Diaphorina gonzalezi Bastin, Burckhardt & Ouvrard, 2023

Bastin, Saskia, Burckhardt, Daniel, Reyes-Betancort, Alfredo, Hernández-Suárez, Estrella & Ouvrard, David, 2023, A review of the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) of the Canary Islands, with descriptions of two new genera and sixteen new species, Zootaxa 5313 (1), pp. 1-98 : 28-29

* Diaphorina gonzalezi Bastin, Burckhardt & Ouvrard sp. nov.

( Figs 46–50 , 125–131 , 201 , 245–250 )

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8E6E1629-0A1A-45D0-849D-F5DE561D1F64

Material examined. Holotype. 1 ♂, Tenerife: El Sauzal, 28.4694 N, 16,4334 W, 590 m alt., 28.i.2020, Gymnosporia cassinoides (A. González and S. Bastin) ( NHMB, dry mounted).

Paratypes. Tenerife: 6 ♂, 5 ♀, 53 immatures, 2 skins, i.2012, G. cassinoides (A. González) ( NHMB, dry mounted, 70% ethanol); 54 ♂ , 57 ♀, Valle de Guerra , 28.5092 N, 16.3861 W, 360 m alt., 1.xi.2012, G. cassinoides (A. González) ( SBPC, slide mounted, 70% ethanol); 2 ♂ , 2 ♀, same data but 2015, G. cassinoides (A. González) ( ICIA,70% ethanol); 5 ♂ , 9 ♀, 20 immatures, Los Silos, 28.3567 N, 16.8117 W, 240 m alt., 15.xi.2012, G. cassinoides (A. González) ( ANSES, LSV, 70% ethanol); 39 ♂ , 32 ♀, 2 immatures, same data as holotype ( NHMB, 70% ethanol); 20 ♂ , 20 ♀, same data but ( MUSA, slide mounted, 70% ethanol) ; 22 immatures, Santa Cruz, El Palmetum, 28.4530 N, 16.2578 W, 25 m alt., 31.x.2021, G. cassinoides (A. González) ( ICIA, 70% ethanol) .

Description. Adult. Colouration from live specimens. Head and thorax dorsally covered with white waxy secretion. General body colour dark brown. Compound eyes dark red. Ocelli dark red. Antennal segments 1 and 2 black, segments 3, 5 and 7 entirely dark yellow, segments 4, 6 and 8 each dark yellow with black apex, and segments 9 and 10 completely black.Apex of mesopraescutum with two black spots, mesoscutum with four black longitudinal stripes. Fore and mid legs black, basal tarsal segment light brown; hind leg black, meracanthus light brown, tibia and basal tarsal segment yellow, apical tarsal segment dark brown. Forewing ( Fig. 129 ) semitransparent, bearing brown to dark brown pattern consisting of partly uniform and partly maculated areas; leaving clear semicircular patches along the wing margin in the cells r 1, r 2, m 1, m 2 and cu 1 as well as apex of vein Cu 1a; pigmentation missing from almost entire cell c+sc, from base of r 1 and from a broad band along claval suture in cu 1b. Cells r 2 and m 2 in males often unpigmented, with more-or-less extended dark spots; females with extended uniform pigmentation; black spot on the bifurcation of vein R, basal part of vein M+Cu and vein M, sometimes on apical half of vein Cu 1b and basal part of vein Cu 1a. Abdomen and terminalia dark brown to black.

