Galathea

Macpherson, Enrique & Robainas-Barcia, Aymee, 2015, Species of the genus Galathea Fabricius, 1793 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Galatheidae) from the Indian and Pacific Oceans, with descriptions of 92 new species, Zootaxa 3913 (1), pp. 1-335 : 13-19

Key to species of the genus Galathea in the Indian and Pacific Oceans

1. Transverse ridges on carapace dorsal surface mostly obsolescent............................................... 2

- Transverse ridges on carapace dorsal surface distinct........................................................ 4

2. Mxp3 merus with flexor distal spine subequal to proximal spine......................... G. kuboi Miyake & Baba, 1967

- Mxp3 merus with flexor distal spine smaller than proximal spine................................................ 3

3. Epipod present on P1. Rostrum elongate, more than 1.5 times longer than broad. Gastric region with some scale-like ridges........................................................................................... G. nuda n. sp.

- Epipod absent on P1. Rostrum short, 1.5 times longer than broad or less so. Gastric region smooth, without scale-like ridges........................................................................................ G. setigera n. sp.

4. Anterolateral spine of carapace prominent, reaching tip of basal lateral tooth of rostrum. Posterior branchial margin with 6

spines............................................................................ G. vitiensis Dana, 1853 - Anterolateral spine of carapace never reaching tip of basal lateral tooth of rostrum. Posterior branchial margin with at most 5 spines............................................................................................. 5

5. Pterygostomian flap with at least 1 spine on upper margin near linea anomurica.................................... 6

- Pterygostomian flap unarmed on upper margin (rarely with row of denticles)..................................... 11

6. Pterygostomian flap with row of spines on upper margin Mxp3 merus more than twice ischium length................................................................................................ G. labidolepta Stimpson, 1858

- Pterygostomian flap with 1 or 2 spines on upper margin. Mxp3 merus as long as or slightly shorter than ischium length..... 7

7. Anterior mesogastric ridge interrupted....................................................... G. ahyongi n. sp.

- Anterior mesogastric ridge uninterrupted................................................................. 8

8. Mxp3 merus with strong median spine on flexor margin, exceeding distal margin of merus. Distal part of P1 palm without black spot................................................................................. G. senta n. sp.

- Mxp3 merus with weak median spine on flexor margin, at most reaching distal margin of merus. Pistal part of P1 palm with black spot............................................................................................ 9

9. P2 propodus 4 times longer than broad............................................... G. mauritiana Bouvier, 1914

- P2 propodus 3.0–3.5 times longer than broad............................................................... 10

10. P2-3 propodi each with 5–6 movable spines along flexor margin................................... G. aequata n. sp.

- P2-3 propodi each with 4 movable spines along flexor margin........................................ G. ac i s n, sp.

11. Uninterrupted mesogastric ridge between anteriormost branchial marginal spines................................. 12

- Interrupted or scale like mesogastric ridge(s) between anteriormost branchial marginal spines....................... 25

12. Carapace with 2 epigastric spines...................................................................... 13

- Carapace without epigastric spines..................................................................... 21

13. Stiff plumose stiff setae present on carapace and rostrum.................................................... 14

- No stiff plumose setae on carapace and rostrum........................................................... 18

14. P2–3 propodi elongate, 5 times longer than broad.............................................. G. s imulata n. sp.

- P2–3 propodi short, equal to or less than 4 times longer than broad............................................. 15

15. Gastric region with short posterior median protogastric ridge and short posterior median mesogastric ridge............................................................................................. G. aegyptiaca Paul’son, 1875

- Gastric region without short posterior median protogastric ridge and short posterior median mesogastric ridge (sometimes one these ridges can be present)............................................................................. 16

16. P2–3 meri 2.5 times longer than broad........................................................ G. imitata n. sp.

- P2–3 meri equal to or more than 3 times longer than broad.................................................... 17

17. Ultimate article of antennular peduncle elongate, 2.5 times longer than broad Rostrum as long as broad.. G. corbariae n. sp.

- Ultimate article of antennular peduncle short, at most twice longer than broad. Rostrum longer than broad..................................................................................................... G. homologa n. sp.

18. Epipods at least on P1–2............................................................................... 19

- Epipods only on P1................................................................................... 20

19. Pterygostomian flap with facial spine on anterior part. Epipods on P1–3............................. G. paulayi n. sp.

