Anthaxia (Anthaxia) midas Kiesenwetter, 1857,

Baiocchi, Daniele & Magnani, Gianluca, 2018, A revision of the Anthaxia (Anthaxia) midas Kiesenwetter, 1857 species-group (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Anthaxiini), Zootaxa 4370 (3), pp. 201-254: 219-225

Anthaxia (Anthaxia) midas Kiesenwetter, 1857  Edit

( Figs. 10, 11, 12, 18, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 28, 29, 30, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 82, 83, 92, 93, 103, 108, 114, 115, 119, 122, 127, 132, 136)

Anthaxia (Anthaxia) midas Kiesenwetter, 1857: 90  Edit ‒91. Type locality: “Südfrankreich, Italien und Dalmatien”.

Anthaxia (Anthaxia) midas: Barthe, 1902: 10  Edit (faunistic catalogue); Cobos, 1986: 308 (faunistic catalogue; taxonomy); Ruicănescu & Serafim, 1996: 69, 73 ( Fig.3C) (faunistics); Bílý, 1997: 28, 61, 92, 94, 98, 117, 133, 148, 150, 161, 164, 169 (catalogue); Ruicănescu, 1997: 125 (faunistics; taxonomy); Mühle et al., 2000: 128, 221 (map 122) (faunistic catalogue); Sakalian & Langourov, 2001: 152, 157, 162 (faunistics); Muskovits & Hegyessy, 2002: 183, Fig. 62 (faunistic catalogue); Ruicănescu, 2002: 128 (faunistics); Sakalian, 2003: 117 (map 86), 118 (faunistic catalogue); Verdugo Páez, 2005: 105, 118 (faunistic catalogue); Bílý, 2006: 59, 372 (catalogue); Sakalian, 2007: 11, 13, 14 ( Fig. 5 /2), 15, 16 (taxonomy); Bellamy, 2008: 1426 (catalogue); Izzillo, 2010: 3 (faunistics); Ruicănescu, 2013: 81, 82 ( Fig. 60) (faunistic catalogue); López Vergara et al., 2015: 412 (faunistics); Kubáň et al., 2016: 499 (catalogue).

Anthaxia midas: Jacquelin Du Val, 1861: 141  Edit (catalogue, systematics); Marseul, 1863: 136 (catalogue); 1865: 229, 230, 235 (syn. of croesus sensu Gory & Laporte  Edit (not cresus (Villers))  Edit (monograph); Stein, 1868: 61 (syn. of croesus (Villers))  Edit (catalogue); Gemmiger & Harold, 1869: 1388 (syn. of croesus (Villers))  Edit (catalogue); Bertolini, 1872: 117 (faunistic catalogue); Gozis, 1875: 48 (syn. of craesus (Villers)) (faunistic catalogue); Fauconnet, 1892: 250 (faunistic catalogue; taxonomy); Kerremans, 1892: 119, 124 (catalogue); Acloque, 1897: 277 (taxonomic catalogue); Warnier, 1901: 95 (faunistic catalogue); Mayet, 1902: 117 (faunistics); Kerremans, 1903: 176 (catalogue); Mollandin De Boissy, 1903: 151 (biology); Schilsky, 1909: 113 (faunistic catalogue); Csiki, 1911: 165 (key; faunistics); Obenberger, 1912: 66‒67 (taxonomy); Caillol, 1913: 484 (faunistic catalogue); Jakobson, 1913: 792 (faunistic catalogue); Obenberger, 1917: 81 (syn. of croesus sensu Gory & Laporte  Edit (not cresus (Villers))  Edit (monograph); Mollandin De Boissy, 1924: 117‒118 (biology); Obenberger, 1926: 647 (catalogue); Luigioni, 1929: 587 (faunistic catalogue); Porta, 1929: 392 (faunistic catalogue); Fuente, 1930: 123 (faunistic catalogue); Obenberger, 1930: 501 (catalogue); Schaefer, 1934: 130 (taxonomy); 1936: 318, 322, 325, 328, 338, 339, 345 ( Fig. 41) (faunistic catalogue); 1937: 49 (biology); 1938: 206, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212 (Figs. 77,78), 214, 216, 218, 281 (faunistic catalogue); Obenberger, 1938: 192 (taxonomy); Kaszab, 1940: 92 (faunistic catalogue); Schaefer, 1940: 23, 25 (faunistics); Théry, 1942: 77, 90 ( Fig.63) (monograph); Schaefer, 1944: 100, 104 (taxonomy); Peyerimhoff, 1948: 72 (faunistics); Gridelli, 1949: 171 (faunistics); Richter, 1949: 152 (subg. Cyclanthaxia  Edit ) (monograph); Schaefer, 1950: 268, 487 (faunistic catalogue; taxonomy; biology); Hervé, 1953: 562, 563 (biology); 1954: 392 (biology); 1955: 425 (biology); 1956: 331, 335 ( Fig. 2) (biology); Kocher, 1956: 136 (faunistic catalogue); Baudon, 1957: 251 (faunistics, taxonomy); Hervé, 1957: 817, 818, 819, 820, 823 (Fig.), 824 (faunistics, biology); Cassola, 1968: 30, 31 (faunistics); Novak, 1970: 22 (faunistics); Drovenik & Hladil, 1984: 12, 17 (faunistics); Pupier, 1993: 35 (faunistics); Vlad-Anonie & Ruicănescu, 1996: 229 (taxonomy); Sparacio, 1997: 53 (faunistic catalogue); Ruicănescu, 1998: 252 (faunistics); Muñoz et al., 1999: 199 (faunistics); San Martin et al., 2000: 78 (faunistics); Verdugo Páez, 2005: 118 (faunistic catalogue); Ruicănescu, 2008: 209 (taxonomy).

