Clavelina lepadiformis ( Müller, 1776 )

Pyo, Jooyeon, Lee, Taekjun & Shin, Sook, 2012, Two newly recorded invasive alien ascidians (Chordata, Tunicata, Ascidiacea) based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic analysis in Korea *, Zootaxa 3368 (1), pp. 211-228 : 214-215

1. Clavelina lepadiformis ( Müller, 1776)

( Fig. 2A , Table 3)

Ascidia lepadiformis Müller, 1776: 119 , fig. 5; Sanamyan, 2010: 252057. Clavelina lepadiformis: Milne-Edwards, 1841: 44 ; Alder & Hancock, 1905: 32; 1907: 152, pls. 49, 50, figs. 1, 2; Wirtz, 1998:

200; De Caralt et al., 2002: 125; Turon et al., 2003: 29; Shirley, 2003: 14, fig. 2; Riley, 2008: 3009; Reinhardt et al., 2010:

185, fig. 1; Sanamyan & Monniot, 2011a: 103552; Pyo & Shin, 2011: 197, fig. 1. Claveline lepadiforme Milne-Edwards, 1841: 93.

Materials examined. 21 zooids, Daebyeon , 14 Nov. 2009, Shin S, dock wall at 2.5 m depth ; 32 zooids, Busan, 14 Nov. 2009, Shin S, SCUBA diving at 20 m sea depth, S. Shin; 202 zooids, Gampo , 24 June 2010, Lee T, ropes at 2 m depth ; 124 zooids, Bangeojin , 25 June 2010, Shin S, bivalve (Mytilus galloprovincialis) shells and dock wall at 1.5 m depth ; 75 zooids, Seogwipo , 28 June 2010, Lee T, ropes at 5 m depth ; 37 zooids, Namae , 18 Oct. 2010, Pyo J, ropes at 3.2 m depth ; 44 zooids, Gampo , 19 Oct. 2010, Pyo J, dock wall at 3 m depth ; 35 zooids, Bangeojin , 20 Oct. 2010, Shin S, dock wall at 2 m depth ; 89 zooids, Daebyeon , 20 Oct. 2010, Shin S, fish trap at 2.3 m depth ; 37 zooids., Seogwipo , 17 Oct. 2010, Pyo J, ropes at 2.4 m depth ; 239 zooids, Gonghyeonjin , 22 June 2011, Lee T, dock wall at 2.5 m depth ; 494 zooids, Guryoungpo , 24 June 2011, Pyo J, dock wall at 1.7 m depth ; 34 zooids, Gampo , 24 June 2011, Lee T, fish trap at 3.3 m depth ; 46 zooids, Bangeojin , 25 June 2011, Shin S, under floating dock at 0.2 m depth ; 79 zooids., Seogwipo , 17 June 2011, Pyo J, ropes at 3 m depth ; 367 zooids, Gonghyeonjin , 16 Oct. 2011, Lee T, ropes at 3.4 m depth ; 68 zooids, Guryoungpo , 18 Oct. 2011, Pyo J, dock wall at 1.5 m depth ; 54 zooids, Daebyeon , 19 Oct. 2011, Shin S, fish trap at 2.1 m depth ; 124 zooids., Seogwipo , 25 Oct. 2011, Pyo J, ropes at 3.6 m depth .

Distribution. Native to Norway. Northeast Atlantic ( Ireland, Scotland, England, Channel Islands, France, Sweden, Portugal, Spain), Mediterranean Sea, Connecticut of Northwest Atlantic, South Africa, Japan, and Korea ( Korea Strait, Jeju Island).

Figures

FIGURE 2. Five invasive alien ascidians at four collection sites in Korea: A, C. lepadiformis attached to dock wall at 4.7 m depth in Busan port; B, A. aspersa attached to ropes at Tongyeong yacht marina; C, C. intestinalis attached on thick cloth at Gampo harbor; D, M. manhattensis attached on floating buoy at Mokpo yacht marina; E, S. plicata attached to rope at Tongyeong yacht marina. Scale bars: A–E. 10 cm.