Impatiens (Impatiens), subg. IMPATIENS
|
publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.5181272 |
|
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE8780-FF91-3B1B-FF5C-FB40136AFCE7 |
|
treatment provided by |
Carolina |
|
scientific name |
Impatiens (Impatiens) |
| status |
|
Lower sepal with distinct spur.
Impatiens renae Eb. Fisch. & Rahelivololona , sp. nov.
Ab Impatienti humblotianae differt forma laminae , forma sepali inferioris et numero nectariorum extrafloralium.
TYPUS. — Miller & Lowry 4032, Madagascar, Prov. Antsiranana, Réserve Naturelle de Marojejy , along the trail to the summit of Marojejy Est, NW of Mandena, wet, evergreen forest between the second and third camp, 1100-1200 m, 13 Feb. 1989 (holo-, TAN; iso-, P, MO).
Succulent herb, 15-30 cm tall, entirely glabrous. Leaves alternate, petiole 15-30 mm long, with 5-10 pairs of c. 2 mm long extrafloral nectaries, lamina succulent, rigid, reddish below with reticulum of tertiary veins, pale green above, ovate-lanceolate, base rounded-cordate, apex acuminate, 60-90 × 20-25 mm, margin with 6-9 pairs of fimbriae.
Inflorescence axillary, with 1-2(-3) flowers per leaf axill, pedicel up to 42-45 mm long, reddish. Flower entirely bright red with bluish to violet anthers and pollen, glabrous. Lateral sepals broadly ovate, acuminate, 4-5 × 2-2.5 mm. Lower sepal c. 15 mm long and 10- 3 mm wide, with 30-32 mm overall length, spur spirally curved. Dorsal petal cucullate, 15 × 12 mm, dorsal crest with spur-like apicule. Lateral united petals 12-14 mm long, upper petal c. 5-8 × 6 mm, lower petal c. 5 × 3-5 mm. Anthers c. 8 mm long. Ovary c. 6-7 mm long. Fruit up to 10 mm long. — Fig. 1. View FIG
HABITAT. — Submontane to montane rainforest, from (300-) 1000 to 1700 m a.s.l.
DISTRIBUTION. — Madagascar, only known from Marojejy Massif.
E TYMOLOGY. — Dedicated to Mrs R ENA Stuck/Hildesheim on the occasion of her birthday.
Impatiens renae appears to be closely related to Impatiens humblotiana Baill. , but differs in the shape of leaves which bear a cordate to rounded base, the number of extrafloral nectarines on petiole (5-10 pairs in I. renae and 1-2 pairs in I. humblotiana ) and in the shape of the lower sepal with spur which is only gradually tapered towards spur. The plants from Marojejy are rather uniform and show no distinct variation. Impatiens humblotiana has a more southern distribution in the forests of eastern Madagascar. A forthcoming paper will deal with the Madagascan species related to Impatiens humblotiana .
PARATYPES. — Humbert 23524, vallée de la Lokoho, Mont Beodroka au N de Maroambihy , 300 m, 17-22 Mar. 1949 ( P) ; 23680, pentes orientales du Massif de Marojejy , à l’ouest de la rivière Manantenina, affluent de la Lokoho, 1500-1700 m, 25-26 Mar. 1949 ( P) ; 23690, pentes orientales du Massif de Marojejy (Nord-Est), à l’ouest de la rivière Manantenina, affluent de la Lokoho, sylve à lichens sur gneiss et quartzite, 1500-1700 m, 25-26 Dec. 1949 ( P) ; Randrianasolo 100, Antsiranana, Réserve Nationale Marojejy, sentier qui mène au 3 e Camp, au- dessus du village de Manantenina, 1150-1300 m, 26 Mar. 1990 ( P, TAN) ; Rasoavimbahoaka 569, Antsiranana, Marojejy RNI, Sambava, environ à 13,5 km au nord-est de Maroambihy et à 9,5 km au nord-est du fokotany de Mandena, 1200 m, 29- 31 Mar. 1995 ( P, TAN, MO) ; Wohlhauser & Pfund 1041, Antsiranana, Marojejy Réserve Intégrale, camp 2-camp 3, on ridge, montane lichens sclerophyllous forest, mainly epiphyte, 1050 m, 27 Nov. 1995 ( NEU, TAN) .