“ Anthaxia midas Gory & Laporte  Edit ” sensu Schaefer, 1938: 207 (faunistic catalogue).

Anthaxia midas sensu Obenberger  Edit : Richter, 1949: 152 (monograph); Schaefer, 1950: 487 (faunistic catalogue; taxonomy; biology); Cobos, 1986: 308 (syn. of oberthuri  Edit ) (faunistic catalogue; taxonomy).

Anthaxia midas sensu Schaefer  Edit : Richter, 1949: 152 (monograph).

Anthaxia midas  Edit sensu lato: Sakalian, 2007: 15 (taxonomy).

Anthaxia craesa sensu Gory & Laporte (1839: 15, Pl. 4, Fig. 19)  Edit (monograph); Obenberger, 1917: 6, 19, 45, 81, 130, 131, Table A, Fig. 5 (monograph); Richter, 1949: 152 (monograph).

Anthaxia croesa: Kiesenwetter, 1857: 90  Edit (faunistics; taxonomy); Jacquelin Du Val, 1861: 141 (catalogue, systematics); Marseul, 1863: 136 (catalogue); Théry, 1942: 90 (monograph); Schaefer, 1950: 268, 269, 487 (faunistic catalogue; taxonomy; biology); Cobos, 1986: 164 (faunistic catalogue; taxonomy); Curletti, 1994: 94 (faunistic catalogue); Ruicănescu & Serafim, 1996: 73 (faunistics); Bellamy, 2008: 1426 (catalogue).

Anthaxia croesus: Marseul, 1857: 93  Edit (catalogue); 1865: 207, 229, 230, 235 (monograph); Saunders, 1871: 52 ( croesus sensu Gory & Laporte  Edit syn. of cresus (Villers))  Edit (catalogue); Kerremans, 1892: 124 (syn. of midas  Edit ) (catalogue); Barthe, 1902: 10 (syn. of midas  Edit ) (faunistic catalogue); Mayet, 1902: 117 (syn. of midas  Edit ) (faunistics); Kerremans, 1903: 176 (syn. of midas  Edit ) (catalogue); Schilsky, 1909: 113 (syn. of midas  Edit ) (faunistic catalogue); Csiki, 1911: 165 (syn. of midas  Edit ) (faunistic catalogue); Jakobson, 1913: 792 (syn. of midas  Edit ) (faunistic catalogue); Obenberger, 1926: 647 (syn. of midas  Edit ) (catalogue); Luigioni, 1929: 587 (syn. of midas  Edit ) (faunistic catalogue); Fuente, 1930: 123 (syn. of midas  Edit ) (faunistic catalogue); Obenberger, 1930: 502 (syn. of midas  Edit ) (catalogue); 1938: 206 ( Croesus sensu Gory & Laporte  Edit , préocc. Villers), 208, 209, 216, 281 (faunistic catalogue); Schaefer, 1940: 23 (faunistics); Théry, 1942: 90 (monograph); Peyerimhoff, 1948: 72 (faunistics); Richter, 1949: 152 (monograph); Schaefer, 1950: 269 (faunistic catalogue; taxonomy; biology); Cobos, 1986: 308 (faunistic catalogue; taxonomy); Curletti, 1994: 94 (faunistic catalogue); Ruicănescu & Serafim, 1996: 73 (faunistics); Bílý, 1997: 28, 61, 148 (catalogue); Bellamy, 2008: 1426 (catalogue).

Anthaxia (Cyclanthaxia) croesus (Villers)  Edit m. spathuligera: Richter, 1949: 149  Edit , 250 (monograph).

Anthaxia salicis var. spathuligera Obenberger, 1924: 27  Edit , Type locality: “Trebinje, Hercegovina”.

Anthaxia salicis var. spathuligera: Obenberger, 1926: 647  Edit (spathulifera [sic!]) (catalogue); Schaefer, 1938: 211 (var. of salicis  Edit ), 213 (ab. of salicis  Edit ), 218 (var. of salicis  Edit ), 28 (ab. of salicis  Edit ) (faunistic catalogue).

