Comanthus parvicirrus ( Müller, 1841 )

Kogo, Ichizo, Fujita, Toshihiko & Kubodera, Tsunemi, 2019, Shallow-water Comatulids (Echinodermata: Crinoidea) from Ambon and Lombok Islands, Indonesia, Species Diversity 24, pp. 229-246 : 237

Comanthus parvicirrus ( Müller, 1841)

Alecto parvicirra Müller, 1841: 145 .

Actinometra parvicirra — Carpenter 1881: 204; 1882: 519; 1888: 338, pl. 61, pl. 67 figs 3, 4; Hartlaub 1891: 96.

Comanthus (Comanthus) parvicirra —A. H. Clark 1911a: 536; Utinomi and Kogo 1965: 265.

Comanthus (Validia) parvicirra —A. H. Clark 1911b: 18.

Comanthus (Vania) parvicirra —A. H. Clark 1918: 54; Gislén 1922: 50, figs 41–43.

Comanthus parvicirum —H. L. Clark 1915: 103.

Comanthus parvicirra —A. H. Clark 1911b: 8 (list); 1912a: 97; 1912b: 10; 1913: 17; 1929: 637; 1931: 631, pl. 29 fig. 88, pl. 65 fig. 184, pl. 73 fig. 200, pl. 78 figs 209, 210, pl. 79 figs 211–214, pl. 80 figs 215–218, pl. 81 fig. 221; 1936: 299; 1937: 99; Reichensperger 1913: 88; H. L. Clark 1915: 101, 103; 1921: 19; 1946: 39; Gislén 1927: 18; 1940: 8.

Comanthus parvicirrus —A. M. Clark and Rowe 1971: 16 (key); A. M. Clark 1972: 77; 1982: 486 (table); Gibbs et al. 1976: 109; Meyer and Macurda 1980: 80; Marshall and Rowe 1981: 383; Liao 1983: 264; Zmarzly 1984: 108, fig. 4; Rowe et al. 1986: 211, fig. 5a, b; Vail 1987: 553, 554 (table); Chen et al. 1988: 76, fig. 10; Fabricius 1994: 1228 (table); Messing 1994: 239 (list); 1998b: 189 (table); 2007: 97; Liao and A. M. Clark 1995: 21, fig. 10, pl. 2 fig. 1; Rowe and Gates 1995: 144; Kogo 1998: 33, fig. 26; 2002: 10; MarshallCrossland and Price 1999: 26; Lane et al. 2000: 476 (table); Pilcher and Messing 2001: 16 (table); Kirkendale and Messing 2003: 531; Kogo and Fujita 2005: 331; Mekhova and Britayev 2012: 916; Summers et al. 2014: 337; Messing and Tay 2016: 638.

Alecto timorensis Müller, 1841: 145 .

Comatula timorensis — Müller 1849: 263.

Comanthus timorensis —A. H. Clark 1931: 603, pl. 64 fig. 181, pl. 75 fig. 204, pl. 76 fig. 205, pl. 77 figs 206, 207; 1936: 299; Gislén 1940: 7; H. L. Clark 1946: 38.

Actinometra annulata Bell, 1882: 535 , pl. 35.

Comanthus (Comanthus) annulata —A. H. Clark 1911a: 530.

Comanthus annulata —A. H. Clark 1912a: 98; 1912b: 9; 1913: 17; H. L. Clark 1921: 16.

Comanthus annulatum —H. L. Clark 1915: 101.

Comanthus (Vania) annulata —A. H. Clark 1918: 53; Gislén 1922: 49, figs 37–40.

Comanthus intricata A. H. Clark, 1908b: 220 .

Material examined. 16 specimens. Ambon Is. NSMT E-8104 (1 specimen, juvenile), Pombo I ., November 26, 1992,; NSMT E-8125 (1, 10 arms), E-8129 (1), Pombo I ., 10 m, November 28, 1992; NSMT E-8149 (1), Latuhalat, 15 m, December 1, 1992; NSMT E-8154 (1), E-8168 (1), Silale , 15 m, December 2, 1992; NSMT E-8178 (1), Eri, 10 m, December 4, 1992; NSMT E-8183 (1), Leahari, December 8, 1992; NSMT E-8191 (1), Lilibooi, 15 m, December 9, 1992 . Lombok Is. NSMT E-8193 (1), E-8211 (1), E-8221 (1) ,

E-8235 (1), E-8239 (1), E-8240 (1), E-8245 (1), Gili Air I., February 3, 1994.

Description. Centrodorsal small, thin discoidal, round, pentagonal or stellate in aboral view, 2.5–3.5 mm across, up to 0.5 mm thick, with cirrus sockets in 1 aligned row. Cirri short and weak, VI–X, 8–15, 7– 12 mm long. Longest cirrals (5 th –7 th) 1.3 times longer than wide; 2–3 distal cirrals with a low transverse ridge. Radials trapezoidal, in contact laterally. IBr 2: Ibr 1 oblong, in contact laterally; Ibr 2 (axil) triangular, free or in contact laterally. IIBr and IIIBr 4(3+4), rarely 2. IVBr all 4(3+4). Arms 19–42; anterior arms 70–180 mm, posterior arms 40–80 mm long; first syzygy at br 3+4. PII longest, 10–13 mm long, of 34–48 segments; combs of 6–12 discrete teeth confluent with outer edge of pinnulars; first comb tooth transverse. Combed pinnule tips usually coiled. Pinnule combs to middle, often to distal pinnules. Middle pinnulars of distal pinnule with smooth distal edge.

Distribution. South Africa (A. M. Clark 1972); western Indian Ocean, Bay of Bengal, Indonesia, Philippines, China (A. M. Clark and Rowe 1971); southern Vietnam ( Mekhova and Britayev 2012); Sumatra ( MarshallCrossland and Price 1999); Singapore ( Messing and Tay 2016); Hong Kong (A. M. Clark 1982); northern Australia (A. M. Clark and Rowe 1971; Rowe et al. 1986; Rowe and Gates 1995); Great Barrier Reef ( Gibbs et al. 1976; Vail 1987; Fabricius 1994; Rowe and Gates 1995); eastern Australia ( Rowe and Gates 1995); Coral Sea ( Rowe et al. 1986); Papua New Guinea ( Messing 1994); Micronesia ( Meyer and Macurda 1980; Zmarzly 1984; Messing 1998b, 2007; Kirkendale and Messing 2003); South Pacific Ocean (A. M. Clark and Rowe 1971); South China Sea ( Lane et al. 2000); Japan (A. M. Clark and Rowe 1971; Kogo 1998, 2002; Pilcher and Messing 2001; Kogo and Fujita 2005). Depth range: 1–110 m ( Lane et al. 2000).