Tetragonula iridipennis ( Smith, 1854 )

Rasmussen, Claus, 2008, Catalog of the Indo-Malayan / Australasian stingless bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini), Zootaxa 1935, pp. 1-80 : 40

Tetragonula iridipennis ( Smith, 1854)

Trigona iridipennis Smith 1854: 413-414 : Holotype (BMNH 17b.1114, worker): examined, "Type" (orange border), "iridipennis / Type Sm.", "B.M.TYPE / HYM. / 17B.1114", " Trigona / iridipennis / TYPE. Smith.", "Ceylon" (reverse side "53 / 23"). Citations for iridipennis are included in a broad sense, as species limits for this taxon is uncertain. To the same group belongs also T. bengalensis , T. praeterita , and T. ruficornis , as well as several undescribed species (see Rasmussen & Cameron (2007)) (taxonomy); Type locality: SRI LANKA "Ceylon" (worker); Tennent 1859: 282 (list); Tennent 1861: 454 (list); Castets 1893: 468, 481-488 (nest); Dalla Torre 1896: 579 (citation); Bingham 1897: 560, 563-564 (distribution, key to species, taxonomy); MYANMAR, Tenasserim; SRI LANKA; Friese 1904: 140 (see laeviceps ); Friese 1909: 273 (comparative note); Strand 1913a: 149-150 (distribution (as laeviceps )); SRI LANKA; Friese 1914a: 12-13 (see laeviceps ); Friese 1914a: 12 (synonymy (as canifrons )); Friese 1914a: 12 (synonymy (as laeviceps )); Friese 1914b: 49, 57 (citation (as laeviceps )); Friese 1914b: 43-58 (citation, nest); Friese 1914b: 53-54, 57 (citation, synonymy (as canifrons )); Cockerell 1919b: 242 (comparative notes); Cockerell 1919c: 79 (comparative notes, key to species); Cockerell 1919a: 121 (see laeviceps ); Cockerell 1929c: 590, 592 (distribution, floral record, taxonomy, variation); CAMBODIA, Angkor (misidentification); Kum Puang Creek (misidentification); Nan (misidentification); Pahtoop Mt. (misidentification); INDIA , Bombay; Mangalore; PHILIPPINES, Palawan, Puerto Princesa (misidentification); SRI LANKA; THAILAND, Bangkok (misidentification); Floral record: Helianthus annuus ; Cockerell 1930b: 149 (distribution, floral record); MYANMAR, Rangoon; Floral record: Helianthus annuus ; Friese 1933a: 46 (see laeviceps ); George 1933: (physiology (as irridipennis! )); George 1934: (brood, distribution, morphology, nest (crevice of wall), physiology (as irridipennis! )); INDIA, Coimbatore ; Schwarz 1937: 283, 290, 308- 310*, 314, 316, 326, 328, plate 3, 4 (key to species, taxonomy); Schwarz 1939a: 85, 86, 88, 89, 90, 93, 96, 102, 108, 109, 110, 111-116*, 117, 118, 119, 120 (distribution, key to species, taxonomy (most of the specimens examined by Schwarz correspond to laeviceps , see laeviceps )); Schwarz 1939b: 151 (comparative note); Schwarz 1945: 139, 141 (citation); Schwarz 1948: 4, 23, 31, 33, 39, 48, 50, 60, 62, 67, 68, 71, 83, 84, 92, 109, 118, 141, 165, 233; Nogueira-Neto 1949: 121 (bee-keeping (as iridipenis! )); Krombein 1950: 133, 135 (comparative note); Krombein 1951: 278, 295 (morphology); Lindauer 1956: 546- 554, 555 (communication, nest); Pagden 1957: 16 (flight); Lindauer & Kerr 1958: 407, 410 (communication); Sakagami 1959: 120, 121 (comparative note); Portugal-Araújo & Kerr 1959: 226 (comparative note); Sakagami 1960: 146 (see laeviceps ); Lindauer & Kerr 