Anteropora glandapiculis, Mojica & Jensen & Caira, 2013

Mojica, Kendra R., Jensen, Kirsten & Caira, Janine N., 2013, Revision Of Anteropora (Cestoda: Lecanicephalidea) And Descriptions Of Five New Species From Stingrays (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae) In Borneo, Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (2), pp. 491-506 : 497-499

Anteropora glandapiculis , new species

( Figs. 3A–C , 4 )

Type and only host. — Himantura pastinacoides 1 (sensu Naylor et al., 2012a) ( Myliobatiformes : Dasyatidae )

Site of infection. — Spiral intestine

Holotype. — MZUM(P) 2013.4(H) ex Himantura pastinacoides 1 (sensu Naylor et al., 2012a) (host no. BO-98), MALAYSIA: off Kampung [=Village] Tetabuan (06°01'N, 117°42'E), Sabah, Sulu Sea , 28 Apr.2003, coll. J. N. Caira & K. Jensen.

Paratypes. — Ex Himantura pastinacoides 1 (sensu Naylor et al., 2012a), MALAYSIA: Sematan (01°48'N, 109°46'E), Sarawak, South China Sea , 1 Jun.2002 (host no. BO- 12) and 14 May 2003 (host no. BO-168), and Kampung [=Village] Tetabuan (06°01'N, 117°42'E), Sabah , Sulu Sea , 21 Jun.2002 (host nos. BO-76) and 3 May 2003 (host no. BO-116), INDONESIA: Kalapseban (03°14'S, 112°55'E), Central Kalimantan, Java Sea , 4 Dec.2006 (host no. KA- 105) and Manggar (01°13'S, 116°58'E), East Kalimantan, Makassar Strait, 29 Jul.2008 (host no. KA-421), coll. J. N. Caira & K. Jensen. MZUM(P) 2013.5(P), 6(P) (2 whole mounts) (host nos. BO-116, KA-105); SBC-P-00061, 00062 (2 whole mounts) (host no. BO-168); MZBCa 176, 177 (2 whole mounts) (host no. KA-105); ZRC.PAR. 23, 24 (2 whole mounts) (host nos. BO-12, KA-421); USNPC 106522–106524 (5 whole mounts) (host nos. BO-12, KA- 105, KA-421); LRP 7970–7973 (4 whole mounts) (host nos. BO-12, BO-76, BO-168). Four specimens (host no. BO-168) prepared for SEM retained by K. Jensen at the University of Kansas .

Etymology. — Derived from glans (L., acorn-shaped) and apiculus (L. diminutive, point) referring to the glandular nature of the prominent apical organ.

Description. — Based on 22 specimens: 18 whole mounts of mature worms, four specimens prepared for SEM.

Worms 553–1,180 (830 ± 170; 18) long; maximum width at scolex, euapolytic; proglottids 7–14 (10 ± 2; 18) in number. Scolex 123–187 (152 ± 17; 18) long by 164–237 (189 ± 23; 9) wide, consisting of four acetabula, apical modificaton of scolex proper and apical organ; cephalic peduncle absent. Acetabula bothridiate in form, elongate oval in shape, with posterior notch at midline, 114–206 (158 ± 22; 18; 34) long by 74–118 (93 ± 12; 14; 24) wide. Apical modification of scolex proper dome-shaped, with aperture at center, housing apical organ. Apical organ primarily glandular, weakly muscular, spherical to conical in form, 28–73 (54 ± 10; 18) long by 47–82 (56 ± 9; 18) wide, non-protrusible.

Apical modification of scolex proper ( Fig. 4C ) and scolex proper at base of apical modification ( Fig. 4D ) covered with hastate spinitriches and acicular filitriches. Distal ( Fig. 4E ) and proximal ( Fig. 4F ) surfaces of bothridia covered with trullate spinitriches and acicular filitriches. Proglottids with capilliform filitriches throughout, also with small hastate spinitriches along anterior margins and with small scolopate spinitriches along posterior proglottid margins ( Fig. 4G ).