- Pterygostomian flap unarmed on surface. Epipods on P1–2................................... G. guttata Osawa, 2004

20. Mxp3 merus with flexor distal spine smaller than proximal spine. P2-4 propodi less than 5 times longer than broad............................................................................................... G. boucheti n. sp.

- Mxp3 merus with flexor distal spine subequal to proximal spine. P2-4 propodi more than 5 times longer than broad................................................................................ G. amamiensis Miyake & Baba, 1966

21. Scale-like stria present behind anterior protogastric ridge of carapace. External limit of orbit ending in small spine................................................................................... G. continua Baba & Fujita, 2008

- No scale-like stria present behind anterior protogastric ridge of carapace. External limit of orbit ending in strong spine... 22

22. Anterior branchial margin with 3 spines............................................. G. platycheles Miyake, 1953

- Anterior branchial margin with 2 spines................................................................. 23

23. Carapace with 1 hepatic spine on each side...................................................... G. c eliae n. sp.

- Carapace without hepatic spines......................................................................... 24

24. Rostrum with lateral teeth shallowly incised............................................. G. latirostris Dana, 1852

- Rostrum with lateral teeth deeply incised........................................... G. spinimanus Borradaile, 1900

25. Rostrum with 2 lateral teeth........................................................................... 26

- Rostrum with more than 3 lateral teeth.................................................................. 28

26. Rostrum with lateral teeth shallowly incised and located distally. Subdivision of telson complete..... G. bidens Baba, 1988

- Rostrum with lateral teeth spiniform and strong, located proximally. Subdivision of telson incomplete................ 27

27. Carapace dorsally with 2 epigastric, 4 protogastric, and 2 postcervical spines only. Abdominal somites 2–4 with 2 transverse ridges. P2–4 spineless on lateral surface of meri, carpi and propodi..................... G. quinquespinosa (Balss, 1913)

- Carapace dorsally with numerous spines other than 2 epigastric, 4 protogastric and 2 postcervical spines. Abdominal segments 2–4 with 2 transverse ridges each followed by additional stria. P2–4 with spines on lateral surface of meri, carpi and propodi.................................................................................... G. lumaria Baba, 2005

28. Rostrum with 3 lateral teeth............................................................ G. patae Osawa, 2006

- Rostrum with 4 or 5 lateral teeth....................................................................... 29

29. Rostrum with 5 lateral teeth........................................................................... 30

- Rostrum with 4 lateral teeth........................................................................... 37

30. Epipods absent on P1–3................................................................ G. tropis Baba, 2005

- Epipods present only on P1........................................................................... 31

31. Two or more epigastric spines.......................................................................... 32

- Epigastric spines absent............................................................................... 36

32. Distoflexor angle of P2–4 meri with 2 spines.............................................................. 33

- Distoflexor angle of P2–4 meri with 1 spine............................................................... 34

33. Hepatic region with 2 or 3 spines. Carapace with numerous scale-like ridges on gastric region. Mxp3 merus with flexor distal spine smaller than proximal spine........................................................ G. multicristata n. sp.

- Hepatic region unarmed. Carapace with few scale-like ridges on gastric region. Mxp3 merus with flexor distal spine subequal to proximal spine.......................................................................... G. ciliosa n. sp.

34. Posterior branchial region with 6–8 transverse ridges............................................ G. inermis n. sp.

- Posterior branchial region with 4–5 transverse ridges......................................................... 35

35. Rostrum less than 1.5 times longer than broad. P2 merus less than 5 times longer than broad... G. sanctae Macpherson, 2012

- Rostrum more than 1.5 times longer than broad. P2 merus more than 5 times longer than broad............ G. paulae n. sp.

36. Posterior branchial region behind mid-transverse ridge with 5–6 ridges. Gastric region with 4 or 5 uninterrupted or interrupted transverse ridges................................................................ G. sinensis Dong & Li, 2010

- Posteror branchial region behind mid-transverse ridge with 8–9 ridges. Gastric region with 9 or 10 uninterrupted or interrupted ridges.......................................................................... G. multilineata Balss, 1913

37. Rostrum truncate................................................................................... 38

- Rostrum not truncate, triangular........................................................................ 39

38. Ground color of body red............................................................. G. pilosa De Man, 1888

- Ground color of body blue............................................................. G. polyphemus n. sp.

