Galathea scolopia, Macpherson, Enrique & Robainas-Barcia, Aymee, 2015

Macpherson, Enrique & Robainas-Barcia, Aymee, 2015, Species of the genus Galathea Fabricius, 1793 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Galatheidae) from the Indian and Pacific Oceans, with descriptions of 92 new species, Zootaxa 3913 (1), pp. 1-335 : 276-278

Galathea scolopia n. sp.

( Figs 99 , 120 E)

Material examined. Holotype: Vanuatu. BOA 1, Stn CP2414, 15°41.28'S, 167°02.897'E, 309–402 m, 5 September 2005: M 4.2 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15855).

Paratypes: Vanuatu. BOA 0, Stn CP2326, 15°39.83'S, 167°01.9'E, 260–313 m, 18 November 2004: 1 M 5.3 mm (MNHN-IU-2013-15856). BOA 1, Stn CP2414, 15°41.28'S, 167°02.897'E, 309–402 m, 5 September 2005: 1 ov. F 4.3 mm ( MNHN)

Papua New Guinea. BIOPAPUA, Stn CP3645, 06°44'S, 147°50'E, 403–418 m, 24 August 2010: 1 M 3.8 mm (MNHN-IU-2011-4479).

Etymology. From the Greek skolos, anything pointed, in reference to the long and thin rostrum.

Description. Carapace: As long as broad; transverse ridges with dense short setae, without long setae; cervical groove distinct, laterally bifurcated. Gastric region with some transverse ridges: 1 epigastric ridge, scale-like, with 6 small spines; 3 protogastric ridges, anterior ridge interrupted, with 1 or 2 parahepatic spines on each side, median ridge uninterrupted, posterior short; 2 mesogastric ridges, anterior ridge uninterrupted and not extending laterally to anteriormost of branchial marginal spines, posterior ridge uninterrupted; 2 metagastric ridges, anterior ridge uninterrupted, not continuing laterally to anteriorbranchial ridge, posterior ridge uninterrupted. Hepatic region with 1 small spine. Anterior branchial region with distinct ridges. Mid-transverse ridge uninterrupted, preceded by shallow cervical groove. Posterior branchial region with 6 transverse ridges, 1 ridge uninterrupted. Lateral margins subparallel, with 9 or 10 spines: 3 spines in front of and 6 or 7 spines behind anterior cervical groove; first anterolateral, well-developed, slightly behind level of lateral limit of orbit, 2 small spines at midlength between anterolateral spine and anterior cervical groove, with small spine ventral to between first and second; 4 spines on anterior branchial region, and 2 or 3 spines on posterior branchial margin. Small spine on lateral limit of orbit, with 1 small frontal spine; infraorbital margin with some small spines. Rostrum narrow, 2.5 times as long as broad, length 0.8 postorbital carapace length and breadth 0.3 that of carapace; distance between distalmost lateral incisions 0.2 distance between proximalmost lateral incisions; dorsal surface horizontal, with numerous small scale-like setose ridges; lateral margin with 4 deeply incised teeth.

Pterygostomian flap rugose, unarmed, ridges with short setae, anterior margin acute; upper margin, near linea anomurica, with numerous small teeth.

Sternum: As long as broad, lateral extremities gently divergent posteriorly.

Abdomen: Somites 2–4 each with 3 or 4 uninterrupted and 0–1 interrupted ridges; somite 6 with 2 medially interrupted ridges. Males with G1 and G2.

Eyes: Ocular peduncles 1.3 times longer than broad, maximum corneal diameter 0.8 rostrum width.

Antennule: Article 1 with 2 well-developed distal spines, distodorsal larger, distomesial obsolescent; 2 small spines along lateral margin. Ultimate article with tuft of long fine setae on distodorsal margin.

Antenna: Article 1 with ventral distomesial spine not reaching end of article 2. Article 2 with 2 distal spines, distolateral spine as long as distomesial, and barely reaching end of article 3. Articles 3 and 4 unarmed.