Anthaxia salicis spathuligera: Cobos, 1958: 87  Edit (taxonomy).

Anthaxia midas spathuligera: Obenberger, 1930: 529  Edit (catalogue); 1938: 192, 193 (taxonomy); Schaefer, 1944: 100 (taxonomy); 1950: 269 (faunistic catalogue; taxonomy; biology); Muñoz et al., 1999: 199 (faunistics).

Anthaxia (Anthaxia) midas spathuligera: Cobos, 1986: 164  Edit (ssp. of midas  Edit ), 309 (syn. of midas  Edit ) (faunistic catalogue; taxonomy); Bílý, 1997: 28, 117, 164 (catalogue); 2006: 372 (syn. of midas  Edit ) (catalogue); Bellamy, 2008: 1426, 1477 (syn. of midas  Edit ) (catalogue).

Anthaxia (Anthaxia) spathuligera: Sakalian, 2007: 11  Edit , 13, 14 ( Fig 5 /1), 15, 16 (full species) (taxonomy); Kubáň et al., 2016: 21, 501 (catalogue).

Anthaxia midas muelleri Obenberger, 1925: 56  Edit (Mülleri [sic!]). Type locality: “Istria”.

Anthaxia midas muelleri: Obenberger, 1926: 647  Edit (Mülleri [sic!]) (catalogue); Porta, 1929: 393 (Mülleri [sic!]) (faunistic catalogue); Obenberger, 1930: 502 (Mülleri [sic!]) (catalogue); Schaefer, 1938: 208, 209, 281 (Mülleri [sic!], syn. of midas  Edit ) (faunistic catalogue); Obenberger, 1938: 192 (Mülleri [sic!]) (taxonomy); Gridelli, 1949: 171 (Mülleri [sic!]) (faunistics); Schaefer, 1950: 269 (Mülleri [sic!]) (faunistic catalogue; taxonomy; biology); Cassola, 1968: 31 ( mülleri  Edit [sic!]) (faunistics); Cobos, 1986: 309 ( mülleri  Edit [sic!], syn. of midas  Edit ) (faunistic catalogue; taxonomy); Curletti, 1994: 94 ( mülleri  Edit [sic!], syn. of midas  Edit ) (faunistic catalogue).

Anthaxia midas var. muelleri: Luigioni, 1929: 587  Edit (Mülleri [sic!]) (faunistic catalogue).

Anthaxia (Anthaxia) midas muelleri: Ruicănescu & Serafim, 1996: 73  Edit ( mülleri  Edit [sic!], syn. of midas  Edit ) (faunistics); Bílý, 1997: 28, 94, 161 ( mulleri  Edit [sic!]) (catalogue); Bílý, 2006: 59, 372 (syn. of midas  Edit ) (catalogue); Sakalian, 2007: 14 ( muelleri  Edit , mülleri  Edit [sic!]) (taxonomy); Bellamy, 2008: 1426, 1432, (syn. of midas  Edit ) (catalogue); Kubáň et al., 2016: 21 (syn. of spathuligera  Edit ), 501 (catalogue).

Misidentification: Anthaxia midas Kiesenwetter, 1857 sensu Tenenbaum (1915: 85)  Edit : in fact Anthaxia (H.) croesus ( Villers, 1789)  Edit .

Misidentification: Anthaxia midas Kiesenwetter, 1857 sensu Curletti, 1994: 94  Edit , 228 ( Fig. 77), 269, 277, 296, 298 (in fact Anthaxia (A.) oberthuri Schaefer, 1938  Edit stat. nov.) (faunistic catalogue); Gobbi, in Gobbi & Platia, 1995: 14 (faunistic catalogue); Curletti et al., 2003: CD-Rom, species nr. 83 (faunistic catalogue); Curletti, 2005: CD-Rom: species code nr. 0 52.117.0.014.0.001 (faunistic catalogue); Baiocchi, 2008: 325, 327, 328 ( Figs 4, 5), 329 ( Fig. 10), 330, 331 (taxonomy).

Misidentification: Anthaxia midas: Kaufmann, 1914: 55  Edit (wrong interpretation of Viertl (1894: 49), in fact Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) olympica Kiesenwetter, 1880  Edit ) (faunistic catalogue).

Misidentification: Anthaxia midas mulleri Obenberger, 1925 sensu Curletti et al., 2003  Edit : CD-Rom, species nr. 84 (in fact Anthaxia (A.) oberthuri Schaefer, 1938  Edit ) (faunistic catalogue).

