Iuiuniscus iuiuensis Souza, Ferreira & Senna, 2015

Campos-Filho, Ivanklin Soares, Fernandes, Camile Sorbo, Cardoso, Giovanna Monticelli, Bichuette, Maria Elina, Aguiar, José Otávio & Taiti, Stefano, 2019, Two new species and new records of terrestrial isopods (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea) from Brazilian caves, Zootaxa 4564 (2), pp. 422-448 : 425-427

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4564.2.6
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3B988AC3-1380-4E29-8E71-402BA89ACDAD
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5924065
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B16A4B-5674-FFEE-FF49-322EFBF1FD75
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Iuiuniscus iuiuensis Souza, Ferreira & Senna, 2015
status

Treatment

Iuiuniscus iuiuensis Souza, Ferreira & Senna, 2015 View in CoL

Figs 3–6 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6 , 17A View FIGURE 17

Iuiuniscus iuiuensis Souza, Ferreira & Senna, 2015: 6 View in CoL , figs 1–6.

Material examined. Bahia, Iuiu, Serra do Ramalho karst area: 3 males, 2 females ( LES 14353), Lapa do Baixão cave , 14°23’08”S, 43°37’35”W, 8 December 2013, leg. D.M. von Schimonsky and J.E. Gallão. GoogleMaps

Remarks. Some characters of the species described by Souza et al. (2015) are given (see Figs 3–6 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6 ):

Body outline as in Fig. 3A View FIGURE 3 . Dorsal surface bearing triangular fan-shaped scale setae ( Fig. 3B View FIGURE 3 ) Cephalon ( Fig. 3C View FIGURE 3 ) with V-shaped suprantennal line. Telson ( Fig. 3D View FIGURE 3 ) triangular, proximal portion wider than distal portion, lateral sides concave, distal margin broadly rounded.

Antennula and antenna as in Fig. 3E and F View FIGURE 3 , respectively.

Right mandible ( Fig. 4A View FIGURE 4 ) with one penicil and left mandible ( Fig. 4B View FIGURE 4 ) with two penicils.

Maxillula ( Fig. 4C View FIGURE 4 ) outer endite with 4+4 teeth simple at apex plus two slender setae. Maxilla ( Fig. 4D View FIGURE 4 ) with subequal lobes, inner lobe covered with thick setae. Maxilliped ( Fig. 4E View FIGURE 4 ) endite with distal margin bearing two triangular teeth and one large rounded penicil.

Pereopods 6 and 7 ( Fig. 5C, D View FIGURE 5 ) with water conducting system.

Uropod ( Fig. 5E View FIGURE 5 ) with exopod distinctly longer than endopod, both inserted at same level.

Male. Pereopods 1–5 merus with proximal lobe bearing scales and setae ( Fig. 5A, B View FIGURE 5 ); pereopods 6 and 7 merus with reduced lobe ( Fig. 5C, D View FIGURE 5 ). Genital papilla as in Fig. 6A View FIGURE 6 . Pleopod 1 ( Fig. 6B View FIGURE 6 ) protopod very wide, outer margin cleft, proximal portion short and triangular, distal portion broad and rounded; exopod triangular; endopod of two articles, longer than exopod, second article flagelliform. Pleopod 2 ( Fig. 6C View FIGURE 6 ) protopod short and slender on outer portion; exopod triangular, outer margin slightly convex; endopod of two articles, about four times as long as exopod, distal portion bearing two slender lobes. Pleopod 3 exopod ( Fig. 6D View FIGURE 6 ) triangular, as wide as long, completely covering pleopod 2, outer margin bearing two plumose setae. Pleopod 4 exopod ( Fig. 6E View FIGURE 6 ) subquadrangular bearing plumose setae. Pleopod 5 exopod ( Fig. 6F View FIGURE 6 ) triangular, outer margin convex bearing two plumose setae, small subrectangular lobe to accommodate pleopod 2 endopod at proximal inner corner.

The troglobiotic genus Iuiuniscus was erected by Souza et al. (2015) to allocate the new amphibious species Iuiuniscus iuiuensis from Lapa do Baixão cave, Iuiu, state of Bahia. The authors placed the new genus in a new subfamily, Iuiuniscinae Souza, Ferreira & Senna, 2015 , based on flexible body with ability to fold, dorsal surface smooth, pereonites 1–7 epimera enlarged, pereopod 1 shorter than pereopods 2–7, pleonites with epimera very long, shape of telson, and shelter-builder behavior. As mentioned by the authors, the shelter-builder behavior is related to the molting process, reproductive patterns, reduction of water loss and predator pressure (for more details see discussion in Souza et al. 2015).

Souza et al. (2015) mentioned that Iuiuniscus iuiuensis exhibits the male endopod 2 similar to that found in Spelunconiscus castroi Campos-Filho, Araujo & Taiti, 2014 (see Campos-Filho et al. 2014), which is confirmed herein. The examination of the material from the Lapa do Baixão cave (type locality) permitted to discover more additional morphological traits similar to those found in S. castroi , i.e. shape of cephalon, telson with distal margin rounded, antennal flagellum multi-articulate, maxilliped endite with two triangular teeth and large rounded penicil, shape of the dactylus of the pereopods, uropod branches inserted at the same level, and shape of the male pleopods 3–5 exopods (see Campos-Filho et al. 2014). In addition, some morphological traits are similar to those found in Xangoniscus : dorsal scale-setae double-fringed, telson with distal portion rounded, maxilliped endite with a large rounded penicil, shape of male genital papilla, and male pleopod 1 exopod and endopod (see Campos-Filho et al. 2014, 2016; Bastos-Pereira et al. 2017).

The common morphological characters between Iuiuniscus and Spelunconiscus , in particular the shape of male pleopod 2 endopod, which is often used as diagnostic character in the genera of Styloniscidae , may indicate that Iuiuniscus and Spelunconiscus are phylogenetically closely related. In addition, the genera Iuiuniscus , Spelunconiscus and Xangoniscus share a common character, i.e. the male pleopod 3 exopod enlarged and covering the pleopods 1 and 2, which probably evolved to protect the endopods of pleopods 1 and 2 with a complex reproductive apparatus (see Campos-Filho et al. 2016). Future phylogenetic studies including morphological and molecular data are necessary to clarify the relationships of these three genera and the validity of the subfamily Iuiuniscinae .

LES	Leeds Museums and Galleries

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Taxonomy

Kingdom	Animalia
Phylum	Arthropoda
Class	Malacostraca
Order	Isopoda
Family	Styloniscidae
Genus	Iuiuniscus