Impatiens kuepferi Eb. Fisch. & Rahelivololona , sp. nov.
Impatiente wohlhauseri affinis, sed forma foliorum , forma sepalorum lateralium, forma sepali inferioris et calcari valde differt.
TYPUS. — Rahelivololona, Saola & Scenario 137, Madagascar, Prov. Toamasina, Masoala Peninsula, Ambanizana-Ambohitsitondroina, sous bois avant le campement et vers le sommet sur rochers, 500 m, 18. Feb. 2002 (holo-, TAN; iso-, NEU).
Perennial herb with creeping rhizome, glabrous. Stem up to 40 cm tall, greenish. Leaves alternate, petiole 10-13 mm long, with 1-2 pairs of obtuse extrafloral nectaries, lamina lanceolate, 135-148 × 36-44 mm, acuminate at apex, margin with 22-23 pairs of fimbriae. Inflorescence axillary, clustered with 1-3 flowers, pedicel c. 20 mm long. Flower with greenyellowish dorsal petal, lateral petals red and pink at apex, with yellow spots, spur pink-whitish. Lateral sepals 4, outer pair broadly ovate, 8-9 × c. 5 mm, inner pair ovate-lanceolate, c. 8 × 3 mm. Lower sepal navicular, sparsely hairy outside, 12 × 6 mm, spur clavate, constricted below apex, c. 5 mm long, obtuse. Dorsal petal sparsely hairy, cucullate, 7-8 × 6-7 mm. Lateral united petals c. 18 mm long, upper petal acuminate, c. 7 × 4-5 mm, lower petal rounded, c. 12 × 7 mm. Anthers c. 3 mm long. Ovary 4 mm long. Fruit unknown. — Fig. 2. View FIG
HABITAT. — Submontane rainforest.
DISTRIBUTION. — Madagascar, only known from the type locality.
E TYMOLOGY. — Dedicated to Philippe KUEPFER, Institut de Botanique, Université de Neuchâtel, outstanding botanist, for his research on Impatiens .
This species is nearly unique among
Madagascan Impatiens as it bears four lateral sepals. The only apparent relative seems to be I. wohlhauseri , described below, which has also four lateral sepals but differs in leaf shape and the shape of the lateral sepals and lower sepal and spur. Both species occur on the Masoala Peninsula. Taxa with four lateral sepals have not been reported previously from Madagascar, but are known from Africa (e.g., I. fischeri Warb. , I. teitensis Grey-Wilson , I. tinctoria A. Rich. , I. quadrisepala Wilczek & Schulze ).
Impatiens wohlhauseri Eb. Fisch. & Rahelivololona , sp. nov.
Impatiente kuepferi affinis, sed forma foliorum , forma sepalorum lateralium, forma sepali inferioris et calcari valde differt.
TYPUS. — Malcomber, Andriatsifera, Gerard & Moise 2715, Madagascar, Prov. Toamasina, Masoala Peninsula, south of Ambanizana , Andranobe permanent plot, growing in forest gaps, 15°30’30”S 49°57’30”E, 300-400 m, 18-24 Mar. 1994 (holo-, GoogleMaps TAN; iso-, MO, P).
