Synapha Meigen

Amorim, Dalton De Souza & Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira, 2013, Types of Neotropical Mycetophilidae (Diptera) at the Natural History Museum collection, London, Zootaxa 3726 (1), pp. 1-119 : 29-30

Synapha Meigen

Synapha Meigen 1818: 227 . Type-species, S. Fasciata Meigen (mon.).

S. flavipalpis Freeman 1951: 69 , fig. 130 (mid tibia sense organ), 133 (♂ terminalia). Type-locality: Argentina, Río Negro, Lago Correntoso. Holotype ♂, NHM.

( Figure 69 )

Notes. The type series included the male holotype and four male paratypes, of which three of the male paratypes are at the NHM. The labels of the holotype are: “ Synapha / flavipalpis [hw] / Freeman. / HOLOTYPE ” [printed on red label]” // [male terminalia on a microslide attached to a pinned plastic stripe]” // “HOLO- / TYPE” [printed in black on a rounded label with red border]” // “Lago Correntoso / 18–25.xi.1926.” // “ Argentina: / Terr. Río Negro. / F. & M. Edwards / B.M. 1927–63.” // “BMNH(E) # / 253874”. The holotype is in good condition, with both wings and the distal part of the abdomen mounted with the terminalia onto the pinned acetate sheet. The paratype NHM type numbers are # 253875-7 and one of them has the terminalia also dissected .

S. fumipennis Freeman 1951: 69 , figs. 129 (mid tibial sense organ), 134 (♂ terminalia). Type-locality: Chile, Llanquihue , Peulla. Holotype ♂, NHM.

( Figure 70 )

Notes. The type series included the male holotype and a single female paratype, both of which are at the NHM. The holotypes labels are: “ Synapha / fumipennis [hw] / Freeman. / HOLOTYPE ” [printed on red label]” // [male terminalia on a microslide attached to a pinned plastic stripe]” // “HOLO- / TYPE” [printed in black on a rounded label with red border]” // “Peulla / 12–13.xii.1926.” // “S. Chile: / Llanquihue. / F. & M. Edwards / B.M. 1927–63.” // “BMNH(E) # / 253878”. Both the holotype and the paratype ( BMNH (E) # 253879) are in very good condition .

S. funerea Freeman 1951: 68 , fig. 131 (midtibial sense organ), 132 (♂ terminalia). Type-locality: Chile, Llanquihue , Casa Pangue. Holotype ♂, NHM.

( Figure 71 )

Notes. The type series included the male holotype, eighteen male and thirteen female paratypes, of which fifteen male and ten female paratypes are at the NHM. The holotype labels are as follows: “ Synapha / funerea [hw] / Freeman. / HOLOTYPE ” [printed on red label]” // [male terminalia on a microslide attached to a pinned plastic stripe]” // “HOLO- / TYPE” [printed in black on a rounded label with red border]” // “Casa Pangue / 4– 10.xii.1926.” // “S. Chile: / Llanquihue Prov. / F. & M. Edwards / B.M. 1927–63.” // “BMNH(E) # / 253848”. One male and a female paratype are pinned together; five male paratypes have their terminalia dissected and mounted .

S. idalis Lane 1954a: 106 . Type-locality: Brazil, São Paulo, Campos do Jordão. Holotype ♂, MZUSP.

Notes. The type series included the male holotype, a female allotype, and 11 male paratypes. Three paratypes ( BMNH (E) # 253881-3) are at the NHM. Two of them have their terminalia dissected and mounted between microslides attached to a pinned acetate sheet; in both cases, however, the microslides detached from the card and are placed within a small tube, kept in the same unit tray. The third paratype is also a male, with the terminalia not dissected .

S. juno Lane 1954a: 106 . Type-locality: Brazil, São Paulo, Salesópolis, Estação Biológica de Boracéia. Holotype ♂, MZUSP.

Notes. The type series included the male holotype, a female allotype, and three male paratypes, of which a male paratype ( BMNH (E) # 253881-3) is at the NHM .

S. nigrescens Lane 1954a: 107 . Type-locality: Brazil, São Paulo, Campos do Jordão. Holotype ♂, MZUSP.

Notes. The type series included the male holotype and five male paratypes, of which one male paratype (from Salesópolis) is at the NHM ( BMNH (E) # 253880). The terminalia is dissected and mounted between glass microslides .

S. rufescens Edwards 1932: 140 . Type-locality: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Petrópolis and Rio de Janeiro. Holotype ♂, NHM.

Notes. The original publication refers to a male (“type”) from Rio [de Janeiro] and another male (“cotype”) from Petrópolis. The NHM has only the specimen from Rio, labeled as holotype. The indication of syntypes for this species in Papavero (1978: 26) is incorrect. The holotype labels are: “Rio [pr] x-1929 [hw] / Borgmeier” [pr] // “HOLO- / TYPE” [printed in black on a rounded label with red border] // “Type” [printed in black on a rounded label with red border] // “ Brazil: / Th. Borgmeier. / B.M. 1931-577.” // Synapha / rufescens Edw. [hw] / F.W. Edwards. / det. 1931. // “ HOLOTYPE [pr] / Synapha / rufescens [hw] / det. J.E. Chainey, 1995 [pr]” // “BMNH(E) # / 253847”. The male holotype is in excellent condition; the terminalia has not been dissected.

Figures

FIGURES 66–76. Mycetophilidae habitus. 66. Dziedzickia fiebrigi Edwards, paratype ♂. 67. Dziedzickia flavonigra Lane, holotype ♀. 68. Dziedzickia funerea Freeman, holotype ♂. 69. Synapha flavipalpis Freeman, holotype ♂. 70. Synapha fumipennis Freeman, holotype ♂. 71. Synapha funerea Freeman, paratype ♂. 72. Docosia cuzcoensis Edwards, paratype ♂. 73. Docosia pammela Edwards, syntype ♀. 74. Leia amabilis (Williston), paralectotype ♀. 75. Leia amabilis (Williston), paralectotype ♀. 76. Leia biamputata Edwards, holotype ♂.