Galanthus panjutinii Zubov & A.P. Davis, 2012

Zubov, Dmitriy A. & Davis, Aaron P., 2012, Galanthus panjutinii sp. nov.: a new name for an invalidly published species of Galanthus (Amaryllidaceae) from the northern Colchis area of Western Transcaucasia, Phytotaxa 50 (1), pp. 55-63 : 57-60

Galanthus panjutinii Zubov & A.P. Davis sp. nov. ( Figs. 1 & 2 )

[ Galanthus valentinae Panjut. nom. herb. 1938 (LE)]

[ Galanthus valentinae Panjut. ex Grossh. (1940: 194) , nom. nud.; Kem.-Nath. (1947: 179), nom. nud.; Grossh. (1949: 631), nom. nud.; Kolak. (1961: 150), nom. nud.; Khokhr. (1966: 60), nom. nud.; Kolak. (1980: 201), nom. nud.; Kolak. (1986: 112, table 20, fig. 2), nom. nud.; Zubov & Didenko (2011: 219), nom. nud.]

[ Galanthus latifolius sensu Kolak. (1938: 271) , non Rupr.]

G. panjutinii a G. krasnovii foliis anguste oblongis ad anguste oblongis-oblanceolatis (nec foliis anguste oblanceolatis ad oblanceolatis, sive oblanceolatis-spathulatis); perigonii phyllis internis obovatis (nec oblanceolatis); perigonii phyllarum internarum apice obtuse rotundato et marginibus planis (nec apice plus minusve acutato, integro et marginibus undulatis); sinu innotabili non characteristico vix praesenti vel raro sinu nullo (nec sinu nullo); perigonii phyllarum internarum macula basali suffusa viridula praesenti (nec macula basali nulla) differt. G. panjutinii a G. platyphylli foliis anguste oblongis ad anguste oblongis-oblanceolatis (nec foliis anguste oblanceolatis ad oblanceolatis); antheris in apiculum distinctum angustatis (nec antheris apiculi destituti et apice mutico); floribus elongate pyriformibus anthesis initio (nec floribus subglobosis (plus minusve ovoideis)); folii apice revoluto (nec folii apice recto) differt.

Type: — ABKHAZIA: Western Transcaucasia : Abkhazia, Gagra vicinities, 1600 m, 12 Apr. 1913, Sakharov 634 (holotype LE; isotype LE) .

Bulb ovoid-obclavate, (1.7–)2.0–3.0 × (1.2–) 1.5–2.1 cm, bulb scales whitish, bulb partially and irregularly covered with a brown papery tunic; roots slightly succulent, whitish. Basal sheath tubular, (3.4–)4.0–6.5 × 0.6–0.9 cm, whitish. Leaves supervolute in vernation; leaf blades at the beginning of flowering and afterwards recurving, narrowly oblong to narrowly oblong-oblanceolate, narrowing in basal 1/3, at maturity 22.0–25.0 × 2.0–4.0(–4.5) cm; apex acute, ± flat to cucullate, revolute, often with a short point at the tip; base narrowly attenuate; midrib conspicuous; margins flat to slightly undulate; surfaces often with two or four longitudinal folds (leaves bent slightly upwards or slightly downwards), texture smooth to slightly puckered; upper and lower surfaces concolorous, bright medium-green, with an oil-like sheen. Scape 1(–2), 18.8–25.0 cm long, 2.1–2.3 mm in diameter, bright medium-green. Pedicel 2.7–4.0(–5.0) cm long, 0.8–1.0 mm in diameter. Spathe 2.9–4.1 × (0.9–) 1.1–1.4 cm, light green. Flowers narrowly pyriform when closed (i.e. in outline shape). Outer perianth segments 3, narrowly obovate to narrowly obovate-elliptic, 2.3–3.0 × 0.7–1.3 cm; base unguiculate, particularly as flowers mature, claw 0.6–1.4 cm long; apex acute, slightly cucullate. Inner perianth segments 3, ± ⅓ the size of the outer perianth segments, obovate, 0.8–1.2 × 0.4–0.8 cm, white; apex rounded to rounded-truncate, with a small sinus (notch), 0.2–0.6 mm deep, or sinus sometimes absent, with a hemispherical or broad U-shaped green mark, or the mark reduced to two small, dot-like to triangular marks on both sides of the sinus or sometimes apical marks absent; base acute-truncate, with a diffuse, greenish mark covering the basal ¼ of the segment or mark absent; margins flat. Anthers: filaments 6, in two whorls, c. 1.4 mm long, thicker at base, oval in cross section, c. 0.2 mm in diameter, whitish; anther sacs triangular-sagittate, (4–)5–7 × 4–5 mm, apex sharply acute, base ± cordate. Capsule (at flowering), ellipsoid-cylindrical to ellipsoid-obovoid, often slightly triangular, (0.5–)1.0–1.5 × (0.4–) 0.7–0.9 cm, bright medium green; ovary trilocular, with several ovules per locule, placentation axile, ± ellipsoid, 0.4–0.6 cm in diameter. Capsule (at fruiting) not seen, seeds not seen. Chromosome number 2n=24 ( Takhtajan 1990).