Perennial herb up to 50 cm tall, entirely glabrous. Stem succulent. Leaves alternate, upper face dark green, lower face light green, petiole 15-30 mm long, lamina oblong-obovate, base attenuate-acuminate, apex rounded-obtuse at, becoming larger towards apex, 120-190 × 30-53 mm, margin with 8-9 pairs of fimbriae. Inflorescence with distinct axillary peduncle, up to 7-15 mm long, bracts linear-lanceolate, 3-4 × 1.5 mm, pedicel 32-40 mm long. Flower white, with pink lateral united petals. Lateral sepals 4, larger sepal ovate, distinctly acuminate, c. 7 × 3-4 mm, smaller sepal lanceolate, acuminate, 3- 4 × 1-1.5 mm. Lower sepal 9-10 × 3-4 mm large, spur straight to slightly curved, with obtuse apex and indistinct furrows, 3 × 1.5 mm. Dorsal petal with a distinct crest, c. 8 × 6-7 mm high. Lateral united petals c. 12 mm long, upper petal c. 3 × 2 mm, obtuse, lower petal c. 7 × 5 mm, obtuse. Anthers 3-4 mm long. Ovary c. 4 mm long. Fruit unknown. — Fig. 3. View FIG
HABITAT. — Lowland to submontane rainforest.
DISTRIBUTION. — Madagascar, only known from the type locality.
E TYMOLOGY. — Dedicated to Sebastien WOHLHAUSER, Institut de Botanique, Université de Neuchâtel, who studied the flora of Manongarivo and also collected numerous Impatiens on the Masoala Peninsula.
This is the second species from Madagascar with four lateral sepals (see discussion under I. kuepferi ).
Impatiens sidaeformis Eb. Fisch. & Rahelivololona , sp. nov.
Ab Impatiente sacculifera differt indumento foliorum petiolorumque et floribus minoribus.
TYPUS. — Rasoavimbahoaka 704, Madagascar, Prov. Antsiranana, Andapa, Doany, Betsomanga, environ 11,2 km à vol d’oiseau au sud-est (14°) de Doany et à 7,5 km au nord-est (1°) d’Ambalamanasy II, entre la rivière d’Ampandrana et Betsomanga, au nord de Marojejy, 14°27’S, 49°34’E, 920-1040 m, 15-29 May 1995 (holo-, GoogleMaps TAN; iso-, MO, P).
Prostrate to ascending richly branched herb up to 30 cm tall, densely covered with ferrugineous brownish multicellular hairs. Stem rooting at nodes, densely pilose at least in upper parts. Leaves alternate, distant, petiole 50-100 mm long, with 1- 4 pairs of extrafloral nectaries, lamina ovate or elliptic, base attenuate and rounded, apex acuminate, 45-50 × 15-20 mm, margin with 11-13 pairs of fimbriae. Inflorescence with 1-2 axillary flowers, bracts linear-lanceolate, acuminate, c. 4 × 0.8 mm. Pedicel 38-45 mm long. Flower white with yellow spur. Lateral sepals lanceolate-acuminate, c. 2 mm long, pilose. Lower sepal sparsely pilose, navicular, apiculate, c. 7 mm long, spur short and recurved, c. 2 mm long. Dorsal petal cucculate, with an apicule at apex, dorsal crest straight, descending towards base, sparsely pilose. Lateral united petals 13 mm long, upper petal bilobed, acuminate, with upper lobe smaller, lower petal bilobed.
Ovary glabrous. Fruit fusiform, c. 10 × 3- 4 mm. — Fig. 4. View FIG
HABITAT. — Montane rainforest.
DISTRIBUTION. — Madagascar, only known from the type locality.
ETYMOLOGY. — Resembling a Sida (Malvaceae) .
The species appears to be closely related to Impatiens sacculifera H. Perrier , which is known from the bay of Antongil. However, I. sidaeformis differs in having densely tomentose indumentum on the stems and leaves (subglabrous in I. sacculifera ), longer peduncles and generally smaller flowers with different shape of the lateral united petals.
Impatiens vellela Eb. Fisch. & Rahelivololona , sp. nov.
Impatienti mindiae affinis, sed forma petali dorsali et callo petali laterali inferioris valde differt.
