Agonoscena cisti ( Puton, 1882 )

Bastin, Saskia, Burckhardt, Daniel, Reyes-Betancort, Alfredo, Hernández-Suárez, Estrella & Ouvrard, David, 2023, A review of the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) of the Canary Islands, with descriptions of two new genera and sixteen new species, Zootaxa 5313 (1), pp. 1-98 : 18-20

Agonoscena cisti ( Puton, 1882)

( Figs 94 – 96 , 224 )

Material examined. Gran Canaria: 2 ♂, 4 ♀, Tafira ( R. Storå) ( FMNH, dry mounted) .

Description. Adult. Burckhardt & Lauterer (1989).

Fifth-instar immature Burckhardt & Lauterer (1989).

Distribution CI. Gran Canaria ( Loginova 1976, as Agonoscena targionii ).

Host plant CI. No information.

* Agonoscena sinuata Bastin, Burckhardt & Ouvrard sp. nov.

( Figs 23–25 , 97–101 , 197 , 225–229 )

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0DD5B017-3A02-4BB7-B84E-466206A59A8D

Material examined. Holotype ♂, Tenerife : 1 ♂, Buenavista del Norte, Teno, 28.3611 N, 16.8723 W, 200 m alt., 1.iv.2017, Ruta pinnata (A. González) ( NHMB, dry mounted).

Paratypes. Tenerife: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Garachico, El Guincho, 28.3727 N, 16.7417 W, 750 m alt., 1.iv.2017, R. pinnata (A. González) ( NHMB, 70% ethanol); 6 ♂ , 16 ♀, 15 immatures, same data as holotype ( NHMB, 70% ethanol); 3 ♂ , 3 ♀, same data but ( MUSA, 70% ethanol); 3 ♂ , 3 ♀, same data but ( ICIA, 70% ethanol); 3 ♂ , 3 ♀, same data but ( ANSES, LSV, 70% ethanol); 3 ♂ , 3 ♀, 4 immatures same data but ( SBPC, 70% ethanol); 7 ♂ , 6 ♀, same data but 16.iii.2019, R. pinnata (S. Bastin) ( SBPC, slide mounted) ; 5 immatures, Güimar, Barranco Badajoz, 28.3044 N, 16.4305 W, 410 m alt., 20.iv.2018, R. pinnata (S. Bastin) ( NHMB, slide mounted) ; 1 ♀, same data but 16.iii.2019, R. pinnata (S. Bastin) ( SBPC, 70% ethanol); 2 ♂ , 3 ♀, same data but 1.vi.2020, R. pinnata (S. Bastin) ( MUSA, 70% ethanol) .

Description. Adult. Colouration from live specimens. General body colour ochreous. Head with ventral face yellow. Head and thorax ochreous, bearing white spots as follows: 2 adjoining at coronal suture, 1 near each lateral ocellus, 1 at the base of pronotum, 2 on mesopraescutum, 4 on mesoscutellum and 2 on metascutellum. Antenna yellow with light brown scape and pedicel, apices of segments 4 and 8 and entire segments 6, 9 and 10 dark brown or almost black. Forewings transparent, with brown cloudy pattern consisting of a double zig-zag line along outer wing-margin and around apex of vein Cu 1b, and dark brown spots on the veins. Hindwings transparent with brown pattern on apical part of anal and costal area. Abdomen dark brown in mature specimens and ochreous with more-or-less expanded brown pattern in teneral specimens. Male terminalia with proctiger, subgenital plate and parameres yellow brown; apex of proctiger and parameres dark brown, almost dark. Female terminalia yellow brown with apex dark brown.

