, tibia 3: 3.3, tibia 4: 5.2; tibia 1 L/d: 106. Distance PME-PME 240 µm, diameter PME 90 µm, distance PME- ALE ~30 µm; no trace of AME.

COLOR. Entire animal mostly very pale whitish, legs slightly yellowish, patellae and tibia-metatarsus joints with short brown rings.

BODY. Habitus as in Fig. 18 ; ocular area barely elevated, each triad on very low hump; carapace without median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum as wide as long (0.44), unmodified.

CHELICERAE. As in C. phyllicola (cf. fig. 172 in Huber 2011), with pair of simple apophyses near lamellae and pair of indistinct lateral humps proximally; without modified hairs; without stridulatory ridges.

PALPS. In general very similar to C. phyllicola (cf. figs 170–171 in Huber 2011); proximal segments apparently indistinguishable; procursus with two split hairs dorsally and with slender mostly weakly sclerotized tip ( Figs 60– 61 ); appendix very slender, especially distally ( Fig. 62 ).

LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs; few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium absent on tibia 1, present on other tibiae; tarsus 1 pseudosegments very indistinct, only distally a few visible in dissecting microscope.

Male (variation). Tibia 1 in 11 other males: 7.0–8.5 (mean 7.6).

Female. In general similar to male; eye triads slightly closer together (distance PME-PME 210 µm). Tibia 1 in 9 females: 5.4–6.7 (mean 6.0). Epigynum very simple, very similar to C. bidayuh , almost entirely unsclerotized ( Fig. 63 ); with simple short posterior ‘knob’; internal genitalia as in Fig. 64 , with pair of membranous ‘sacs’. Natural history. At the type locality the spiders were found on the undersides of palm leaves. One male had an ectoparasitic mite on its prosoma ( Fig. 18 ; cf. C. dinagat below).

Distribution. Apparently widespread in Borneo, but known from only two localities ( Fig. 282 ).

Figures

FIGURE 282. Known distribution of the Calapnita phyllicola group, part 2 (cf. Fig. 281). Note that all western specimens of C. phyllicola are assigned tentatively.

FIGURES 13 – 19. Live specimens, Calapnita phyllicola group. 13 – 15. C. phyllicola Deeleman-Reinhold, ♂♂ from Bako and Ulu Dong, ♀ with parasitized egg-sac from Gunung Liang. 16 – 17. C. bidayuh sp. nov., ♂♂ from Kapit. 18. C. bankirai sp. nov., ♂ (with mite; arrow) from Niah. 19. C. semengoh Huber, ♂ from Semengoh.

FIGURES 55 – 64. Calapnita bidayuh sp. nov. (55 – 59; ZFMK, Ar 15992 – 93) and C. bankirai sp. nov. (60 – 64; ZFMK, Ar 15995). 55 – 56, 60 – 61. Left procursi, prolateral and retrolateral views (arrows point at split hairs). 57, 62. Left bulbal appendices, prolateral views. 58, 63. Epigyna, ventral views. 59, 64. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal views (arrows point at membranous sacs). Scale lines 0.3 mm.