Type specimens studied. Anthaxia (A.) midas  Edit : lectotype by present designation (♂, MNHN: Figs. 10, 11, 18; original labelling: Fig. 12); paralectotype [former holotype of A. midas  Edit , actually a specimen of A. oberthuri  Edit ]: (♂, ZSMG: Figs. 13, 14, 16, 17; original labelling: Fig. 15); Anthaxia (A.) spathuligera  Edit : (originally described as A. salicis var. spathuligera  Edit ) lectotype by present designation (♂, NMPC inv. 22252: Figs. 21, 22, 24, 25, 115; original labelling: Fig. 23); Anthaxia (A.) midas muelleri  Edit : lectotype by present designation (♀, NMPC inv. 22251: Figs. 28, 29; original labelling: Fig. 30).

Additional material studied. Croatia: Croatia Ljubovo, 730m Elev., 44.6433°N 15.4919°E, 18‒20.5.2015 M.Kafka lgt.(29 exx. MKCN; 4♂♂4♀♀ DBCR); Croatia bor., Ljubovo 900 m.n.m, 24.5.2014, Z.Minarik lgt. (1ex. MKCN); Croatia bor. mont., Ljubovo env. 980m, J.Bradka lgt. 23.‒25.5.2014 (2 exx. VHCN); 13877 // croesus De Villers  Edit , croesa Gory Lap., Zara Schmidt  Edit (1♂ MFNB); JUGOSLAVIA, DUBROVNIK 7.77, J. Navrátil lgt. (1ex. MKCN); JUGOSLAVIA, DUBROVNIK v.1977, J. HLADIL leg. (2♂♂ VKCB; 1♂PBCK); same data, 5 72 (1♀ HMCM); same data, ex larva 1983 (1♀ VKCB); Croatia (HR) Velebit env. Susanj M. VI.2005 leg. Zirkel (1ex. MNCA); CROAZIA VELEBIT, OSTARIJE, 3 5 87 L.PAD. MA? (1♀ GMCC); Croatia, Gorski Kotar, Zeleni Vir, 45.426124, 14.892392, 8.6.2009, leg. T. Koren (1♀ TKCZ); Croatia, Velebit, Paklenica, Paklenica Mountain home surroundings, 44.345847, 15.482083, 1.5.2008, leg. T. Koren (1♂ TKCZ). Bosnia and Herzegovina: Ilijaš [15 km NW of Sarajevo], Misoča river, Apfelbeck coll. (1♀ VKCB); Jablanica, 6.vi.1905 (1♀ VKCB). Montenegro: JUGOSLAVIA, PETROVAC, 16 6 73, J. HLADIL lgt. (1♂ GMCC); same data, vi.1974 (1♀ SBCP); same data, 1975 (1♂1♀ SBCP); same data, v. 75 (1♂ PBCK; 1♀ HMCM; 1ex. MKCN); same data, v.1976 (1♂ SBCP); same data, v.1984 (1♂2♀♀ SBCP); same data, 3/84 (1♂3♀♀ GMCC); same data, 6.86 (1ex. MKCN); same data [date not readable] (1♂1♀ MNCA); JUGOSLAVIA, PETROVAC 1984, J. HLADIL lgt. ex larve (1♂ MOCO); JUGOSLAVIA, Petrovac VI.74, lgt. Navrátil (4♂♂5♀♀ FNCB; 1♂1♀ NMPC; 1ex. MKCN); Montenegro 2014, Gornje Stravce env. Zijovo, 22.5.2014, P. Hubený lgt. (1 ex. PHCC). Macedonia: Maced. occ. Monast., St. Johan Bigorsky env., 13. VI.1994, leg. O. Hovorka (1ex. MKCN); MAKEDONIA—SW, N.P. Galicia—26.6., 600— 1500m 2014, J.Halada&M. Fabianova (1ex. MKCN); Veles [as Titov Veles], vi.1974, F. Navrátil leg. (2♂♂2♀♀ FNCB); Kozhuf plain, vi.1974, F. Navrátil leg. (1♂6♀♀ FNCB). Bulgaria: Bulgaria SW, STRUMA river valley, gara Yavorov railway station (0.8 km E), 41°44'54"N 23°09'48"E, swept, 210 m, 1.‒8.vii.1982, Vít. Kubáň leg. (1♂ VKCB). Greece: Epirus: N GREECE 2.‒17.6.12, Konitsa env. 1100m, Krajčík and Hampl lgt. (1ex. MKCN); GREECE, Ioanina, Distrato 1400m, 6.VI.1986, leg. G. Novak (1 ex. FICN; 1 ex DGCC); GRECIA, Ioanina, Oros Timfi, Vrissohori dint., 29‒30.VI.1993, leg. G. Gobbi (1 ex. FICN); VRISSOHORI GRECIA, M. TIMFI 1000m 30.VI.93, MAROZZINI LEGIT (1♂ DBCR). Macedonia: Greece centr., Thessalia, Pindos mts. E part, Kria Vrisi, 5−8.5.2008, Z. Malinka lgt. (1ex. MKCN); GREECE Thessalia N, Pindos mts, Kría Vrísi, 39°40'N 21°32'E, 800‒850 m: 9.v.2006, Z. Kraus leg. (1♂ MOCO); same data, 26.‒28.v.2006, (2♂♂ VKCB); GRAECIA, Thessalia bor., Kría Vrísi, 800‒850 m, 5.‒8.v.2008, 39°40’N 21°32’E, Zdeněk Kraus leg. (15♂♂7♀♀ NMPC); GREECE Thessalia. bor., Pindos mts. Kria Vrisi, 39°40‘44‘‘S;21°32‘28‘‘V, 11.‒13.v.2009 M. Obořil (122♂♂25♀♀ MOCO; 7♂♂3♀♀ DBCR; 49exx. MKCN; 1♂ ALCB); Katerini env., Agios Dimitros (8 km NE), 26.‒28‒v.1990, P. Zábranský leg. (1♂ VKCB). Peloponnese: GR—Peloponneso m.700, Kalavrita (Akhaia) // 1‒5‒2001, Leg. D. Gianasso (1ex. DGCC); GRECIA, Achaia, Metochi dint., 2.V.2011, leg. F. Izzillo (2 exx. FICN); GRECIA, Laconia, Sparti, strada Sotira—Soha, 750 m, 7.V.2012, leg. G. L. Agnoli (1 ex. GACB); GRECIA, Messinia, Haravgi, Polilimnio, 2.V.2013, leg. F. Izzillo (3 exx. FICN); GREECE Peloponnese, (Messinia) HARAVGHI, loc. POLILIMNIO, 36°59’N 21°51’E, 3.V.2013 A.Liberto leg. (1♂3♀♀ ALCR); GREECE (Peloponissos), (Messinia) Polilimnio, 2.V.2013 A.Liberto leg. (1♂1♀ DBCR). Thessaly: Thessalia Pindos Mts. Kalambaka Kastania 1350 m 26.5.2001 A. & F. Riedel leg. (1♂ MNCA); Griechenland, Mt. Ossa ca. 900 m, Mai 1982 leg. J. Wolf (1♂1♀ MNCA; 1♂ DBCR; 1♂ PBCK); Griechenland, Mont Ossa ca. 900m., bei Stomion, Mai 1982 leg. J. Wolf (1♂PBCK); Graecia, Mont Ossa, ca. 800m., leg. J. Wolf 8.5.82 (1♂PBCK; 1♀ DBCR); GREECE, Ossa Oros, 29.IV.2003, leg. Minetti R. (1♀ ALCB); GR. A V.86, M. OSSA, lg. Biachat (1♀PBCK); GR/Makedonia, Ossa Oros, 23.5.‒2.6.1988, leg.H.Mühle (1♂ HMCM); same data, 5.6.82 (1♂ HMCM); GR—Thessalia, Mt. Ossa, env. Stomio, 1.‒20.5.1987, leg. V+C. Brachat (1♂1♀ HMCM); Greece, Mont Ossa, 15‒06‒2007 (1♂ SHCT); same data, 20.V.2006 (1♂ SHCT); Griechenland, Mont Ossa ca. 900m., Mai 1982 leg. J. Wolf (1♂ DBCR).