Proglottids craspedote, non-laciniate. Immature proglottids 6–12 (8 ± 2; 18) in number, initially wider than long, becoming longer than wide with maturity. Mature proglottids 1–2 in number; subterminal proglottid 84–201 (141 ± 40; 18) long by 83–150 (111 ± 19; 18) wide; terminal proglottid 235–456 (349 ± 56; 18) long by 107–165 (128 ± 14; 18) wide. Testes invariably four in number, arranged in single column, 32–62 (44 ± 6; 20; 53) long by 62–104 (83 ± 10; 20; 52) wide, extending from anterior margin of proglottid to slightly overlap anterior margin of ovary. Vasa efferentia not observed. Vas deferens in fully mature proglottids enlarged to form external seminal vesicle, extending along lateral margin of proglottid from ootype region to anterior margin of cirrus-sac. Internal seminal vesicle not observed. Cirrus-sac pyriform, at level of second testis, slightly angled anteriorly, 54–96 (79 ± 14; 13) long by 36–67 (48 ± 8; 18) wide, containing coiled cirrus. Cirrus armed with spinitriches. Ovary smooth, H-shaped in frontal view, tetralobed in crosssection, symmetrical, 36–99 (70 ± 17; 18) long by 63–110 (82 ± 12; 17) wide; ovarian bridge at middle of ovary. Mehlis’ gland posterior to ovarian bridge. Vagina extending along lateral margin of proglottid from ootype region to genital atrium, opening into genital atrium posterior to cirrus-sac. Genital pores lateral, irregularly alternating, 58–70% (65 ± 3; 16) of proglottid length from posterior end. Uterus saccate, extending essentially along midline of proglottid from ovarian bridge to posterior margin of anterior-most testis. Vitellarium follicular; vitelline follicles 7–33 (17 ± 5; 15; 42) long by 12–43 (27 ± 8; 14; 39) wide, in two lateral fields; each field consisting of two columns, extending from posterior margin of anterior-most testis on aporal side and from posterior margin of cirrus-sac on poral side to posterior margin of proglottid, partially interrupted by ovary. Two pairs of excretory vessels. Eggs not observed.

Remarks. — The euapolytic nature of A. glandapiculis , new species, clearly distinguishes it from A. indica , A. japonica , A. klosmamorphis and A. leelongi . In addition, Anteropora glandapiculis , new species, has fewer testes than A. japonica and A. leelongi (four vs six), and many fewer proglottids than A. klosmamorphis (7–14 vs 87–274). It further differs from A. indica in that its genital pore is positioned between the second and third testis from the anterior end of the proglottid rather than between the first and second testis. With respect to its euapolytic congeners, A. glandapiculis , new species, is a shorter worm (553–1,180 vs 2,925 –6,195), possesses many fewer proglottids overall (7–14 vs 43–82) and also fewer mature proglottids (1–2 vs 3–8) than A. cuba . With respect to A. joannae , A. glandapiculis , new species, possesses a more posterior genital pore (58–70% vs 71–81% of proglottid length from posterior end) and the cirrus-sac is positioned at the level of the second testis, rather than between the first and second testis as seen in A. joannae .

Figures

Fig. 3. Line drawings of Anteropora species. A–C, A. glandapiculis, new species. A, whole worm, paratype (USNPC 106524); B, scolex, paratype (USNPC 106522); C, terminal proglottid, holotype (MZUM[P] 2013.4[H]). D–F, A. patulobothridium, new species. D, whole worm, holotype (MZBCa 181); E, scolex, paratype (USNPC 106531); F, terminal proglottid, paratype (USNPC 106532).

Fig. 4. Scanning electron micrographs of Anteropora glandapiculis, new species. A, whole worm; B, scolex (small letters indicate location of details in C–G); C, surface of apical modification of scolex proper; D, surface of scolex proper at base of apical modification; E, distal bothridial surface; F, proximal bothridial surface; G, surfaces at boundary between adjacent proglottids.