Cattleyella (Van den Berg & M.W.Chase) Van den Berg, 2014

Berg, Cássio Van Den, 2014, Reaching a compromise between conflicting nuclear and plastid phylogenetic trees: a new classification for the genus Cattleya (Epidendreae; Epidendroideae; Orchidaceae), Phytotaxa 186 (2), pp. 75-86 : 83

2. Cattleya subgenus Cattleyella (Van den Berg & M.W.Chase) Van den Berg , comb. et stat. nov.

Basionym: Cattleyella Van den Berg & Chase (2004: 100) . Type species: Cattleya araguaiensis Pabst (1967: 9) . Schluckebieria Braem (2004: 49)

The sole species of this subgenus is distinct in habit and floral characters, and its placement elsewhere in Cattleya would be problematic from a morphological standpoint. Molecular results also placed it in an isolated position sister to the remainder of the genus or as sister to C. maxima , to which it bears no similarity. Initially, we segregated this species in a separate genus ( van den Berg & Chase 2004 b), a classification given up by van den Berg (2008) and here in order to be able to keep C. maxima Lindley (1833 : t. 116) in Cattleya . Floral morphology, especially apex of the column, and molecular results (Santos & van den Berg unpubl..) suggest that this taxon most likely originated as a hybrid between Cattleya and Brassavola Brown (1813: 216) . Its overall morphology supports its retention in Cattleya .

3. Cattleya subgenus Intermediae ( Cogniaux 1901: 191, 216) Withner (2000: 168) Type (chosen by Withner 1988): Cattleya forbesii Lindley (1825 : t. 37). Cattleya ser. Intermediae Cogniaux (1901: 191 , 216). Cattleya subg. Intermediae [as Intermedia ] (Cogn.) Withner (1988: 21), nom. inval. (missing basionym reference). Cattleya sect. Cryptochila Barbosa Rodrigues (1882: 156) . Type (designated here): Cattleya forbesii Lindley (1825 : t. 37).

Cattleya sect. Acklandia ( Pfitzer 1889: 146) . Type (chosen by Withner 1988: 21): Cattleya aclandiae Lindley (1840 : t. 48). Cattleya subg. Aclandia Withner (1988: 21) , nom. inval. Cattleya subsect. Acranthemum Cogniaux (1898: 194) . Type (designated here): Cattleya aclandiae Lindley (1840 : t. 48). Cattleya subsect. Diphyllae Barbosa Rodrigues (1882: 156) . Type (designated here): Cattleya aclandiae Lindley (1840 : t. 48)

Cattleya subg. Schomburgkoidea Withner (1988: 21) . Type species: Cattleya violacea Kunth (1816: 341) Rolfe (1889: 802) .

Cattleya sect. Bicolores ( Pfitzer 1889: 146) . Type species: Cattleya bicolor Lindley (1836 : sub. t. 1919). Cattleya subg. Bicolores [as Bicolorea] (Pfitzer) Withner (2000: 168).

Cattleya subg. Falcatae [as Falcata ] Withner (1988: 21). Type species: Cattleya guttata Lindley (1831b : t. 1406). Cattleya ser. Guttatae Cogniaux (1898: 200) . Type (chosen by Withner 1988): Cattleya guttata Lindley (1831b : t. 1406). Cattleya sect. Guttatae (Cogn.) Withner (1988: 21) nom. inval. (missing basionym with reference). Cattleya sect. Leopoldia ( Pfitzer 1889: 146) . Type (designated here): Cattleya guttata Lindley (1831b : t. 1406). Cattleya subg. Leopoldia (Pfitzer) Withner (2000: 168) .

Cattleya sect. Granulosae Withner (1988: 21) . Type species: Cattleya granulosa Lindley (1842b : t. 1). Cattleya subsect. Granulosae Fowlie (1977: 11) , nom. inval. (without Latin diagnosis).

Cattleya sect. Gymnochila Barbosa Rodrigues (1882: 156) [as gymnoschila]. Type (designated here): Cattleya walkeriana Gardner (1843: 663) . Cattleya subsect. Rhizanthemum Cogniaux (1898: 192) . Type (chosen by Withner 1988): Cattleya walkeriana Gardner (1843: 663) . Cattleya subg. Rhizanthemum (Cogn.) Withner (1988: 21) [as Rhizantha], nom. inval. (missing basionym). Cattleya subg. Rhizanthemum (Cogn.) Withner (2000: 168) .

Cattleya subg. Laeliodea Withner (1988: 21) . Type species: Cattleya dormaniana ( Reichenbach 1880: 168) Reichenbach (1882: 216) . Cattleya sect. Laelioides Fowlie (1977: 11) , nom. nud.

This subgenus has previously been recognized as the “bifoliate cattleyas”. However, at least C. walkeriana and most plants of C. kerrii Brieger & Bicalho (1976: 61) are unifoliate; in all other characters, these species are typical of the subgenus. Molecular results indicate that this subgenus is not so closely related to sect. Cattleya , with which it has been placed for nearly two centuries. Great confusion over subgenera, sections, subsections and series derives from unranked infrageneric names by Barbosa Rodrigues (1882) and partially ranked ones by Cogniaux (1901). Withner (1988) tried to make new combinations for many of these and those of Pfitzer (1889), but he did not cite the correct basionyms, rendering many combinations invalid. Because he provided a Latin diagnosis for each of the names, in some cases (when he used a different epithet) this can be considered as a newly described infrageneric binomial (e.g. Schomburgkoidea), but in other cases he used the same epithet as previous authors. In this case if interpreted as a combination, the name is invalid because it lacks the basionym literature reference, and if considered a new description, it would be an illegitimate later homonym according to article 21.1 of the International code of nomenclature (McNeill et al. 2012). Despite this, Withner (1988) assigned type species for all his names, which can be interpreted as designation of types for several earlier names. He later corrected some of these errors ( Withner 2000). In the case of subg. Bicolores Withner (2000: 168) the type indicated ( C. violacea ) is against Article 10.2 of the Code because this species was not listed by Pfitzer (1889) among the members of the section. In fact Pfitzer (1889) mentioned only C. bicolor , which makes it automatically the type species for the section. To avoid further confusion, we provide types and ranking for all names still lacking them, and types were chosen in a manner to cluster the names as much as possible around fewer type species, considering that they are all synonyms of C. subg. Intermediae .