Additional data from literature. Croatia: Hvar ( Novak, 1970: 22); Meleda ( Obenberger, 1917: 131). Greece: Makhedonia: Serrai, Kerkini ( Mühle et al., 2000: 129); Thessalia: Trikala, Kastanea ( Mühle et al., 2000: 129); Peloponnisos: Arkadia, Gortys ( Mühle et al., 2000: 129). Montenegro: Sutomore, Rumija ( Drovenik & Hladil, 1984: 12, 17). Romania: Caraș-Severin: Băile Herculane ( Ruicănescu & Serafim, 1996: 73); Herkules Bath ( Ruicănescu, 2008: 209). Bulgaria: Haskovo: Ivailovgrad Dam, 150 m. ( Sakalian, 2007: 14).

Morphology and variability. The size of A. midas  Edit is rather variable and in males it ranges from 5.6 x 2.5 mm to 8.1 x 3.7 mm, while for females it ranges from 5.9 x 2.6 mm to 8.3 x 3.8 mm, with an average length to width ratio of 2.2 times longer than wide.

The background colour of the pronotum is consistently cobalt blue in the great majority of specimens, differing from A. oberthuri  Edit where it usually tends to be more greenish-blue. The pronotal discal spots are always connected to the dark anterolateral area. The elytral background colour is usually vermilion red, on average slightly brighter than in A. oberthuri  Edit .