39. Gastric ridges scale-like.............................................................................. 40

- Gastric ridges not scale-like........................................................................... 64

40. Ocular peduncles elongate, more than 2.5 times longer than broad.............................. G. longioculata n. sp.

- Ocular peduncles short, clearly less than twice longer than broad............................................... 41

41. Branchial region of carapace with at least 1 dorsal spine..................................................... 42

- Branchial region of carapace without dorsal spines.......................................................... 52

42. Epigastric spines absent. Rostrum twice longer than wide or more than so........................................ 43

- Epigastric spines present. Rostrum less than twice longer than wide............................................ 45

43. Rostrum twice longer than wide................................................. G. genkai Miyake & Baba, 1964

- Rostrum more than 2.5 times longer than broad............................................................. 44

44. P2 more than twice carapace length. P2 merus more than 6 times longer than broad................... G. gladiola n. sp.

- P2 less than twice carapace length. P2 merus less than 6 times longer than broad.................... G. machaera n. sp.

45. P2–4 meri each with 2 spines at distoflexor angle (1 spine sometimes absent in small specimens)......... G. lepidota n. sp.

- P2–4 meri each with 1 spine at distoflexor angle............................................................ 46

46. Carapace with 1 postcervical spine on each side............................................................ 47

- Carapace without postcervical spines..................................................................... 48

47. Anterior branchial region unarmed. Epipods only on P1............................................. G. cy mo n. sp.

- Anterior branchial region with spines. Epipods on P1–3.............................. G. subsquamata Stimpson, 1858

48. Epipod only on P1.................................................................................... 49

- Epipods on P1–3..................................................................................... 50

49. P1 fingers clearly longer than palm........................................................... G. acerata n. sp.

- P1 fingers clearly shorter than palm................................................. G. longimana Paul’son, 1875

50. Carapace lateral margin without spine between anterolateral spine and anteriormost spine of branchial margin................................................................................................... G. polydora n. sp.

- Carapace lateral margin with spine between anterolateral spine and anteriormost spine of branchial margin.............. 51

51. Carapace as long as broad. Ridges on posterior half of carapace behind mid-transverse ridge usually laterally scale-like. Ros- trum less than 1.5 times longer than broad. P2–4 propodi more than 4 times longer than broad............. G. pe itho n. sp.

- Carapace longer than broad. Ridges on posterior half of carapace usually laterally uninterrupted and never scale-like. Rostrum more than 1.5 times longer than broad P2–4 propodi 4 times longer than broad................. G. aculeata Haswell, 1882

52. Epipods absent on P1–3.............................................................. G. squamea Baba, 1979

- Epipods at least on P1................................................................................. 53

53. Epipods on P1–2......................................................................... G. p ou pi n i n. sp.

- Epipods only on P1................................................................................... 54

54. Carapace without uninterrupted ridges between mid-transverse ridge and posterior ridge just anterior to posterior margin. 55

- Carapace with at least 2 uninterrupted ridges (except close to lateral margins) between mid-transverse ridge and posterior ridge just anterior to posterior margin........................................................................ 57

55. Carapace with 2 epigastric spines................................................. G. submagnifica Laurie, 1926

- Carapace with 4 epigastric spines........................................................................ 56

56. Carapace without parahepatic spines......................................................... G. waiora n. sp.

- Carapace with 1 parahepatic spine on each side................................................ G. furfurea n. sp.

57. P2–3 meri each with 2 spines at distoflexor angle...................................... G. magnifica Haswell, 1882

- P2–3 meri each with 1 spine at distoflexor angle............................................................ 58

58. P1 fingers not spooned................................................................................ 59

- P1 fingers spooned................................................................................... 60

59. Body color brown, sometimes with middle longitudinal whitish broad stripe, from base of rostrum until abdominal somite 5. P1–4 brown.......................................................................... G. lemniscata n. sp.

