Tangguoa tongguling Yao & Li, 2021

Yao, Zhiyuan, Luo, Yiping & Li, Shuqiang, 2021, Tangguoa gen. nov., one new genus of daddy-long-leg spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae) from southern China, Zootaxa 4938 (1), pp. 131-140 : 136-139

Tangguoa tongguling Yao & Li sp. nov.

Figs 4–5

Type material. Holotype: male (IZCAS-Ar41643), Tongguling (19°40.303′N, 111°1.068′E, elevation 337 m), Longlou Town , Wenchang, Hainan, China, 22 March 2012, Z. Chen leg. Paratypes: 1 male (IZCAS-Ar41644) and 2 females (IZCAS-Ar41645–41646), same data as holotype .

Etymology. The specific name refers to the type locality and is a noun in apposition.

Diagnosis. This species can be easily distinguished from T. laibin sp. nov. by procursus with sclerotized, narrow and curved ventral apophysis (arrow 2 in Fig. 4C ; absent in T. laibin sp. nov., Fig. 2C ), wide, sclerotized dorsal apophysis with scales (arrow 4 in Fig. 4C ; angular dorsal apophysis without scales in T. laibin sp. nov., arrow 3 in Fig. 2C ), and retrolateral apophysis with scales and pointed sclerite (arrow 5 in Fig. 4C ; two retrolateral processes without scales and sclerite in T. laibin sp. nov., arrows in Fig. 2D ), by male chelicerae with frontal apophyses with scales (arrow in Fig. 5C ; absent in T. laibin sp. nov., Fig. 3C ), by external female genitalia with two postero-lateral apophyses (arrows 1–2 in Fig. 5A ; absent in T. laibin sp. nov., Fig. 3A ), by vulval pore plates anteriorly wide and posteriorly narrow and blunt ( Fig. 5B ; anteriorly wide and posteriorly sharply pointed in T. laibin sp. nov., Fig. 3B ), and by opisthosoma with dorsal and lateral spots ( Figs 5 E–H; with posterior marks in T. laibin sp. nov., Figs 3 E–H).

Description. Male (holotype): Total length 2.03 (2.23 with clypeus), carapace 0.67 long, 0.96 wide, opisthosoma 1.36 long, 0.94 wide. Leg I: – (4.34 + 0.36 + 4.50 + 6.45 + –), leg II: 10.42 (3.16 + 0.35 + 2.78 + 3.02 + 1.11), leg III: 8.48 (2.42 + 0.31 + 2.04 + 2.90 + 0.81), leg IV: 11.05 (3.28 + 0.33 + 2.73 + 3.93 + 0.78); tibia I L/d: 49. Distance PME-PME 0.16, diameter PME 0.11, distance PME-ALE 0.03, AME absent. Sternum slightly wider than long (0.58/0.48). Habitus as in Figs 5 E–F. Carapace yellowish, with brown margins and wide, brown median stripe; ocular area brown; clypeus yellowish, with brown lateral marks; sternum brown. Legs brownish, but slightly whitish on distal parts of femora and tibiae, with distinct darker rings on subdistal parts of femora and proximal and subdistal parts of tibiae. Opisthosoma yellowish, with large, brown, dorsal and lateral spots. Ocular area slightly elevated and separated from rest of carapace. Thoracic furrow shallow, but distinct. Chelicerae ( Figs 5 C–D) with pair of proximo-lateral apophyses (arrow pa in Figs 5 C–D) with lateral apophyses and scales (arrow in Fig. 5D ), pair of frontal apophyses with scales (arrow in Fig. 5C ), and pair of distal apophyses with row of teeth each (arrow da in Figs 5 C–D). Pedipalps as in Figs 4 A–B; trochanter with retrolateral apophysis and ventral apophysis; femur strongly curved dorsally, with retrolateral apophysis; patella large; procursus simple proximally but complex distally, with sclerotized prolatero-ventral apophysis (arrow 1 in Fig. 4C ), sclerotized, narrow and curved ventral apophysis (arrow 2 in Fig. 4C ), sclerotized distal apophysis with scales (arrow 3 in Fig. 4C ), wide, sclerotized dorsal apophysis with scales (arrow 4 in Fig. 4C ), and retrolateral apophysis with scales and pointed sclerite (arrow 5 in Fig. 4C ); bulb simple, without other projections except for embolus. Retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia I at 11% proximally; legs with short vertical setae on metatarsi and tarsi, without spines or curved setae.

Female: Similar to male, habitus as in Figs 5 G–H. Total length 2.28 (2.43 with clypeus), carapace 0.79 long, 0.98 wide, opisthosoma 1.49 long, 1.06 wide; tibia I: 4.48; tibia I L/d: 49. Distance PME-PME 0.15, diameter PME 0.11, distance PME-ALE 0.03, AME absent. Sternum slightly wider than long (0.62/0.52). External female genitalia ( Fig. 5A ) brown, with postero-median apophysis (much longer than wide, arrow ma in Fig. 5A ) provided with pointed tip and two pointed postero-lateral apophyses (arrows 1–2 in Fig. 5A ), without pockets. Vulva ( Fig. 5B ) with curved anterior arch and pair of anteriorly wide and posteriorly narrow and blunt pore plates.

Variation: Tibia I in male paratype: 4.52. Tibia I in another female paratype: 4.56.

Natural history. The species was found in the leaf litter.

Distribution. China (Hainan, type locality; Fig. 1 ).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Distribution records of the genus Tangguoa gen. nov. from southern China. 1 Tangguoa laibin sp. nov., 2 Tangguoa tongguling sp. nov.

FIGURE 2. Tangguoa laibin sp. nov., holotype male.A–B. Pedipalp (A. Prolateral view; B. Retrolateral view); C–D. Distal part of procursus (C. Prolateral view, arrows 1–3 indicate prolatero-ventral, distal, and dorsal apophysis, respectively; D. Retrolateral view, arrows indicate retrolateral processes). b = bulb, e = embolus, pr = procursus. Scale bars: 0.10 (A–B), 0.05 (C–D).

FIGURE 3. Tangguoa laibin sp. nov., holotype male (C–F) and paratype female (A–B, G–H). A. External female genitalia, ventral view; B. Vulva, dorsal view; C–D. Chelicerae (C. Frontal view; D. Lateral view; arrow indicates lateral apophysis); E–H. Habitus (E, G. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view; H. Ventral view). da = distal apophysis, ma = postero-median apophysis, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.10 (A–D), 0.50 (E–H).

FIGURE 4. Tangguoa tongguling sp. nov., holotype male. A–B. Pedipalp (A. Prolateral view; B. Retrolateral view); C–D. Distal part of procursus (C. Prolateral view, arrows 1–5 indicate prolatero-ventral, ventral, distal, dorsal, and retrolateral apophysis, respectively; D. Retrolateral view). b = bulb, e = embolus, pr = procursus. Scale bars: 0.10 (A–B), 0.05 (C–D).

FIGURE 5. Tangguoa tongguling sp. nov., holotype male (C–F) and paratype female (A–B, G–H).A. External female genitalia, ventral view, arrows 1–2 indicate postero-lateral apophyses; B. Vulva, dorsal view; C–D. Chelicerae (C. Frontal view, arrow indicates frontal apophysis; D. Lateral view, arrow indicates lateral apophysis); E–H. Habitus (E, G. Dorsal view; F. Lateral view; H. Ventral view). da = distal apophysis, ma = postero-median apophysis, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.10 (A–D), 0.50 (E–H).