The most significant character on which Obenberger (1924; 1926; 1930) and Schaefer (1938) had already separated the Balkan populations from the Western Mediterranean ones, is the shape of the basal green elytral macula. According to their observations, and differing from A. oberthuri  Edit , in A. midas  Edit the green stripe that runs along the elytral base should not reach to the humeral angles, and the sutural part is supposed to be always distinctly sagittate. In our study we noticed that the colouration of the elytral base is instead somewhat variable, and occasionally, as in the case of the lectotype ( Fig. 10), it also reaches to the humeri. In addition, it is also possible to find specimens with a reduced extension of the sutural green part. Schaefer (1938: 207‒208) had noticed also some differences in the vertex and in the pronotal anterior margin, but these latter characters are considered to be intraspecific variability that Schaefer could not evaluate, having probably studied just a single specimen from the Balkans, namely the specimen of Gory & Laporte.

The differences that we have observed in the aedeagus instead, undoubtedly separate the two species. In fact, in A. midas  Edit the parameres are narrowly tapered until the very sharp apex ( Figs. 18, 24, 103). The median lobe is more slender and scarcely serrate if compared to A. oberthuri  Edit , but most importantly, the lower lamella is finely spiny on the apex ( Fig. 114), compared to the smooth apex of A. oberthuri  Edit ( Fig. 113).

Bionomy and distribution. Data on the presence of A. midas  Edit in the large territory currently known as the Balkans are rather scarce and fragmentary, and also the distribution given in some catalogues and papers, includes countries where the species is actually not present, at least on present knowledge.

The first generic report of A. midas  Edit from the Balkans is by Kiesenwetter (1857: 90), who included Dalmatia in its distribution. Croatia was also cited by Obenberger (1917: 131), whom generically reported A. croesus sensu Gory & Laporte  Edit (not Villers) from Istria, and from the island of Meleda. Some years later, Obenberger described A. midas muelleri  Edit , also from Istria, but without stating a precise locality. The species was recorded from Hvar, a Croatian island, by Novak (1970: 22), and several specimens were collected by Hladil and Navrátil in the area around Dubrovnik. More recently, the species has been collected also in more continental localities like Ljubovo (MKCN), Gorsky Kotar and the Velebit National Park (TKCZ).

Citations for Slavonia refer to the historical eastern region of Croatia, and must not be confused with Slovenia, where the species seems to have never been found. In addition to the type of A. spathuligera  Edit , a few more specimens that we studied (VKCB) confirm its presence also in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The presence in Montenegro is confirmed by data published by Drovenik & Hladil (1984: 12, 17) and by a number of specimens collected in Petrovac by Hladil and Navrátil. Studied material confirm its presence also in Macedonia.

The data published by Sakalian (Sakalian & Langourov, 2001: 152; Sakalian, 2003: 118; 2007: 14) confirm the presence in Bulgaria, while, as Ruicănescu writes ( Ruicănescu & Serafim, 1996: 73; Ruicănescu, 2002: 128; 2008: 209; 2013: 81), the single record for Romania needs confirmation. The species is probably present also in southern Serbia and Albania, while with regard to Austria and Hungary, the presence of A. midas  Edit in these countries must be excluded. In fact, although reported for Austria in some works, to our knowledge, not a single specimen has ever been collected there, and Obenberger (1930: 502) had already given its presence there as dubious.

Muskovits & Hegyessy (2002: 183) excluded the presence of the species in Hungary. In fact, according to Kubáň (pers. comm.) the citation by Kaufmann (1914: 55) for the area of Pécs is wrong, and is a misinterpretation of data published in the work of Viertl (1894: 49), who had reported A. croesus (Villers)  Edit from there. Actually, the report by Viertl referred to Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) olympica Kiesenwetter, 1880  Edit , and the mistake is certainly due to the confused taxonomy of A. croesus  Edit sensu lato, as happened with Tenenbaum for his report of A. oberthuri  Edit from Spain.

Greece is the country where A. midas  Edit has been most collected recently, and known localities are scattered over most of the country ( Mühle et al., 2000: 129). At present, it is not known if the species is present also in Greek Thrace and in European Turkey. Data on the distribution of A. midas  Edit in the rest of Turkey ( Bílý, 2006: 372; Kubáň et al., 2016: 501 (as sphatuligera  Edit ) regard A. (Anthaxia) cebecii  Edit sp. nov.

Concerning the biology of the species, we have observed the larval development only in Acer  Edit spp., and in our opinion, reports from Platanus  Edit spp. ( Platanaceae  Edit ) need confirmation ( Mühle et al., 2000: 129; Muskovits & Hegyessy, 2002: 183; Sakalian, 2003: 118; Izzillo, 2010: 4; Cebeci & Tezcan, 2011: 208).

