Gyrophaenina, Kraatz, 1856

Caron, Edilson, Souza, Maria Geralda De & Pamblona, Ana Maria Santa Rosa, 2024, Rediscovery of Microbrachida Bierig, 1939, description of a new species from the Brazilian Amazon and its potential for biological control (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae), Zootaxa 5537 (4), pp. 541-550 : 542-543

Key to Neotropical genera of Gyrophaenina

This key was modified from Ashe (1984) and Kim & Ahn (2015), and does not include Brachycantharus Bierig, 1939 and Neobrachychara Bierig, 1939 (see remarks below).

1. Ligula broadly rounded ( Fig. 10 , present study, and Figs. 105–109 in Ashe 1984)................................... 2

- Ligula more or less protruded and parallel-sided, entire (Figs. 98–102 in Ashe 1984) or bifid (Figs 110, 116– 117 in Ashe 1984)............................................................................................... 4

2. Body sublimuloid in dorsal view; head and pronotum subglabrous, elytra and abdomen somewhat pubescent ( Figs 1 , 6 ); head strongly deflected ( Figs 2 , 7 ); labium without medial seta ( Fig. 10 )................................... Microbrachida

- Body elongate-oval to more or less parallel-sided in dorsal view; body pubescent; head slightly or not deflected; labium with one or two medial setae (Figs 105–109 in Ashe 1984)........................................................ 3

3. Labium with two medial setae (Figs 105–107 in Ashe 1984); vertex of head without pair of macrosetae....... Probrachida

- Labium with single medial seta (Figs 108–109 in Ashe 1984); vertex of head with pair of macrosetae ( Fig. 15 in Ashe 1984).............................................................................................. Brachida

4. Ligula bifid in at least apical 1/3 (Figs 110, 116– 117 in Ashe 1984 and Fig. 2 in Pace 1986).......................... 5

- Ligula entire, more or less protruded and parallel sided (Figs 98–102 in Ashe 1984)................................. 8

5. Mesosternal and metasternal process not fused, with a short isthmus (Figs 152 in Ashe 1984)............... Agaricochara

- Mesosternal and metasternal process fused, without isthmus (Figs 155 and 250 in Ashe 1984)......................... 6

6. Labium with single medial seta short, with the same length of each lobe of ligula ( Fig. 2 in Pace 1986); elytral apico-lateral angles not sinuate ( Fig. 1 in Pace 1986)......................................................... Dactyloglossa

- Labium with single medial seta long, at least two times the length of each lobe of ligula (Figs 116–117 in Ashe 1984, Fig. 5 in Kim & Ahn 2014a); elytral apico-lateral angles moderately to markedly sinuate.................................... 7

7. Setal patch on tergum 10 chevron-shaped, numerous, but not in distinct three rows (Fig. 175 in Ashe 1984); aedeagus with apical lobe laterally displaced from flagellar insertion (Figs 214–215 in Ashe 1984)..................... Agaricomorpha

- Setal patch on tergum 10 in three distinct chevron-shaped rows (Fig. 174 in Ashe 1984); aedeagus with apical lobe elongate, spine-like (Fig. 213 in Ashe 1984)................................................................ Brachycara

8. Pronotum markedly transverse, about 2.0 times as wide as long ( Fig. 8 in Kim & Ahn 2015); tergite X with medial setose area in distinct V-shaped row ( Fig. 9 in Kim & Ahn 2015)......................................................... 9

– Pronotum of most specimens 1.2 to 1.7 times as wide as long ( Fig. 7H in Kim & Ahn 2014b); tergite X with medial setose area more or less subquadrate.............................................................................. 10

9. Head large, distinctly longer than pronotum ( Fig. 1 in Kim & Ahn 2015); right mandible with large median tooth; labial palpus with three indistinct palpomeres...................................................................... Ashea

– Head moderate in size, shorter than or as long as pronotum; right mandible with small median tooth; labial palpus with two palpomeres................................................................................... Eumicrota

10. Eyes extremely large, occupying most of lateral margins of head ( Fig. 8A in Kim & Ahn 2014b).............. Phanerota

– Eyes moderate in size ( Fig. 8B in Kim & Ahn 2014b)............................................... Gyrophaena

Figures

FIGURES 8–17. Microbrachida perniciosae. 8. Labrum, dorsal view; 9. Maxilla, dorsal view; 10. Labium, ventral view; 11. Tergite VII, male, dorsal view; 12. Tergite IX and X, male, dorsal view; 13. Median lobe of aedeagus, lateral view; 14. Sternite VIII, male, ventral view; 15. Tergite VIII, female, dorsal view; 16. Sternite, female, ventral view; 17. Spermatheca. Scale bars: 8, 10 = 0.03 mm; 9–16. = 0.125mm; 17 = 0.06 mm.

FIGURES 1–5. Microbrachida gilvicornis, holotype (FMNH). 1. Habitus, dorsal view; 2. Habitus, lateral view; 3. Labels; 4. Antennae, dorsal view; 5. Abdomen, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1, 4, 5 = 0.5mm; 2 = 0.2mm. Photo credit: Jessica Wadleigh@The Field Museum, CIL-FMNH.

FIGURES 6–7. Microbrachida perniciosae. 6. Habitus, dorsal view; 7. Habitus, lateral view; Scale bars: 1mm.