1960: 31, 32, 34 (communication); SRI LANKA; Lindauer & Kerr 1960: 31, 32, 34; Kerr 1960: 386 (citation); Moure 1961: 206, 207, 208 (morphology, systematic position); Michener 1961: 3, 10, 28-33, 35, 38, 39, 42 (see laeviceps ); Sakagami & Yoshikawa 1961: 434, 435, 436 (comparative note); Darchen & Louis 1961: 18, 21, 25-27 (biogeography, communication, nest); Kerr et al. 1963: 81 (citation); Kerr & Maule 1964: (comparative note); Schmid 1964: 588 (citation); Michener 1965: 231 (citation); Kerr & Esch 1965: (comparative note); Baltazar 1966: 407 (see laeviceps ); Phadke 1968: (honey, uncertain identity (unidentified)); INDIA, Mysore , Madhya Pradesh; Kerr 1969: 166 (systematics); Darchen 1969: 482 (flight); Yoshikawa et al. 1969: 168, 169, 173 (see laeviceps ); Jander & Jander 1970: 361 (citation); Sakagami 1971: 345 (citation); Wille & Michener 1973: 14, 24, 30, 48, 59, 71, 94, 96, 98, 100, 102-103, 257 (nest); Michener 1974: 57, 153, 154, 343 (colony, nest); Sakagami 1975: 59 (comparative note); Kerr & Cunha 1976: (systematics); Zeuner & Manning 1976: 222-224, plate 2 (morphology); Wille 1977: (systematics); Kshirsagar & Chauhan 1977: (oviposition); INDIA , Karnataka; Moure & Camargo 1978: 565 (synonymy); Sakagami 1978: 165, 166-194, 196, 197, 200, 201, 202, 203, 205, 206, 208, 211, 212, 216-219*, 220, 221, 222, 225, 226, 227, 228, 230, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 247, plate 5 (taxonomy); INDIA ; SRI LANKA; Wille 1979b: 243 (comparative note); Koeniger & Vorvohl 1979: (foraging); SRI LANKA; Floral record: Boehmeria ; Cassia ; Cleome ; Cocos ; Erigeron ; Homonoia ; Lannea ; Mimosa ; Ocimum ; Phyllanthus ; Sapium ; Smithia ; Solanum ; Syzygium ; Taxillus ; Toona ; Tridax ; Vitex ; Divan 1981 ("1980"): (behavior); Sakagami & Ito 1981: 368, 373 (morphology); Wille 1983: 53 (population); Sakagami et al. 1983b: 6 (comparative note); Sakagami et al. 1983a: 101, 103, 106 (comparative note); Sakagami & Inoue 1985: 177, 182 (comparative note); Sakagami et al. 1985: (distribution); Utami 1986: (see laeviceps ); Sakagami & Khoo 1987: 208, 209 (comparative note); Sakagami & Inoue 1987: 625, 626 (morphology); Uji 1987: (see laeviceps ); Bichee & Sharma 1988: (pollination); Floral record: Helianthus annuus ; Mohana Rao 1988 ("1987"): (foraging); Floral record: Trigonella corniculata ; Camargo & Wittmann 1989: 223 (citation); Kumar & Kumar 1989: (foraging (as irridipensis! )); Floral record: Brassica campestris ; Cajanus cajan ; Mohana Rao & Suryanarayana 1989 ("1988"): 7 (pollination); Floral record: Citrullus lanatus ; Utami & Kahono 1989: (pollination); INDIA, Bogor ; Floral record: Areca vestiaria ; Percy 1989: (bee-keeping); Michener 1990: 89, 119, 120, 126, 127 (systematic position); Sakagami et al. 1990: (misidentification, synonymy); Sakagami & Inoue 1990: 212 (taxonomy); Goel & Kumar 1990: 44 (pollination); INDIA , W Uttar Pradesh; Floral record: Helianthus annuus ; Mohana Rao & Suryanarayana 1992 ("1990"): (pollination); Floral record: Guizotia abyssinica ; Oldroyd et al. 1992: 6 (citation); Ramanujam et al. 1993 ("1992"): (pollination); Floral record: Ageratum conyzoides ; Antigonon ; Azadirachta