Pseudopaludicola canga, Giaretta, Ariovaldo A., De, Marcelo N. & Kokubum, C., 2003

Giaretta, Ariovaldo A., De, Marcelo N. & Kokubum, C., 2003, A new species of Pseudopaludicola (Anura, Leptodactylidae) from northern Brazil, Zootaxa 383, pp. 1-8 : 2-6

Pseudopaludicola canga , sp. nov. ( Figs. 1 and 2 )

Pseudopaludicola mystacalis: Lobo, 1996: 341 (in part).

Holotype: ZUEC 6088, an adult male (15.9 mm SVL), collected between 20­29 July 1984 by A. J. Cardoso at the Serra dos Carajás (approx. 6°S; 50°W; 700 m; see Fig. 1 in Morellato and Rosa, 1991), municipality of Marabá, State of Pará (PA), Brazil. Collector note: Tape recorded, "Lago N4" (see Cunha et al., 1985 for map). Measurements (mm): snoutvent length = 15.9; head width = 6.0; head length = 5.0; shank = 7.9; thigh = 8.0; foot = 8.8; hand = 4.7; eye diameter = 2.0; eye­nostril distance = 1.3.

Paratopotypes: Seventy three transformed individuals from Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brazil. Males: ZUEC 6274­5, collected by C. F. B. Haddad and G. V. Andrade on 23­24 July 1983; ZUEC 9975, 9978, 9985, 9999, 10018, unknown collector in July­August 1988. Females ZUEC 9970, 9991­2, 9997­8, unknown collector in July­August 1988; ZUEC 6089, by A. J. Cardoso on 20­29 July 1984. Individuals of undetermined sex: ZUEC 6083­9, by A. J. Cardoso, on 20­29 July 1984; 9968­9, 9971­4, 9976­7, 9979­84, 9986­9, 9993­6, 10000­17, 10019­31, unknown collector in July–August 1988. Measurements in Table I.

TABLE I. Measurements (in mm) of adult individuals of the type series of P seudopaludicola canga from Serra dos Carajás, PA, Brazil. Range (Mean + SD). The holotype is included among the males.

Diagnosis: The new species is a member of the genus Pseudopaludicola , based on the small size and presence of antebrachial tubercles ( Lobo, 1995). A member of the Pseudopaludicola pusilla group ( Lynch 1989), with T­shaped terminal phalanges (see Fig. 44 I, in Lynch, 1971). The largest species of the group, males reaching 16.2 and females 20.1 mm in SVL (Table I).

Besides the larger size, the new species can also be distinguished from P. boliviana by the absence of an enlarged tubercle on heel, snout rounded viewed from above, and toe tips not expanded laterally; from P. ceratophyes by the absence of the enlarged palpebral tubercle, toe tips not expanded laterally, toe webbing less developed; from P. pusilla by showing no evidence of tubercle on heel, toe tips not expanded laterally and round antebrachial tubercle and from P. llanera by the presence of dorsal folds, snout rounded in dorsal view, tibio­tarsal articulation reaching the posterior border of eye when the hind leg is adpressed and broader interorbital distance.

Description of the holotype: Snout rounded in dorsal and lateral views; vomerine teeth absent; tongue ovoid, free posteriorly; dorsal surface smooth; belly and throat smooth; single subgular vocal sac; transversal fold across chest present; upper eyelids smooth; tympanum not evident; pupil horizontally elliptical; outer metacarpal tubercle round; small supernumerary tubercle present on outer margin of hand; inner metacarpal tubercle oval; lengths of fingers I ~ II ~ IV <III; inner metatarsal tubercle oval; outer metatarsal tubercle round and conical; lengths of toes I <II <V <III <IV; finger and toe tips not expanded; fine nuptial asperity present on the base of thumb; toes barely webbed and extensively fringed; two round antebrachial tubercles present, the distal barely visible; no tubercle on heel; outer edge of tarsus and forearm smooth; a dermal ridge present from inner metatarsal tubercle to mid length of tarsus; no pigmentation on base of tongue; paravertebral chevron­shaped pattern of mottling behind eyes to shoulder. Compare with the paratype in Figure 1

Color: In preservative, dorsum pale gray or pale brown; the glandular folds can be darker. Belly cream or whitish; gular region like the belly or with fine darker reticulation. Face with 3–4 pale blotches at the border of the mouth. Dark transverse stripes in thigh and shank (2–3), tarsus and foot (3–4), and forearm (2–3). A pale vertebral stripe is present in 14% of the individuals. Coloration in life was not recorded.

Variation: Flanks can be slightly rugous; transversal fold across chest can be present or absent; 0–3 small supernumerary tubercles on outer margin of hand; the distal antebrachial tubercles can be lacking; the paravertebral mottling can be associated with glandular crests.

Advertisement call: A typical advertisement call of Pseudopaludicola canga ( Fig. 3 ) is composed of notes with 1–9 pulses (mean = 6). The pulses are between 3.4–4.3 kHz, with a raising frequency in its final half. The duration of a call with six pulses is about 0.48 s. Calls (those with more than one pulse) are emitted at a rate of 19–34 per minute. The pulse duration is about 0.052 s and the interval between pulses is about 0.032 s.

Distribution: Known only from the type locality.

Etymology: The specific epithet canga , is a Tupi indigenous word to the exposed iron ore deposits where the new species was found. It is used as a noun in apposition.

Figures

FIGURE 1. — Dorsal view of the holotype (ZUEC 6088) of Pseudopaludicola canga sp. n .. Male, 15.9 mm SVL.

FIGURE 2. — Details of head in dorsal (above left) and lateral (above right) view, palmar view of hand (below left), and plantar view of foot (below right) of Pseudopaludicola canga sp. n. Paratopotype ZUEC 6087, a sub­adult female.

FIGURE 3. — Sonogram of the advertisement call of Pseudopaludicola canga sp. n. Air temperature 25 ° C. Record AJC 060 A / 01.