Utricularia foliosa Linnaeus (1753: 18)

Costa, Suzana M., Bittrich, Volker & Do Amaral, Maria Do Carmo E., 2016, Lentibulariaceae from the Viruá National Park in the northern Amazon, Roraima, Brazil, Phytotaxa 258 (1), pp. 1-25 : 12

7. Utricularia foliosa Linnaeus (1753: 18) ( Fig. 3 : J–K)

Aquatic submersed herbs; inflorescence up to 40 cm above water surface. Stolons flattened and vegetative parts glabrous. Leaves alternate (distichous) along the compressed stolon, each leaf with two dimorphic primary segments, further divided into capillary segments: upper segment with a lower number of traps and with chlorophyll, lower segment (turning downwards into mud) with numerous traps and nearly without chlorophyll. Traps lateral, without appendages or with branched setaceous dorsal appendages. Inflorescence erect, up to 15-flowered, flowers up to 4 mm distant from each other. Peduncle greenish; lateral spongy floats absent. Sterile bracts absent. Bract 4 × 3 mm, basifixed, oblong, apex truncate, margins entire. Bracteoles absent. Pedicels ca. 6 mm long, shorter or longer than the calyx lobes. Calyx lobes equal, 4 × 2 mm, ovate, apex rounded, margins entire, without prominent nerves. Corolla yellow with a reddish mark on the lower lip and spur; upper lip 5 × 5 mm, ovate, apex rounded; lower lip 5 × 10 mm, orbicular, apex bilobed; spur nearly 5 × 2 mm, conical, apex rounded, longer than the lower lip of corolla and not forming an angle of 90º with the latter in lateral view. Style and filaments short. Fruit indehiscent, globose and floatable. Seeds 5–15, lenticular, surface smooth, shortly winged, wings regular.

Distribution:— Utricularia foliosa occurs in Africa, Madagascar and North, Central and South America ( Taylor 1989), and it is recorded for all Brazilian regions ( Taylor 1989, Miranda et al. 2016). In Viruá National Park it grows in still or slow flowing waters, in lakes, rivers, marshes and pools.

Taxonomic notes:—This species is characterized by its flattened stolons (in cross-section), the indehiscent fruit and by the shortly winged seeds.

Specimens:— BRAZIL. Roraima, Caracaraí, Viruá National Park : “Estrada Perdida”, 16 September 2010, S. M. Costa 767, T.D. M. Barbosa, F. N. Cabral ( INPA!, UEC!) ; “ Estrada Perdida ”, 16 July 2010, T.D. M. Barbosa 1100, S. M. Costa ( INPA!, UEC!) ; “ Estrada Perdida ” 19 July 2010, T.D. M. Barbosa 1192, S. M. Costa ( INPA!, UEC!) ; “ Estrada Perdida ”, 20 July 2010, T.D. M. Barbosa 1202, S. M. Costa ( INPA!, UEC!) ; “ Estrada Perdida ”, 22 July 2010, T.D. M. Barbosa 1268, S. M. Costa ( INPA!, UEC!) .

Figures

FIGURE 3. Utricularia breviscapa C.Wright ex Griseb. A. habit. Utricularia chiribiquetensis Fernandez-Pérez—B. flower and fruit enclosed by the calyx (lateral view); C. trap. Utricularia costata P.Taylor—D. habit. E. flower (view from the top). Utricularia cucculata A.St.-Hil. & Girard—F. habit. G–H. flower (front view of purple and white and pale-pink variants), I. flower (lateral view). Utricularia foliosa L.—J. flower (front view). K. flower (front view, reproductive parts evident). L. fruits.