Mxp3: Ischium with flexor margins ending in small spine, extensor margin ending in acute angle; crista dentata with 20 or 21 denticles. Merus shorter than ischium; flexor margin with 3 spines, proximal spine clearly longer than others, median spine smaller than distal; extensor margin ending in acute point. Carpus unarmed.

P1: 4.6 times carapace length, with numerous setiferous small scales, and some scattered long setae. Merus 2.2 times carapace length, twice longer than carpus, with numerous spines, dorsomesial and distal spines stronger than others. Carpus 0.7 length of palm, 4.0 times as long as broad; dorsal surface with some small spines; mesial margin with row of spines. Palm 5.0 times longer than broad, lateral and mesial margins subparallel; small spines arranged roughly in dorsal, dorsolateral and dorsomesial rows. Fingers 0.7 times palm length, each finger distally with two rows of teeth, spooned; fingers unarmed.

P2–4: long and slender, with some setose striae and sparse long setae. P2 3.0 times carapace length. Meri successively shorter posteriorly (P3 merus 0.7 length of P2 merus, P4 merus 0.8 length of P3 merus); P2 merus as long as carapace, 7.0 times as long as broad, 1.2 times longer than P2 propodus. P3 merus 5.2 times as long as broad, 1.1 times longer than P3 propodus. P4 merus 4.5 times as long as broad, 0.9 times longer than P4 propodus. Extensor margin with row of 10 proximally diminishing spines on P2, 6 spines on P4; ventral margins distally ending in strong spine, lateral sides with row of small spines on P4. Carpi with 8 spines on extensor margin; lateral surface with 7 or 8 small spines sub-paralleling extensor margin; flexor distal margin acute. Propodi 6.5–7.5 times as long as broad; extensor margin with 3 or 4 small proximal spines; flexor margin with 6 or 7 slender movable spines, distal two spines with another smaller spine mesial to them. Dactyli distally ending in well-curved strong spine, length 0.5 that of propodi; flexor margin with 8 or 9 proximally diminishing teeth, distal one clearly larger than penultimate.

Epipods present only on P1.

Coloration. Base color translucent orange, whith reddish longitudinal stripe on each branchial region and lateral margins of abdominal somites 2–3. P1 orange, with red spines. P2–4 translucent orange.

Remarks. The new species is close to G. inconspicua Henderson, 1885 (see Remarks of G. inconspicua ).

Distribution. Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu; 260– 418 m.

Figures

FIGURE 99. Galathea scolopia n. sp., holotype, male, 4.2 mm, Vanuatu (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 15855). A, carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; B, sternal plastron; C, left part of cephalothorax, ventral view, showing antennular and antennal peduncles, and anterior part of pterygostomian flap; D, ischium, merus and carpus of right Mxp 3, lateral view; E, right P 1, dorsal view; F, right P 2, lateral view; G, left P 4, lateral view. Scale: A, E, G, H = 1 mm; F = 2 mm; B – D = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 120. Dorsal view. A, Galathea pubescens Stimpson, 1858, Vanuatu, male 6.2 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 15948). B, Galathea punctata n. sp., Vanuatu, ovigerous female 5.0 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 8491). C, Galathea rubrispina n. sp., Papua New Guinea, holotype, male 2.4 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 377). D, Galathea schnabelae n. sp.. Maldives, holotype, male 3.3 mm (UF 40283). E, Galathea scolopia n. sp., Papua New Guinea, male 3.8 mm (MNHN-IU- 2011 - 4479). F, Galathea senta n. sp., Vanuatu, ovigerous female 3.4 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 14361). G, Galathea sinensis Dong & Li, 2010, Vanuatu, ovigerous female 5.7 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 8229). H, Galathea spinosorostris Dana, 1852, Hawaii, female 2.2 mm (UF 12200). I, Galathea subsquamata Stimpson, 1858, Papua New Guinea, male 3.8 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 13503).