Structure. Body length 3.2 – 3.3 mm. Head ( Fig. 125 ) and thorax dorsally hairy with long setae and granular surface. Head as broad as pronotum. Compound eye subglobular. Vertex flat, subrectangular, 2.4 – 3.2 times as broad as long. Genal processes ( Fig. 126 ) 1.1–1.3 times as long as vertex along coronal suture, asymmetrical, tapered towards the apex, outer margin almost straight, inner margin convex and slightly angled, apically blunt. Antenna ( Fig. 127 ) short, slightly clavate, 0.7 – 0.9 times as long as head width, with a relatively large rhinarium on each of segments 4, 6, 8 and 9; segment 10 with 1 slender seta almost twice as long as segment, and 1 short, stout, truncate seta shorter than segment. Metatibia 0.9 – 1.0 times as long as head width, without genual spine, but with 7 – 8 black apical spurs; metabasitarsus with 2 black spurs. Forewing ( Fig. 129 ) pear-shaped, 3.8 – 4.0 times as long as head width, 2.4 – 2.6 times as long as wide; evenly widening to about apical quarter; fore margin more-or-less straight to apical fifth, then strongly curved towards hind margin, indistinctly angular at apex of vein Rs; pterostigma thin and long; vein Rs long, strongly sinuate in apical half; vein M almost straight, 1.5 times as long as vein M 1+2; cell m 1 about twice as long as wide; vein Cu 1a, strongly arched; vein Cu 1b short, weakly curved; surface spinules ( Fig. 130 ) present in all cells, densely spaced, denser and smaller along veins, thicker on dark areas. Male terminalia as in Figs 46–49 . Proctiger 0.5 – 0.6 times as long as head width, weakly inflated posteriorly, widest in slightly proximal of middle, covered with short setae in apical two thirds, setae more dense in apical part and near posterior margin. Paramere 0.8 – 0.9 times as long as proctiger, in lateral view, slightly clavate, evenly widening to apical fifth, evenly bent backwards in apical half, apex broadly rounded, bearing a small tooth on inner face, which is densely covered with long setae and some small setae in apical part, outer face with short setae in apical part and near posterior margin. Aedeagus with inner margin of basal segment in middle of straight part with a lump, distal segment straight but tapering apically, apical dilatation oval elongate, sclerotised end tube of ductus ejaculatorius short and slightly sinuate. Subgenital plate, in lateral view, longer than high, broadly subglobular, sparsely covered with short setae. Female terminalia oblong cuneate ( Fig. 50 ). Proctiger, 0.9 – 1.0 times as long as head width, slightly longer than the subgenital plate, dorsal margin indented in middle, with many dense conate setae in apical third and long setae arranged in a longitudinal row on either side in apical half; apex rounded, bearing sparse short setae; circumanal ring ( Fig. 131 ) elliptic, with 2 contiguous rows of unequal pores. Subgenital plate relatively long, ventral margin angled with distinct hump medially, straight in apical half, covered with conate and short setae, mainly in apical two third. Valvula ventralis curved, lacking teeth.

Measurements (in mm) (5 ♂, 4 ♀). Head width ♂ 0.59 – 0.63, ♀ 0.61 – 0.62; vertex length ♂ 0.14 – 0.16, ♀ 0.12 – 0.15; vertex width ♂ 0.36 – 0.39, ♀ 0.37 – 0.39; antenna length ♂ 0.46 – 0.56, ♀ 0.46 – 0.52; metatibia length ♂ 0.55 – 0.59, ♀ 0.57 – 0.59; forewing length ♂ 2.32 – 2.41, ♀ 2.41 – 2.48; forewing width ♂ 0.95 – 0.99, ♀ 0.97 – 1.03; male proctiger length 0.31 – 0.35; paramere length 0.27 – 0.28; distal segment of aedeagus length 0.20; female proctiger length 0.57 – 0.60; female circumanal ring length 0.18.

Fifth-instar immature. Colouration from live specimens. Dark brown to almost black. Eyes reddish brown. Forewing pads each with greyish patch anteriorly and 2 smaller yellowish areas posteriorly. Hindwing pad with a greyish patch posteriorly. Caudal plate with a yellow marginal band, wider laterally and narrower posteriorly. Membranes yellowish or whitish.

Structure. Conforming to generic description by Burckhardt (1984). Body ( Fig. 201 ) 1.1–1.2 times as long as wide. Antenna 0.3–0.5 times as long as forewing pad; pedicel with 3 pointed lanceolate setae, the distal two associated with the proximal two rhinaria. Humeral lobe of forewing pad ending at anterior half of eye; outer margin weakly and relatively evenly curved. Caudal plate 0.5–0.6 times as long as wide, bearing 45–49 marginal lanceolate setae on each side. Circumanal rings developed, outer ring slightly heart-shaped, consisting of a single row of elongate, slit-like pores.