indica ; Bombax ; Cocos nucifera ; Cyanotis ; Delonix regia ; Eucalyptus globulus ; Lawsonia alba ; Leucaena leucocephala ; Loranthus longiflorus ; Peltophorum pterocarpum ; Prosopis juliflora ; Rotala densiflora ; Tamarindus indica ; Michener & Roubik 1993: 260 (comparative note, morphology); Cunha 1994: (systematics); Roubik 1995: 24, 41, 42 (pollination); Floral record: Allium ; Roubik 1995: 24, 41, 42, 151 (antropogenic nest); Grimaldi et al. 1995: 262, 263; Ikudome & Kusigemati 1996: 20 (taxonomy); Smiley et al. 1996: 198, 200 (see laeviceps ); Nogueira- Neto 1997: 90; Dollin et al. 1997: (distribution, taxonomy); SRI LANKA; Michener 1997: 57 (type species); Rao et al. 1999 ("1997"): (pollination); Floral record: Crateva magna ; Lakshmi & Suryanarayana 1999 ("1997"): (foraging (as inridipennis! )); Floral record: Ceiba pentandra ; Joshi et al. 1998: (honey, pollen); INDIA, Pune , Maharashtra; Floral record: Ageratum conyzoides ; Amaranthus ; Bombax ceiba ; Cocos nucifera ; Moringa oleifera ; Peltophorum pterocarpum ; Sorghum vulgare ; Zea mays ; Heard 1999a: 193, 194, 197, 198 (citation); Crane 1999: 301; Michener 2000: 800-802; Jarau et al. 2000: 86 (citation); Wu 2000: 387, 392-393 (key to species, morphology); Atluri et al. 2000: (pollination, uncertain identity (unidentified)); INDIA, Visakhapatnam ; Floral record: Helicteres isora ; Chaudhary & Kumar 2000: 39, 40 (pollination); Floral record: Elettaria cardamomum ; Mohan & Devanesan 2000: (bee-keeping, nest); Engel 2001: 176 (fossil (copal)); Koshy et al. 2001: (floral record, uncertain identity (as biroi )); INDIA, Cherthala, Alappuzha , Kerala; Thiruvananthapuram; Floral record: Bambusa vulgaris ; Ochlandra travancorica ; Wijesekara 2001: 153, 154 (distribution); Raju & Esradanam 2002: 1397 (floral record); Floral record: Jatropha curcas ; Kuberappa et al. 2002: (pollination); Floral record: Psidium guajava ; Hohmann 2003: (citation); Devanesan et al. 2003: (predator ( Amblyseius : Phytoseiidae : Acarina (of inquilines?); Hermetia illucens : Stratiomyidae : Diptera (of brood); Solenopsis geminata : Formicidae : Hymenoptera )); INDIA, Vellayani , Kerala; Raju & Rao 2003: 3 (population); Biesmeijer & Slaa 2004: 148 (citation, foraging); Michener & Boongird 2004: 143 (comparative note); Sharma 2004: 7 (pollination); Floral record: Allium ; Nagamitsu & Inoue 2005: 77 (distribution, foraging); Chinh et al. 2005: 367 (citation); Roubik 2005: 96 (distribution, food niche); Klakasikorn et al. 2005: 6 (citation); Eswarappa et al. 2005b: (pollination); INDIA, Bangalore ; Floral record: Sechium edule ; Eswarappa et al. 2005a: (pollination); INDIA, Bangalore ; Floral record: Sechium edule ; Eswarappa et al. 2005c: (pollination); INDIA, Bangalore ; Floral record: Sechium edule ; Raju et al. 2005: 1379 (pollination); Floral record: Wrightia tinctoria ; Raju 2005: 106 (floral record); Floral record: Woodfordia floribunda ; Raju et al. 2006: 940 (floral record); Floral record: Acacia caesia ; Raju & Rao 2006: 963, 965 (pollination); Floral record: Pongamia pinnata ; Inson & Malaipan 2006: (see laeviceps ); Rasmussen & Cameron 2007: (systematics); Michener 2007a: 824, 826.