- Body color white, with numerous large red spots. P1–4 with white and red bands........ G. chura Osawa & Higashiji, 2012

60. Pterygostomian facial spine present........................................................ G. bracteosa n. sp.

- Pterygostomian facial spine absent....................................................................... 61

61. Epigastric spines present............................................................................... 62

- Epigastric spines absent............................................................................... 63

62. Carapace with hepatic spines. Carapace lateral margin with spine between anterolateral spine and anteriormost spine of bran- chial margin............................................................................... G. ploto n. sp.

- Carapace without hepatic spines. Carapace lateral margin without spine between anterolateral spine and anteriormost spine of branchial margin...................................................................... G. schnabelae n. sp.

63. Extensor margin of Mxp3 merus unarmed. Gastric region with all transverse ridges scale-like or concentric arcs.................................................................................. G. bimaculata Miyake & Baba, 1966

- Extensor margin of Mxp3 merus with distal spine. Protogastric ridge not scale-like but medially interrupted.... G. psila n. sp.

64. Carapace lateral margin without spine between anterolateral spine and anteriormost spine of branchial margin.......... 65

- Carapace lateral margin with small but distinct spine between anterolateral spine and anteriormost spine of branchial margin................................................................................................... 85

65. Carapace with median mesogastric spine.............................................. G. babai Dong & Li, 2010

- Carapace without median mesogastric spine.............................................................. 66

66. Carapace with parahepatic spine......................................................................... 67

- Carapace without parahepatic spine..................................................................... 70

67. Posterior branchial regions with 6–8 ridges. Flexor margin of Mxp3 merus with long spine... G. balssi Miyake & Baba, 1964

- Posterior branchial regions with 5 ridges. Flexor margin of Mxp3 merus with short spine........................... 68

68. Anterior protogastric ridge uninterrupted.................................................... G. lingadua n. sp.

- Anterior protogastric ridge interrupted, usually with median scale-like ridge...................................... 69

69. Rostrum twice longer than broad. Flexor margin of Mxp3 merus with 3 spines......................... G. galene n. sp.

- Rostrum less than twice longer than broad. Flexor margin of Mxp3 merus with 2 spines.... G. raventosae Macpherson, 2012

70. Epipods present at least on P1......................................................................... 71

- Epipods absent on P1–3.............................................................................. 76

71. Epipods present on P1–3............................................................................... 72

- Epipods present only on P1,............................................................................ 73

72. Carapace with 2 spines on anterior branchial margin. Gastric region with some scale-like ridges. Proximal spine on flexor mar- gin of Mxp3 merus much longer than distal spine............................................. G. r ub r i s pi n a n. sp.

- Carapace with 3 spines on anterior branchial margin. Gastric region without scale-like ridges. Spines on flexor margin of Mxp3 merus subequal or slightly unequal..................................................... G. minima n. sp.

73. Pterygostomian flap with facial spine on anterior part. External limit of orbit with strong spine.................................................................................................. G. ohs him ai Miyake & Baba, 1967

- Pterygostomian flap unarmed on surface. External limit of orbit rounded or with small spine........................ 74

74. Carapace with 2 epigastric spines...................................................... G. machordomae n. sp.

- Carapace without epigastric spines...................................................................... 75

75. Rostrum longer than broad. Anterior protogastric ridge uninterrupted and reaching or nearly reaching carapace lateral margins.......................................................................... G. maculiabdominalis Baba, 1972

- Rostrum broader than long. Anterior protogastric ridge interrupted and clearly not reaching carapace lateral margins........................................................................................ G. formosa De Man, 1902

76. Distomesial spine of antennular basal article small............................... G. yamashitai Miyake & Baba, 1967

- Distomesial spine of antennular basal article large.......................................................... 77

77. Carapace with 2 epigastric spines...................................................................... 78

- Carapace without epigastric spines..................................................................... 81

78. Carapace without scale-like stria behind anterior protogastric ridge. Mxp3 merus with large flexor distal spine......................................................................................... G. keijii Tirmizi & Javed, 1993

- Carapace with scale-like stria behind anterior protogastric ridge. Mxp3 merus with small flexor distal spine............. 79

79. Carapace with numerous long iridescent setae. Posterior protogastric ridge divided into some scale-like ridges; median scale- like ridge with some long iridescent setae....................................................... G. pa le r oi n. sp.