TYPUS. — Rahelivololona, Saola & Scenario 142, Madagascar, Prov. Toamasina, Masoala, Ambanizana- Ambohitsitondroina, montée vers sommet Ambohitsitondroina, vers 750-900 m, sous bois le long du ruisseau sur rocher ou épiphyte 2 m au-dessus d’un arbre, 19 Feb. 2002 (holo-, TAN; iso-, NEU).
Perennial herb, glabrous. Stem up to 50 cm tall. Leaves coriaceous and succulent, lower surface light green, upper surface green-reddish, petiole reddish and green, 12-17 mm long, with 2-3 pairs of extrafloral nectaries, lamina ovatelanceolate, apex acuminate, 55-85 × 17-25 mm, margin with (7-)8(-9) pairs of fimbriae. Inflorescence axillary, with a short peduncle, up to 3-4 mm long, bracts 2-3 × 0.8-1 mm, pedicel 30-50 mm long. Flower white to white-pink, lateral petals with yellow and red callus. Lateral sepals 2, ovate, acuminate, 5-6 × c. 3 mm. Lower sepal navicular, c. 13 mm long, spur curved, obtuse, 7-8 mm long. Dorsal petal cucullate, with a very broad and lobed lower margin, resembling a jelly-fish, 10-12 × 11-12 mm. Lateral united petals with an elongate callus, 23-24 mm long, upper petal bilobed, 11-12 × c. 6 mm, lower petal bilobed, c. 15 × 10 mm, inner lobe 5-6 × c. 4 mm. Anthers c. 6 mm long. Ovary 6-7 mm long. Fruit unknown. — Fig. 5. View FIG
HABITAT. — Montane rainforest.
5 mm
10 mm
DISTRIBUTION. — Madagascar, only known from the type locality.
ETYMOLOGY. — The dorsal petal resembles a jelly-fish (Malagasy name “vellela”).
The species is related to Impatiens mindiae Eb. Fisch., Wohlhauser & Rahelivololona , but differs in having a dorsal petal with a distinct margin giving the impression of a jelly-fish, and in the shape of the lateral sepal and the presence of a callus on lower lateral petal. Both species are restricted to the Masoala Peninsula.
Impatiens mayae-valeriae Eb. Fisch. & Rahelivololona , sp. nov.
Impatienti manongarivensi affinis, sed floribus valde majoribus et forma sepalorum et petalorum differt.
TYPUS. — Schatz, Goldblatt, Rakotozafy & Randrianasolo 2683, Madagascar, Prov. Toamasina, Réserve Intégrale 1 Betampona, approx. 3 km N of Fotsimavo , 17°55’S, 49°13’E, 500 m, 5 Apr. 1989 (holo-, GoogleMaps TAN; iso-, P, BR, MO).
Perennial herb with woody rhizome, entirely glabrous. Stem woody at base, up to 100 cm tall. Leaves alternate, distant, dark green above, light green below, petiole 2-3 cm long, with 1-4 obtuse extrafloral nectaries, c. 1 mm long, lamina oblong to oblanceolate, base attenuate and apex acuminate, 130-170 × 30-60 mm, margin with 13- 15 pairs of fimbriae. Inflorescence axillary, with 1 to 3 flowers, peduncle 1 mm long, bracts obovate, c. 7 × 2.5 mm, pedicel 45-50 mm long. Flower with sepals white with very slight pink tinge, petals pink with dark red spotches at base, lower sepal with nectar spur whitish pink outside, reticulate magenta inside. Lateral sepals broadly ovate, acuminate, c. 17 × 8 mm. Lower sepal c. 23 mm long, 20 mm deep, with filiform, obtuse, slightly to distinctly curved spur up to 32-37 mm long. Dorsal petal cucculate, c. 20 mm long and 16 mm deep. Lateral united petals c. 42 mm long, upper petal bifid, c. 20 × 14 mm, lower petal c. 30 × 26 mm. Anthers 9-10 mm long. Ovary c. 10 mm long. Fruit unknown. — Fig. 6. View FIG
HABITAT. — Submontane rainforest.