Figures

FIGURES 10‒20. Fig. 11, Anthaxia (A.) midas Kiesenwetter, 1857, ♂ lectotype (MNHN), dorsal aspect, 8.0 mm; Fig. 12, the same, ventral aspect; Fig. 13, the same, original labelling; Fig. 18, the same, aedeagus, 3.1 mm; Fig. 13, A. (A.) midas Kiesenwetter, 1857, ♂ paralectotype (ZSMG) [actually a specimen of A. (A.) oberthuri Schaefer, 1938], dorsal aspect, 6.1mm; Fig.14, the same, ventral aspect; Fig.15, the same, original labelling; Fig.16, the same, parameres, 2.8 mm; Fig.17, the same, penis, 2.5 mm; Fig. 19, A. (A.) midas Kiesenwetter, 1857 sensu Tenenbaum, 1915, ♀ specimen (PASWP) [actually a misidentified specimen of A. (Haplanthaxia) croesus (Villers, 1789)], dorsal aspect; Fig. 20, the same, original labelling.

FIGURES21‒30.Fig.21, Anthaxia(A.) spathuligera Obenberger,1924, ♂ lectotype (NMPC), dorsal aspect,6.3 mm; Fig. 22, the same, ventral aspect; Fig. 23, the same, original labelling; Fig. 24, the same, parameres, 2.6 mm; Fig. 25, the same, penis, 2.4 mm; Fig. 26, A. (A.) holoptera Obenberger, 1914, ♂ lectotype (NHMW), dorsal aspect, 8.1 mm; Fig. 27, the same, original labelling; Fig. 28, A. (A.) midas muelleri Obenberger, 1925, ♀ lectotype (NMPC), dorsal aspect, 7.0 mm; Fig. 29, the same, ventral aspect; Fig.30, the same, original labelling.

FIGURES 40‒43. Anthaxia (A.) midas Kiesenwetter, 1857. Fig. 40, ♂ specimen, Croatia (DBCR), dorsal aspect, 6.9 mm; Fig. 41, the same, ventral aspect; Fig. 42, ♀ specimen, Croatia (DBCR), dorsal aspect, 6.9 mm; Fig. 43, the same, ventral aspect.

FIGURES 44‒47. Chromatic variability in Anthaxia (A.) midas Kiesenwetter, 1857. Fig. 44, ♂ specimen, Greece (DBCR) dorsal aspect, 6.3 mm; Fig. 45, ♂ specimen, Greece (DBCR) dorsal aspect, 6.7 mm; Fig. 46, ♂ specimen, Greece (DBCR) dorsal aspect, 5.7 mm; Fig. 47, ♀ specimen, Croatia (DBCR) dorsal aspect, 7.1 mm.

FIGURES 78‒83. Frontal aspect of head. Fig. 78, Anthaxia (A.) holoptera Obenberger, 1914, ♂ specimen (DBCR); Fig. 79, the same, ♀ specimen (DBCR); Fig. 80, A. (A.) patsyae Baiocchi, 2008, ♂ specimen (DBCR); Fig. 81, the same, ♀ holotype (DBCR); Fig.82, A. (A.) midas Kiesenwetter, 1857, ♂ specimen (DBCR); Fig.83, the same, ♀ specimen (DBCR).

FIGURES. 90‒99.Anal ventrites. Fig.90, Anthaxia(A.) oberthuri Schaefer,1938, ♂ specimen (DBCR); Fig.91, the same, ♀ specimen (DBCR); Fig. 92, A. (A.) midas Kiesenwetter, 1857, ♂ specimen (DBCR); Fig. 93, the same, ♀ specimen (DBCR); Fig.94, A.(A.) cebecii sp. nov., ♂ holotype (DBCR); Fig. 95, the same, ♀ allotype (DBCR); Fig.96, A. (A.) patsyae Baiocchi, 2008, ♂ specimen (DBCR); Fig. 97, the same, ♀ specimen (DBCR); Fig. 98, A. (A.) holoptera Obenberger, 1914, ♂ specimen (DBCR); Fig.99, the same, ♀ specimen (DBCR).

FIGURES100‒109. Aedeagi. Fig.100, Anthaxia(A.) oberthuri Schaefer, 1938 (Italy, DBCR), dorsal aspect of parameres, 2.9 mm; Fig. 105, the same, penis, 2.6 mm; Fig. 101, A. (A.) cebecii sp. nov. (holotype, DBCR), dorsal aspect of parameres, 2.5 mm; Fig. 106, the same, penis, 2.3 mm; Fig. 102, A.(A.) patsyae Baiocchi, 2008 (Iran, DBCR), dorsal aspect of parameres, 2.3 mm; Fig. 107, the same, penis, 2.0 mm; Fig. 103, A. (A.) midas Kiesenwetter, 1857 (Greece, DBCR), dorsal aspect of parameres, 2.5 mm; Fig. 108, the same, penis, 2.3 mm; Fig. 104, A. (A.) holoptera Obenberger, 1914 (Iran, DBCR), dorsal aspect of parameres, 2.6 mm; Fig.109, the same, penis, 2.4 mm.