- Carapace without or with a few long iridescent setae. Posterior protogastric ridge with median scale-like ridge only, with or without 2 long setae................................................................................... 80

80. P1 fingers longer than or as long as palm. Distomesial spine of antennal article 1 exceeding antennal article 3. G. gr ui s n. sp.

- P1 fingers shorter than palm. Distomesial spine of antennal article 1 reaching end of antennal article 3.................................................................................................... G. anepipoda Baba, 1990

81. Carapace distinctly longer than broad........................................ G. omanensis Tirmizi & Javed, 1993

- Carapace slightly broader than long or nearly as long as broad................................................ 82

82. No scale-like ridge behind midpoint of anterior protogastric ridge. Rostrum 1.2 times as long as broad...................

.................................................................... G. rubromaculata Miyake & Baba, 1967 - Scale-like ridge behind midpoint of anterior protogastric ridge. Rostrum 1.8–2.0 times as long as broad............... 83

83. Spines on flexor margin of Mxp3 merus subequal................................. G. bengala Tirmizi & Javed, 1993

- Proximal spine on flexor margin of Mxp3 merus much longer than distal spine.................................... 84

84. Anterior protogastric ridge medially interrupted. Rostral lateral teeth shallowly incised............... G. connudata n. sp.

- Anterior protogastric ridge medially uninterrupted. Rostral lateral teeth deeply incised.................. G. anoplos n. sp.

85. Carapace with cardiac spines........................................................................... 86

- Carapace without cardiac spines........................................................................ 91

86. Antennular basal article with 2 well-developed terminal spines, distomesial spine minute or obsolescent.............. 87

- Antennular basal article with 3 well-developed terminal spines............................................... 90

87. Carapace unarmed on protogastric region..................................................... G. samadiae n. sp.

- Carapace with 1 or 2 spines on protogastric region.......................................................... 88

88. Carapace with 1 median spine on protogastric ridge; 1 parahepatic spine on each side........ G. echinata Macpherson, 2012

- Carapace with 2 small median spines on protogastric ridge; 2 or 3 parahepatic spines on each side..................... 89

89. Mesogastric and metagastric regions each with 2 spines...................................... G. robusta Baba, 1990

- Mesogastric and metagastric regions unarmed.................................................. G. sentosa n. sp.

90. Carapace with with 1 strong median spine on protogastric ridge......................... G. profunda Macpherson, 2012

- Carapace with 2 small median spines on protogastric ridge............................ G. barbellata Macpherson, 2012

91. Antennular basal article with 2 well-developed terminal spines, distomesial spine minute or obsolescent.............. 92

- Antennular basal article with 3 well-developed terminal spines, distomesial spine always distinct, though sometimes clearly smaller than others 112

92. Sternite 4 clearly broader than sternite 5................................................... G. hispidissima n. sp.

- Sternite 4 narrower than sternite 5...................................................................... 93

93. Rostrum extremely narrow, 2.5–3.5 times longer than broad.................................................. 94

- Rostrum relatively broad, 2.0 times longer than broad or less than so........................................... 99

94. Carapace with pair of epigastric spines only................................................... G. ganindo n. sp.

- Carapace with 4 or more epigastric spines................................................................. 95

95. Hepatic spine absent...................................................................... G. perone n. sp.

- Hepatic spine present................................................................................. 96

96. Abdominal somites 2–3 with 2 uninterrupted ridges............................................ G. rhaphidia n. sp.

- Abdominal somites 2–3 with 4 uninterrupted or interrupted ridges.............................................. 97

97. Anterior protogastric ridge interrupted or scale-like............................................. G. scolopia n. sp.

- Anterior protogastric ridge uninterrupted.................................................................. 98

98. Rostrum with distalmost lateral teeth minute, clearly smaller than distal second teeth.................. G. tribulosa n. sp.

- Rostrum with distalmost lateral teeth well-developed, slightly smaller than distal second teeth..................................................................................................... G. inconspicua Henderson, 1885

99. Carapace with 2 epigastric spines only................................................................. 100

- Carapace with 4 or more epigastric spines and often with spinules on hepatic and branchial regions.................. 106

100. Pterygostomian flap with facial spine on anterior part....................................................... 101

- Pterygostomian flap unarmed on surface................................................................. 102

101. Epipods on P1–3............................................................................ G. clarki n. sp.

- Epipods on P1 and rarely on P2............................................................. G. cymothoe n. sp.