Structure. Body length 1.5–1.7 mm. Head transverse. Compound eyes large, hemispherical. Vertex ( Fig. 97 ) subtrapezoidal, 1.5 – 1.7 times as broad as long, with anterior margin in dorsal view concave, sparsely covered with very short setae; coronal suture developed with base reduced or fully developed. Genal processes absent. Genae only weakly protruding. Antenna ( Fig. 98 ) 1.1 – 1.3 times as long as head width, with a single subapical rhinarium on each of segments 4 to 9; antennal segment 10 with one terminal seta 1.2 times as long as segment and one 1.6 times as long as segment. Metacoxa ( Fig. 99 ) with tubercular meracanthus and short, slender tubular process on trochanteral cavity. Metatibia 0.8 times as long as head width, with an open crown of 10 – 12 sclerotized stout spurs apically. Metabasitarsus with two black apical spurs. Forewing ( Fig. 100 ) ovate, elongated, 2.6 – 3.2 times as long as head width, 2.3 times as long as wide, widest in apical two thirds, narrowly rounded at apex; vein C+Sc almost straight in middle, curved in apical quarter; pterostigma at base about half as wide as adjacent part of cell r 1; vein Rs long, slightly sinuate; vein M almost straight, as long as vein M 1+2; vein M 3+4 weakly sinuate; cell m 1 elongated, m 1 cell value 1.5 – 2.0; vein cu 1a arched; vein cu 1b short, straight; cu 1 cell value 4.3 – 4.8; surface spinules forming cellular pattern, present in all cells and reaching veins; veins with short setae. Male terminalia as in Figs 23, 24 , 101 . Proctiger cylindrical, 0.4 – 0.5 times as long as head width, anterior margin convex, covered with long setae in apical two third. Paramere 0.5 – 0.6 as long as proctiger, in lateral view, narrowly lamellar, gradually tapering in apical third, slightly bent backwards, with a slender pointed posterior lobe, shorter than anterior lobe, arising in basal part; outer face with sparse short setae in apical two thirds and with moderately long setae close to anterior margin and, near and on posterior lobe; inner face with short setae mainly in apical part and long setae near and on posterior margin. Distal segment of aedeagus dilated in apical two thirds; sclerotised end tube of ductus ejaculatorius moderately large, strongly sinuous. Subgenital plate subglobular, with sinuate posterior margin, produced in a flat hump posteroventrally, covered with sparse long setae. Female terminalia as in Fig. 25 . Proctiger 0.7 – 0.8 times as long as head width, with dorsal margin weakly sinuate and a median hump in apical third, narrowly rounded apically, bearing short setae ventroapically, moderately long setae in apical two thirds and a few long setae near dorsal margin; circumanal ring with 2 complete rows of unequal pores. Subgenital plate subtriangular, bearing short setae mainly in apical two thirds and near ventral margin, subacute apically. Dorsal and ventral valvulae weakly curved, the latter with ventral denticles.

Measurements (in mm) (8 ♂, 7 ♀). Head width ♂ 0.42 – 0.46, 0.45 – 0.49 ♀; vertex length ♂ 0.16 – 0.17, ♀ 0.15 – 0.17; vertex width ♂ 0.26, ♀ 0.26 – 0.29; antenna length ♂ 0.53 – 0.57, ♀ 0.53 – 0.56; metatibia length ♂ 0.35 – 0.39, ♀ 0.36 – 0.38; forewing length ♂ 1.2 – 1.31, ♀ 1.28 – 1.43; forewing width ♂ 0.5 – 0.54, ♀ 0.54 – 0.61; male proctiger length 0.19 – 0.21; paramere length 0.11 – 0.12; distal segment of aedeagus length 0.09 – 0.10; female proctiger length 0.33 – 0.35; female anal ring length 0.10 – 0.14.

Fifth-instar immature. Colouration. Yellowish with dorsal sclerites of head, thorax, abdomen and the wing pads dark brown. Antennal segment 7 and tarsi dark brown.