FIGURES110‒115. Apical part of penis. Fig.110,Anthaxia (A.) cebecii sp. nov. (holotype, DBCR); Fig.111, A. (A.) patsyae Baiocchi, 2008 (DBCR); Fig. 112, A. (A.) holoptera Obenberger, 1914 (DBCR); Fig. 113, A. (A.) oberthuri Schaefer, 1938 (DBCR); Fig. 114, A. (A.) midas Kiesenwetter, 1857 (DBCR); Fig. 115, A. (A.) spathuligera Obenberger, 1924, (lectotype, NMPC).

FIGURES 116‒120. Ventral aspect of ovipositors. Fig. 116, Anthaxia (A.) cebecii sp. nov., allotype (DBCR); Fig. 117, A. (A.) patsyae Baiocchi, 2008, holotype(DBCR); Fig. 118, A. (A.) oberthuri Schaefer,1938, specimen (DBCR); Fig.119, A. (A.) midas Kiesenwetter, 1857, specimen (DBCR); Fig.120, A. (A.) holoptera Obenberger, 1914, specimen (DBCR).

FIGURES 121‒135. Fig. 121, Anthaxia (A.) oberthuri Schaefer, 1938, ♂ specimen (DBCR), dorsal aspect of right antenna; Fig. 126, the same, ♀ specimen (DBCR); Fig. 131, the same, ♂ lectotype (MNHN), right metatibia; Fig. 122, A. (A.) midas Kiesenwetter, 1857, ♂ specimen (DBCR), dorsal aspect of right antenna; Fig. 127, the same, ♀ specimen (DBCR); Fig. 132, the same, ♂ lectotype (MNHN), right metatibia; Fig. 123, A. (A.) cebecii sp. nov., ♂ holotype (DBCR), dorsal aspect of right antenna; Fig. 128, the same, ♀ allotype (DBCR); Fig. 133, the same, ♂ holotype (DBCR), right metatibia; Fig. 124, A. (A.) patsyae Baiocchi, 2008, ♂specimen (DBCR), dorsalaspect of rightantenna; Fig.129, the same, ♀holotype (DBCR);Fig.134, the same, ♂ specimen (DBCR), right metatibia; Fig. 125, A. (A.) holoptera Obenberger, 1914, ♂ specimen (DBCR), dorsal aspect of right antenna; Fig.129, the same, ♀ specimen (DBCR); Fig.135, the same, ♂ specimen (DBCR),right metatibia.

FIGURES 136‒138. Fig. 136, map of distribution, red dots: Anthaxia (A.) oberthuri Schaefer, 1938 (red circle:locus typicus), yellow dots: A.(A.) midas Kiesenwetter, 1857; Fig.137, map of distribution, red dots: A. (A.) cebecii sp. nov. (red circle:locus typicus), blue dots: A. (A.) patsyae Baiocchi, 2008 (white circle: locus typicus), yellow dots: A. (A.) holoptera Obenberger, 1914 (yellow circle: area of locus typicus); Fig.138, A.(A.) cebecii sp. nov., lateral view of ♂ holotype (DBCR).

FIGURES 1‒9. Fig. 1, Anthaxia (A.) oberthuri Schaefer, 1938, ♂ specimen, Italy (DBCR), dorsal aspect of anterior portion of body; Fig. 2, the same, penis; Fig. 3, the same, parameres; Fig. 4, A. (A.) salicis (Fabricius, 1777), ♂ specimen, Italy (DBCR), dorsal aspect of anterior portion of body; Fig. 5, the same, penis; Fig. 6, the same, parameres; Fig. 7, A. (A.) brevis Gory & Laporte, 1839, ♂ specimen,Turkey (DBCR), dorsal aspect of anterior portion of body;Fig.8, the same, penis;Fig. 9,the same, parameres.

FIGURES 62‒65. Chromatic variability in Anthaxia (A.) cebecii sp. nov. Fig. 62, ♀ paratype (DBCR) dorsal aspect, 6.3 mm; Fig. 63, ♂ paratype (DBCR) dorsal aspect, 6.7 mm; Fig. 64, ♀ paratype (DBCR) dorsal aspect, 5.7 mm; Fig. 65, ♀ paratype (DBCR) dorsal aspect, 7.1 mm.

FIGURES 58‒61. Anthaxia (A.) cebecii sp. nov. Fig. 58, ♂ holotype (DBCR), dorsal aspect, 6.7 mm; Fig. 59, the same, ventral aspect; Fig.60, ♀ allotype(DBCR) dorsal aspect, 6.2 mm; Fig. 61, the same, ventral aspect.

FIGURES 74‒77. Chromatic variability in Anthaxia (A.) holoptera Obenberger, 1914. Fig. 74, ♂ specimen, Azerbaijan (DBCR), dorsal aspect, 6.2 mm; Fig. 75, ♂ specimen, Azerbaijan (DBCR), dorsal aspect, 6.0 mm; Fig. 76, ♀ specimen, Iran (DBCR), dorsal aspect, 7.0 mm; Fig.77, ♀ specimen, Iran (DBCR), dorsal aspect, 5.2 mm.