102. Epipods absent on P1–3................................................................... G. eucrante n. sp.

- Epipods present at least on P1.......................................................................... 103

103. Carapace with 1 parahepatic spine on each side................................................. G. barbata n. sp.

- Carapace without parahepatic spines.................................................................... 104

104. Mxp3 merus with flexor distal flexor spine smaller than proximal spine. Rostrum triangular.......... G. hispida Baba, 2005

- Mxp3 merus with flexor distal spine subequal to proximal spine. Rostrum nearly truncate.......................... 105

105. Rostrum 2.0 times longer than broad; lateral margins convex; lateral spines small and shallowly incised.. G. phalangis n. sp.

- Rostrum 1.5–1.7 times longer than broad; lateral margins straight; lateral spines sharp and deeply incised.. G. punctata n. sp.

106. Rostral lateral teeth shallowly incised. P1 fingers distally ending in incurved teeth to cross each other when closed...... 107

- Rostral lateral teeth deeply incised. P1 fingers distally spooned............................................... 108

107. Anterior metagastric ridge continued laterally on anterior branchial ridges..................... G. albatrossae Baba, 1988

- Anterior metagastric ridge not continued laterally on anterior branchial ridges........................ G. pauxilla n. sp.

108. P2 propodus more than 8 times longer than broad……........................................ G. caesariata n. sp.

- P2 propodus less than 8 times longer than broad…......................................................... 109

109. Distomesial spine of antennular basal article very small but distinct............................................ 110

- Distomesial spine of antennular basal article obsolescent. Rostrum lanceolate.................................... 111

110. Rostrum twice longer than wide. Carapace without anterior branchial (rarely 1 or 2 minute spines) and postcervical spines........................................................................................... G. tagaloa n. sp.

- Rostrum clearly less than twice longer than wide. Carapace with numerous anterior branchial and postcervical spines..................................................................................... G. pubescens Stimpson, 1858

111. Dorsal surface of carapace with numerous long thick iridescent setae. P2 merus 5–6 times as long as broad.. G. villosa n. sp.

- Dorsal surface of carapace with few long thick non-iridescent setae. P2 merus 3–4 times as long as broad.... G. crinita n. sp.

112. Carapace without epigastric spines.................................................................... 113

- Carapace with epigastric spines....................................................................... 125

113. Epipods absent on P1–3............................................................................. 114

- Epipods present at least on P1........................................................................ 115

114. Anterior metagastric ridge usually extending laterally to anterior branchial ridges. Antennal article 1 with weak distomesial spine not reaching distal margin of article 2.................................................... G. politula n. sp.

- Anterior metagastric ridge not extending laterally to anterior branchial ridges. Antennal article 1 with strong distomesial spine reaching distal margin of article 3.......................................................... G. lenis Baba, 1969

115. Epipods present only on P1.......................................................................... 116

- Epipods present on P1–3............................................................................ 121

116. Carapace without hepatic spine................................................................ G. eione n. sp

- Carapace with hepatic spine........................................................................... 117

117. Anterior metagastric ridge extending laterally to anterior branchial ridges...................................... 118

- Anterior metagastric ridge not extending laterally to anterior branchial ridges.................................... 119

118. Abdominal somites 2–3 each with 4 transverse ridges.................................. G. ternatensis De Man, 1902

- Abdominal somites 2–3 each with 2 transverse ridges.......................................... G. melobosis n. sp.

119. P2 merus more than 4 times longer than broad. P2 propodus 5 or more times longer than broad......... G. patriciae n. sp.

- P2 merus less than 4 times longer than broad. P2 propodus less than 5 times longer than broad...................... 120

120. Carapace with 2 uninterrupted ridges behind mid-transverse ridge. Anterior protogastric ridge usually medially uninterrupted.................................................................................... G. boisselierae n. sp.