Structure. Conforming to the generic description of Burckhardt & Lauterer (1989). Body ( Fig. 197 ) 1.3 times as long as wide. Antenna 0.7–0.9 times as long as forewing pad. Inner margin of forewing pad weakly concave. Caudal plate 0.6–0.7 times as long as wide. Anus ventral; outer circumanal ring composed of a single row of pores; several additional oval pore fields developed. Marginal lanceolate setae relatively long, slender and truncate, present in following numbers: forewing pad 9–12, hindwing pad 4–6 and caudal plate 11–13 (each side). Caudal plate dorsally bearing a few small pointed lanceolate setae, and sometimes with one or a few larger pointed lanceolate setae.

Measurements (in mm) (3 individuals). Body length 0.9; length of forewing pad 0.36–0.42.

Etymology. From the Latin sinuatus = bent, referring to the strongly sinuate end tube of the aedeagus.

Host plant CI. Ruta pinnata (Rutaceae) .

Distribution CI. Tenerife.

Biology. Immatures form galls by folding at the leaf margin.One gall contained eggs, immatures of various stages, cast skins and honeydew. We have found mummies and immatures parasitized by a species of the hymenopteran family Encyrtidae .

Comments. Agonoscena sinuata resembles A. targionii in the forewing pattern and the structure of the terminalia. It differs in having a more prominent and constricted tubular process on the trochanteral cavity; in the shape of the posterior lobe of the paramere, which is more tapering and pointed; in the presence of a posteroventral hump on the male subgenital plate; more elongate female terminalia; and a more sinuate dorsal margin of the female proctiger. Agonoscena sinuata and A. succincta ( Heeger, 1856) , another Mediterranean species, are both associated with Ruta (Rutaceae) . The latter differs from A. sinuata in the posterior lobe of the paramere which is rounded apically and is longer than the anterior lobe; the thicker female terminalia; and the less sinuate dorsal margin of the female proctiger. In the key of Burckhardt & Lauterer (1989), fifth-instar immatures of A. sinuata key out with A. pistaciae . Agonoscena sinuata has slightly narrower, apically narrowly rounded forewing pads, a larger number of marginal lanceolate setae on the hindwing pads and caudal plate, and a few lanceolate setae on the dorsal surface of the caudal plate that are usually lacking in A. pistaciae .

Figures

FIGURES 89–105. (89–93) Agonoscena atlantica: (89) head, dorsal view; (90) antenna; (91) metacoxa, lateral view; (92) forewing; (93) distal segment of aedeagus, lateral view. (94–96) Agonoscena cisti: (94) head, ventral view; (95) forewing; (96) male terminalia, lateral view. (97–101) Agonoscena sinuata: (97) head, dorsal view; (98) antenna; (99) metacoxa, lateral view; (100) forewing; (101) distal segment of aedeagus, lateral view. (102–105) Agonoscena targionii: (102) head, ventral view; (103) forewing; (104) male terminalia, lateral view; (105) female terminalia, lateral view.

FIGURES 219–229. (219–223) Agonoscena atlantica: (219, 220) adult, habitus; (219) lateral view; (220) dorsal view; (221, 222) immatures; (223) eggs. (224) Agonoscena cisti, habitus, lateral view. (225–229) Agonoscena sinuata: (225, 226) adult, habitus; (225) dorso-lateral view; (226) dorsal view; (227, 228) immatures; (229) eggs. Photographs 225–229 by Antonio González Hernández.

FIGURES 20–29. (20–22) Agonoscena atlantica: (20) male terminalia, lateral view; (21) paramere, inner surface, lateral view; (22) female terminalia, lateral view. (23–25) Agonoscena sinuata: (23) male terminalia, lateral view; (24) paramere, inner surface, lateral view; (25) female terminalia, lateral view. (26–29) Euphyllura confusa: (26) male terminalia, lateral view; (27) paramere, inner surface, lateral view; (28) distal segment of aedeagus, lateral view; (29) female terminalia, lateral view.

FIGURES 196–201. Fifth-instar immature; (196) Agonoscena atlantica; (197) Agonoscena sinuata; (198) Megadicrania tecticeps; (199) Strophingia canariensis; (200) Strophingia paligera; (201) Diaphorina gonzalezi.