Distribution:— Western Transcaucasia (Tuapse-Adler region: Aїbga Ridge; Abkhazia region: Bzyb’ Ridge and Gagra Ridge); a narrowly local northern Colchis endemic. Possibly a preglacial relict of the ancient Mediterranean flora. (Fig. 3).

Habitat & ecology:— Described from the border of the lower alpine montane meadow and Abies nordmanniana forest, at 1600 m; observed in the subalpine and middle montane forest belts (incl. Fagus orientalis ) of calcareous ridges, along streams, in forest clearings, on limestone outcrops, rarely in inversion dells at c. 400 m; (400–) 800–1800 m elevation; growing on humus-carbonaceous montane forest brown soils. Syntopic with G. woronowii . Sciophyte, calciphile.

Phenology: — Flowering: (March–)April to June; fruiting period not recorded, but probably from May to July.

Specimens examined:— Western Transcaucasia : Abkhazia – Gagra vicinities, 1600 m, 12 Apr 1913 (fl.), Sakharov 634 (holotype: LE; isotype: LE); near Gagra , south slope of mountain range Berchil , of the river Sandrdipsh , vicinity of village Guzlya, 12 km NE of Gagra, 1200–1800 m, 27 Jun 1989 (fl.), Geltman et al. 3204 & 3232 ( LE) ; on the road to Ritza Auadkara [Auadkara], 1 Jun 1988 (fl.), Chitanava s.n. ( LE) . Russia – Tuapse-Adler region – Adler vicinities, Aїbga Ridge, oriental beech forest, 800 m, 12 Apr 2008 (fl.), Bondareva & Zubov s.n. ( KWHA) .

Conservation assessment:— Considered ‘Endangered’ (EN; IUCN 2001). B1ab(i, iii)+2b(i). B1—extent of occurrence (EOO) estimated to be less than 5000 km 2 (549.5 km 2 for G. panjutinii ); a—known to exist at no more than five locations ( G. panjutinii is known from five locations based on seven user points); b (i, iii)— continuing decline projected for EOO (i), and quality of habitat (iii). 2b(i)—area of occupancy (AOO) estimated to be less than 500 km 2 (20 km 2 for G. panjutinii based on a cell width of 2 km). In March 2011 it was observed (D. Zubov, O. Bondareva) that a large part of one location is already destroyed due to the ongoing construction of facilities for the 2014 Winter Olympics, which will be held in Sochi.

FIGURE 3. Approximate distribution of Galanthus panjutinii (●), G. krasnovii (̝), and G. platyphyllus () based on collection localities.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Galanthus panjutinii (A–J from Bondareva & Zubov s.n., by Lucy T. Smith). A. Habit. B. Flower and upper part of scape. C. Leaf (adaxial view). D. Leaf (abaxial). E. Outer perianth segment (abaxial). F. Outer perianth segment (adaxial). G. Inner perianth segment (abaxial). H. Inner perianth segment (adaxial view). J. Receptacle (including ovary), showing attachment of anthers. K. Anthers (abaxial and side views). Scale bar: A, C, D = 3.0 cm; B = 1.5 cm; E–H = 7.0 mm; J = 4.0 mm; K = 2.5 mm.

FIGURE 2. Galanthus panjutinii (all photographs by Olga Bondareva). A. Variation in inner perianth segment markings. B. Plants in natural habitat in the Tuapse-Adler region, on the Aїbga Ridge. C. Close up of inflorescence.