- Carapace with at most 1 uninterrupted ridge behind mid-transverse ridge of carapace (rarely more than one). Anterior proto- gastric ridge usually medially interrupted.............................................. G. providentia Laurie, 1926

121. Carapace without hepatic spine............................................. G. boninensis Miyake & Baba, 1965

- Carapace with hepatic spinule(s)...................................................................... 122

122. Anterior branchial margin with 3 spines.................................................................. 123

- Anterior branchial margin with 2 spines................................................................. 124

123. Carapace with scale-like median ridge behind anterior protogastric ridge; anterior branchial region with scale-like ridges only; male with G1 and 2............................................................. G. amboinensis De Man, 1888

- Carapace without scale-like median ridge behind anterior protogastric ridge; anterior branchial region with transverse ridges; male with G2 only.................................................................... G. inflata Potts, 1915

124. P1 palm more than 3 times longer than broad. Crista dentata of Mxp3 ischium with 14–20 teeth................................................................................................. G. leptocheir Baba & Fujita, 2008

- P1 palm twice longer than broad. Crista dentate of Mxp3 ischium with 8 teeth............................................................................................................................... G. r an g i n. sp.

125. Carapace always with 4 or more epigastric spines…...................................................... .. 126

- Carapace with 2 epigastric spines only (but see G. spinosorostris )............................................. 129

126. Epipods absent on P1–3.................................................................... G. micra n. sp.

- Epipods present at least on P1........................................................................ 127

127. Epipods present on P1–3. P2–4 meri each with 2 spines at distoflexor angle........................... G. hydrae n. sp.

- Epipods present on P1. P2–4 meri each with 1 spine at distoflexor ange......................................... 128

128. Rostrum dorsally flatish. Carapace with numerous scale-like ridges on gastric and anterior branchiial regions. Posterior bran- chial region with 10 ridges, mostly interrupted. P1 carpus short, 2.4 times as long as broad.............. G. pubipes n. sp.

- Rostrum slightly concave. Carapace with a few scale-like ridges on gastric and anterior branquial regions. Posterior branchial region with 6 ridges, some of them uninterrupted. P1 carpus elongate, 3.3–3.6 times as long as broad.... G. p as c ua l ae n. sp.

129. Rostrum as long as broad; lateral margins strongly convex (subparallel between basal first and second incisions).................................................................................... G. cymbulaerostris Tirmizi, 1966

- Rostrum at least 1.2 times longer than broad; lateral margins straight or slightly convex (breadth smaller between basal second incisions than between basal incisions)................................................................. 130

130. Epipods absent on P1–3............................................................................. 131

- Epipods present at least on P1........................................................................ 138

131. P1 fingers not spooned distally, distally ending in incurved spines to cross each other when closed................................................................................................. G. longimanoides Johnson, 1970

- P1 fingers distally spooned............................................................................ 132

132. Lateral rostral teeth shallowly incised. P2 merus more than 5 times longer than broad.................. G. minutiae n. sp.

- Lateral rostral teeth deeply incised. P2 merus less than 5 times longer than broad.................................. 133

133. Flexor margin of Mxp3 merus with proximal spine clearly longer than distal spine........................ G. c eti n. sp.

- Flexor margin of Mxp3 merus with subequal spines........................................................ 134

134. Mesogastric or/and metagastric ridges medially interrupted.................................... G. anouchkae n. sp.

- Mesogastric and metagastric ridges medially uninterrupted................................................... 135

135. Anterior protogastric ridge strongly convex medially........................................... G. erythrina n. sp.

- Anterior protogastric ridge transverse................................................................... 136

136. Carapace without scale-like median ridge behind protogastric ridge.................................. G. argus n. sp.

- Carapace with scale-like median ridge behind protogastric ridge.............................................. 137

137. P2-4 propodi 3.5–4.0 times longer than broad. Base color light brown...................... G. consobrina De Man, 1902

- P2–4 propodi 4.5–4.8 times longer than broad. Base color green.................................... G. ta ga r o n. sp.

138. Epipods present at least on P1–2...................................................................... 139

- Epipods present only on P1........................................................................... 140

139. Epipods present on P1–3. Pterygostomian flap with facial spine on anterior part............ G. australiensis Stimpson , 185

- Epipods present on P1–2. Pterygostomian flap unarmed on surface................................. G. parvula n. sp.

