Capra Linnaeus, 1758

Parrini, Francesca, Cain, James W. & Krausman, Paul R., 2009, Capra ibex (Artiodactyla: Bovidae), Mammalian Species 830 (1), pp. 1-12 : 1-2

Capra Linnaeus, 1758

Capra Linnaeus, 1758:68 . Type species Capra hircus Linnaeus, 1758 , by Linnaean tautonomy.

Hircus Brisson, 1762:12. Unavailable name (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1998).

Ibex Frisch, 1775:table. Unavailable name (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1954).

Ibex Pallas, 1776:32. Type species Ibex sibiricus Pallas, 1776, by monotypy.

Hircus Boddaert, 1785:50. Type species Capra hircus Linnaeus, 1758 .

Aries Link, 1795:96 . Name included Capra Linnaeus, 1758 , and Ovis Linnaeus, 1758 ; no type species selected.

Tragus Schrank, 1798:78 . Type species Tragus aegagrus (5 Capra aegagrus Erxleben, 1777 ) by monotypy.

Aegoceros Pallas, 1811:224 . Type species Capra hircus Linnaeus, 1758 .

Aegocerus Agassiz, 1846:9 . Unjustified emendation of Aegoceros Pallas, 1811 .

[ Capra (] Orthaegoceros [)] Trouessart, 1905:730. Type species Capra falconeri Wagner, 1839 , by subsequent designation ( Conisbee 1953:62); proposed as a subgenus of Capra Linnaeus, 1758 .

[ Capra (] Turus [)] Hilzheimer in Hilzheimer and Heck, 1916:273. Type species Capra caucasica Gu ¨ldenstädt and Pallas in Pallas, 1783, by subsequent designation ( Conisbee 1953:89); proposed as a subgenus of Capra Linnaeus, 1758 .

[ Capra (] Euibex [)] Camerano, 1916:338. Type species Capra ibex Linnaeus, 1758 ; proposed as a subgenus of Capra Linnaeus, 1758 for C. ibex , C. pyrenaica Schinz, 1838 , C. hispanica (5 Capra pyrenaica ) Schimper, 1848, C. nubiana F. Cuvier, 1825 , and C. walie Ru ¨ ppell, 1835.

[ Capra (] Eucapra [)] Camerano, 1916:338. Type species Capra sibirica Meyer, 1794 ; proposed as a subgenus of Capra Linnaeus, 1758 , for C. sibirica Meyer, 1794 , C. caucasica Gu ¨ ldensta¨ dt and Pallas in Pallas, 1783, C. aegagrus Erxleben, 1777 , and C. falconeri Wagner, 1839 .

Turocapra de Beaux, 1949:17. Type species Capra pyrenaica Schinz, 1838 , by original designation; described as a subgenus of Capra Linnaeus, 1758 .

Hilzheimeria Kretzoi and Kretzoi, 2000:164 . Replacement name for Turus Hilzheimer in Hilzheimer and Heck, 1916, under the mistaken assumption that Turus was preoccupied by Turus Gloger, 1841:303 (an incorrect subsequent spelling of Turdus Linnaeus, 1758 [ Aves ]).

CONTEXT AND CONTENT. Order Artiodactyla , suborder Ruminantia , infraorder Pecora , family Bovidae , subfamily Caprinae , tribe Caprini ( Simpson 1945) . There are differing opinions as to the number of species within the genus Capra . Haltenorth (1963) recognized only 2 species ( hircus and falconeri ), whereas Heptner et al. (1961) recognized 9. Grubb (2005) listed the following species: C. caucasica , C. falconeri , C. hircus , C. ibex , C. nubiana , C. pyrenaica , C. sibirica , and C. walie . In addition to these 8 species, Heptner (1961) included cylindricornus, which Grubb (2005) listed as a subspecies of C. caucasica .