Pseudococcinae Cockerell 1905

Hodgson, Chris, 2020, A review of neococcid scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) based on the morphology of the adult males, Zootaxa 4765 (1), pp. 1-264 : 37-38

Subfamily Pseudococcinae Cockerell 1905

Introduction. Quite a few adult males of this subfamily have been described in detail (see Appendix A ), starting with Theron 1958, followed Beardsley (1960, 1962, 1964) and Afifi 1968; Afifi & Kozsztarab 1967; Afifi et al. 1976). For more recent studies, see Appendix A . Almost all of these males are macropterous and of rather uniform structure and fall within the diagnosis above. In addition, Williams and Miller (1999) described the adult male of Quadrigallicoccus lauracearum Williams & Miller. This latter species is gall inducing and, although the male is an otherwise typical macropterous male, the abdomen and particularly the penial sheath have become considerably elongated, presumably to assist in fertilization of the female within the gall. This abdominal and/or penial sheath extension is typical of many males of gall-inducing Eriococcidae ( Hodgson & Miller 2010; Semple et al. 2015).

Examples of macropterous adult male pseudococcine mealybugs are illustrated in Figs 10–12 , e.g., Paracoccus glaucus (Maskell) , Trabutina elastica Marchal and? Spilococcus atriplex (Cockerell) ; while an apterous pseudococcine mealybug, Oracella acuta (Lobdell) and an allomyrmococcine mealybug, Promyrmococcus dilli Williams are shown in Figs 13 , 14 .

For differences between Pseudococcidae and Eriococcidae , see key on p. 19.

Figures

FIGURE 10. Paracoccus glaucus (Maskell). Macropterous male. (Pseudococcidae, Pseudococcinae). Where C=loculate pores, D=simple pore, J=dorsal view of penial sheath, K1=tibio-tarsal articulation, and K2=proximal end of metathoracic leg, L=ventral view of penial sheath and N=side view of penial sheath. For abbreviations, see p. 8.

FIGURE 11. Spilococcus atriplicis (Cockerell) Macropterous male. (Pseudococcidae, Pseudococcinae). Where C=loculate pore, D=fleshy seta and E=hair-like seta.

FIGURE 12. Trabutina elastica (Marchal). Macropterous male (Pseudococcidae, Pseudococcinae). Where C=loculate pore, D=fleshy seta and E=hair-like seta.

FIGURE 13. Oracella acuta (Lobdell).Apterous male (Pseudococcidae, Pseudococcinae). Where A=dorsal view of thorax and B=ventral view of thorax, C=loculate pore and D=fleshy seta.

FIGURE 14. Promyrmococcus dilli Williams. Apterous adult male. (Pseudococcidae, Pseudococcinae, Allomyrmococcini). Where C=loculate pore, D=simple pore, J=dorsal view of penial sheath, K=proximal end of metathoracic leg, L=ventral view of penial sheath, P=anterior and posterior views of trochanter, Q=apex of antenna, R=circuli and T=ventral view of right side of head. For abbreviations, see p. 8. (Modified after Williams 2002).

Appendix A. A list of descriptions of extant adult male Coccomorpha, mainly since Theron’s pioneering work of 1958. It is unlikely to be complete, and so please contact the author if you know of others.