140. Pterygostomian flap with facial spine on anterior part..................................................... 141

- Pterygostomian flap unarmed on surface................................................................ 144

141. Carapace with scattered feathered setae and scale-like median stria behind protogastric ridge................................................................................................... G. coralliophilus Baba & Oh, 1990

- Carapace without both scattered feathered setae and scale-like median stria behind protogastric ridge.................. 142

142. Carapace with 1 parahepatic spine on each side................................................ G. eupompe n. sp.

- Carapace without parahepatic spine..................................................................... 143

143. Second abdominal somite with 2 transverse ridges. Distomesial spine of antennal article 1 reaching end of peduncle....................................................................................... G. orientalis Stimpson, 1858

- Second abdominal somite with 4 transverse ridges. Distomesial spine of antennal article 1 slightly exceeding article 2..................................................................................... G. corallicola Haswell, 1882

144. Carapace without hepatic and parahepatic spines.......................................................... 145

- Carapace with hepatic and/or parahepatic spines............................................................ 150

145. Mxp3 merus with flexor distal spine clearly smaller than proximal spine................... G. tanegashimae Baba, 1969

- Mxp3 merus with flexor distal spine subequal to or slightly larger than proximal spine............................ 146

146. P2–4 meri each with 2 spines at distoflexor angle...................................... G. brevimana Paul’son, 1875

- P2–4 meri each with 1 spine at distsoflexor angle.......................................................... 147

147. Carapace with 4 uninterrupted ridges between mid-transverse ridge and posterior margin. Mxp3 merus with 3 spines on flexor margin............................................................... G. whiteleggi Grant & McCulloch, 1906

- Carapace with 2 or 3 uninterrupted ridges between mid-transverse ridge and posterior margin. Mxp3 merus with 2 spines on flexor margin....................................................................................... 148

148. Rostral lateral teeth shallowly incised......................................................... G. mar iae n. sp.

- Rostral lateral teeth deeply incised...................................................................... 149

149. Anterior branchial margin with 3 spines. Extensor margin of Mxp3 merus with 2 or 3 spines. P2–4 propodi less than 4 times longer than broad.......................................................................... G. e r idani n.sp.

- Anterior branchial margin with 2 spines. Extensor margin of Mxp3 merus with unarmed or with distal spine only. P2–4 propodi more than 4 times longer than broad..................................................... G. a t ua n.sp.

150. Carapace with both hepatic and parahepatic spines on each side............................................... 151

- Carapace with either 1 hepatic or 1 parahepatic spine on each side............................................. 156

151. Anterior protogastric ridge medially interrupted with median scale-ridge........................................ 152

- Anterior protogastric ridge uninterrupted (rarely interrupted in G. eulim e ne)..................................... 153

152. P2 merus 4 times longer than broad. P2 more than twice carapace length.............................. G. leporis n. sp.

- P2 merus 3 times longer than broad. P2 twice carapace length or less than so........................... G. tongi n. sp.

153. P1 movable finger with row of strong spines on mesial margin. Posterior median margin of abdomial somite 6 usually convex.............................................................................. G. spinosorostris Dana, 1852

- P1 movable finger unarmed or with small proximal spines on mesial margin. Posterior median margin of abdominal somite 6 straight............................................................................................ 154

154. P1 palm without row of small spine on dorsal surface............................................ G. cephyra n. sp.

- P1 palm with row of small spines on dorsal surface......................................................... 155

155. P2–4 propodi 3–4 times longer than broad.................................................. G. algae Baba, 1969

- P2–4 propodi 5 times longer than broad...................................................... G. eulimene n. sp.

156. Mxp3 merus with flexor distal spine subequal to or slightly larger than proximal spine............................ 157

- Mxp3 merus with flexor distal spine clearly smaller than proximal spine...................................... 158

157. Rostral lateral teeth shallowly incised. Carapace with 1 hepatic spine on each side; parahepatic spine absent.................................................................................. G. denticulata Macpherson & Cleva, 2010

- Rostral lateral teeth deeply incised. Carapace without hepatic spine, but with 1 parahepatic spine on each side..................................................................................................... G. gnoma n.sp.

158. Carapace with 1 hepatic spine, but without parahepatic spine. Distomesial spine of antennal article 1 not exceeding end of antennal article 3............................................................................ G. ha l ia n. sp

- Carapace without hepatic spine, but with parahepatic spine. Distomesial spine of antennal article 1 reaching or overreaching end of antennal article 3............................................................................... 159