DISTRIBUTION. — Madagascar, only known from the type locality.
ETYMOLOGY. — Dedicated to Maya Valerie STROMBERG/NEUSS on the occasion of her birthday.
Impatiens mayae-valeriae appears to be related to I. manongarivensis H. Perrier , I. emiliae Eb. Fisch. & Rahelivololona and I. bathiei Eb. Fisch. & Rahelivololona , but differs distinctly in its leafshape, the size of flowers and shape of its sepals and petals. Impatiens mayae-valeriae has a more southern distribution than the other species which are restricted to northern Madagascar (Manongarivo, Tsaratanana).
PARATYPE. — Andrianarisata 112, Madagascar, Prov. Toamasina, Réserve Naturelle Intégrale de Betampona , piste principale, 17°55’S, 49°13’E, 210- 410 m, 22 Apr. 1994 ( P, TAN, MO) GoogleMaps .
Impatiens loki-schmidtiae Eb. Fisch. & Rahelivololona , sp. nov.
Ex affinitate Impatienti manongarivensi, sed pedicellis longis et nectariis extrafloralibus spinosis differt.
TYPUS. — Randriamampionona 324, Madagascar, Prov. Toliara, Réserve Intégrale 11 Andohahela , Parcelle 1, vicinity of Eminiminy , 24°40’S, 46°48’E, 200-700 m, 4-24 May 1993 (holo-, GoogleMaps TAN; iso-, P).
Perennial herb, densely pilose with multicellular, brownish hairs. Stem up to 100 cm tall. Leaves alternate, lanceolate-ovate, densely pilose, petiole 50-70 mm long, with 8-10 spine-like triangular extrafloral nectaries, lamina elliptic, base attenuate, apex acuminate, 85-130 × 38-55 mm, margin with 16-18 pairs of fimbriae. Inflorescence with single axillary flowers. Pedicel 75-95 mm long. Flower light red, whitish inside. Lateral sepals lanceolate, pilose, 4-5 × 1.5-2 mm. Lower sepal navicular, densely pilose outside, c. 10 × 6- 10 mm, with a long filiform, pilose, curved spur c. 25-30 mm long. Dorsal petal with greenish crest and apicule, 15 mm long and 16-17 mm broad. Lateral united petals 23-25 mm long, upper petal bifid, c. 15 × 12- 3 mm, lower petal 15-16 × 10-12 mm. Anthers 5-6 mm long. Ovary 5-7 mm long. Fruit 14-15 × 6-7 mm. — Fig. 7. View FIG
5 mm
HABITAT. — Submontane rainforest, on rocks.
DISTRIBUTION. — Madagascar, only known from the type locality.
ETYMOLOGY. — The species is dedicated to Loki SCHMIDT, renowned botanist and nature conserver, on the occasion of her 85th birthday.
Impatiens loki-schmidtiae is related to Impatiens manongarivensis , I. emiliae and I. bathiei , but can be easily distinguished by its long pedicels and the spine-like extrafloral nectaries on its petiole. It is the only representative of the group in southern Madagascar, while all other relatives occur in northern to eastern Madagascar (Manongarivo south to Toamasina).
PARATYPES. — Randriamampionona 565, Toliara, Réserve Intégrale 11, Andohahela , Parcelle 1, southwest of Eminiminy , Manatavona River , 24°40’S, 46°48’E, 200-700 m, 9-26 Aug. 1993 ( P, TAN, MO); Du Puy, Du Puy, Rafamantanantsoa, Dransfield, Cheek & Cooke MB 527 GoogleMaps , off Route Nationale XI, Andohahela Parcelle 1, path over Col Antanatana to Iminiminy , 24°44’S, 46°47’E, c. 800 m a.s.l., 7 Dec. 1989 ( P, TAN, MO) GoogleMaps .
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
|
Kingdom |
|
|
Phylum |
|
|
Class |
|
|
Order |
|
|
Family |
|
|
Genus |