Measurements (in mm) (9 individuals). Body length 1.5–1.7; length of forewing pad 0.60–0.94.

Etymology. Named after Antonio González Hernández, the collector of part of the type series.

Distribution CI. Tenerife.

Host plant CI. Gymnosporia cassinoides (Celastraceae) .

Comments. Diaphorina gonzalezi is morphologically similar to D. gymnosporiae Mathur, 1975 , known from India and Pakistan ( Burckhardt et al. 2018), in the broad genal processes, the forewing shape and pattern, and the colour and structure of the last-instar immature. The two species also share the same host genus, Gymnosporia . Diaphorina gonzalezi differs from D. gymnosporiae in having more asymmetrical genal processes, which are longer than the coronal suture (shorter in D. gymnosporiae ) and in details of the forewing pattern. In D. gymnosporiae , the area of cell r 2 above the bifurcation of M and the base of cell m 2 are mostly unpigmented so that the forewing pattern appears to form three longitudinal bands, while in D. gonzalezi these areas are mostly pigmented so that the impression of longitudinal bands disappears. Immatures of D. gonzalezi differ from those of D. gymnosporiae in having anteriorly a much less curved outer margin of the forewing pad. In the Mediterranean, the following four species also possess maculated forewings: D. aegyptiaca Puton, 1892 , D. chobauti , D. continua and D. lycii Loginova, 1978 . In D. aegyptiaca , the genal processes are symmetrical and subacute (rather than asymmetrical and blunt), the forewing pigmentation is less extended and the maculae are less confluent and the size is slightly smaller (forewing length: D. aegyptiaca <2.4 mm, D. gonzalezi > 2.3 mm), the female proctiger is less indented distal to the circumanal ring, and the female subgenital plate lacks the ventral hump present in D. gonzalezi . In the other three Mediterranean species, the genal processes are shorter than the vertex along the midline and the forewing maculation is sparser than in D. gonzalezi . Diaphorina chobauti and D. continua differ from D. gonzalezi also in having less asymmetrical genal processes. Diaphorina gonzalezi differs from these species also in its host-plant Gymnosporia (Celastraceae) compared to Convolvulus (Convolvulaceae) ( D. chobauti ), Cordia (Boraginaceae) ( D. aegyptiaca ), Lycium (Solanaceae) ( D. lycii ) and perhaps Thymelaea (Thymelaeaceae) ( D. continua ).

Figures

FIGURES 46–58. (46–50) Diaphorina gonzalezi: (46) male terminalia, lateral view; (47) paramere, inner surface, lateral view; (48) basal segment of aedeagus, lateral view; (49) distal segment of aedeagus, lateral view; (50) female terminalia, lateral view. (51–54) Arytaina insularis: (51) male terminalia, lateral view; (52) paramere, inner surface, lateral view; (53) distal segment of aedeagus, lateral view; (54) female terminalia, lateral view. (55–58) Arytaina meridionalis: (55) male terminalia, lateral view; (56) paramere, inner surface, lateral view; (57) distal segment of aedeagus, lateral view; (58) female terminalia, lateral view.

FIGURES 118–131. (118–123) Strophingia canariensis: (118) head, dorsal view; (119) vertex, dorsal view; (120) last antennal segment; (121) antenna; (122) forewing; (123) forewing surface. (124) Strophingia paligera, forewing. (125–131) Diaphorina gonzalezi: (125) head, dorsal view; (126) genal processes, dorsal view; (127) antenna; (128) metacoxa; (129) forewing; (130) forewing, showing surface spinules and pattern; (131) female circumanal ring.

FIGURES 196–201. Fifth-instar immature; (196) Agonoscena atlantica; (197) Agonoscena sinuata; (198) Megadicrania tecticeps; (199) Strophingia canariensis; (200) Strophingia paligera; (201) Diaphorina gonzalezi.

FIGURES 241–250. (241–244) Strophingia canariensis: (241, 242) adult, habitus; (241) lateral view; (242) dorsal view; (243, 244) fifth-instar immature. (245–250) Diaphorina gonzalezi: (245, 247) adult, habitus; (245) lateral view; (247) dorsal view; (246, 248–250) immatures.