Euscorpius stahlavskyi Tropea, Fet, Parmakelis, 2014

Tropea, Gioele, Fet, Victor, Parmakelis, Aristeidis, Kotsakiozi, Panayiota & Stathi, Iasmi, 2014, Three new species of Euscorpius (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae) from Greece, Euscorpius 190 (190), pp. 1-22 : 2-7

Euscorpius stahlavskyi Tropea, Fet, Parmakelis ,

Kotsakiozi et Stathi, sp. nov. ( Figs. 1–19; Table 1) http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:41F12631

-2969-444E-A839-06FE3223F97D

REFERENCES:

Euscorpius sp. Clade E0 (in part): Parmakelis et al., 2013: 740.

Type material (18 specimens: 14 ♂, 4 ♀). Holotype: ♂, GREECE, Epirus: Ioannina, Konitsa, Smolikas Mts. above Palioseli , 1630 m, 40°04'15.2"N, 20°53'22.0"E (40.070889°N, 20.889444°E), 17 June 2007 – 16 June 2008, leg. P.M. Giachino & D. Vailati ( PMGPC Sc31) . Paratypes: GREECE, Epirus: same label as holotype, 7 ♂, 1 ♀, 5 imm. ( PMGPC Sc31), 3 ♂, 1 ♀ ( GTC), 3 ♂, 1 ♀ ( MSNB); Ioannina, Konitsa, Smolikas Mts. , 1600 m, 2 km before the mountain refuge, 40.092088°N, 20.848358°E, 5 July 2005, leg. M. Mylonas, 1 ♀ ( NHMC 7308 , 81.1 .1.51, Eus77) .

Other material examined (not included in type series) (17 specimens: 4 ♂, 8 ♀, 5 imm.): GREECE, Epirus: same label as holotype, 5 imm. ( PMGPC Sc31); Zagori, Vikos Gorge, Papingo , 39.966667°N, 20.716667°E, 9 April–14 May 2008, ‘scorp14’, leg. F. Šťáhlavský, 1 ♀ ( VFPC); Ioannina, Pogoniskos, W of Nemertsilo, 900 m, in the gorge, 25 June 2010, leg. P. Lymberakis, 1 ♂ ( NHMC 12818 , Eus42); Ioannina, Konitsa, Voidomatis

River near Kalyvia, 440 m, 39.96860123°N, 20.66230011°E, 5 July 2005, leg. K. Vardinoyannis, 6 ♀ ( NHMC 7305 , 81.1 .1.59, Eus20); Ioannina, Konitsa, 1.5 km before Eleftera, from Konitsa to Palioseli, 900 m, 40.06280136° N, 20.84140015° E, 5 July 2005, leg. M. Mylonas, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ ( NHMC 7307 , 8.1.1.58); Ioannina, Konitsa, Smolikas Mts. , 1600 m, 2 km before the mountain refuge, 40.092088°N, 20.848358°E, 5 July 2005, leg. M. Mylonas, 1 ♂ ( NHMC 7308 , 81.1 .1.51, Eus77); Ioannina, Konitsa, Smolikas Mts., 200 m, 6 July 2005, leg. M. Mylonas, 1 ♂ ( NHMC 7310 , 81.1.1.57) .

DNA sequences ( Parmakelis et al., 2013: 740): GREECE, Epirus: Ioannina, Konitsa, Smolikas Mts , 1600 m, 2 km before the mountain refuge, 40.092088°N, 20.848358°E, 5 July 2005, leg. M. Mylonas ( NHMC 7308 , 81.1.1.51) , EC202, geneseq-2: 16S, COII, ITS1 ( GenBank accession numbers: KC215605 , KC215774 , KC215860 ) but not COI, see Notes; Vikos Gorge, Papingo , 39.966667°N, 20.716667°E, 9 April–14 May 2008, ‘scorp14’, leg. F. Šťáhlavský ( VFPC) , FESP33 , geneseq-3: 16S , COI, COII, ITS1 (GenBank accession numbers: KC215653 , KC215739 , KC215824 , KC215 909); Ioannina, Konitsa , Voidomatis River near Kalyvia , 440 m, 39.96860123°N, 20.66230011°E, EC210, geneseq-3: 16S , COI, COII, ITS1 (GenBank accession numbers: KC215614 , KC215698 , KC215783 , KC215 869); Ioannina, Konitsa , 1.5 km before Elefthera , road from Konitsa to Palioseli , 900 m, 40.06280136°N, 20.84140015°E, 5 July 2005, leg. M. Mylonas ( NHMC 7307 , 8.1.1.58), EC209, geneseq-3: 16S , COI, COII, ITS1 ( GenBank accession numbers: KC215613 , KC215 697, KC215782 , KC215868 ) .

Etymology: Named after our colleague, Dr. František Šťáhlavský (Prague, Czech Republic) who pioneered studies of Euscorpius karyotypes, and who collected one of the specimens used for DNA analysis of this new species.

Geographic range: Northwestern Greece, Epirus, northwestern part of the Pindos Mountains ( Fig. 54).

Diagnosis. A medium to medium-large Euscorpius species , total length 30–39 mm (average 34.54). Color of adults light to medium brown/reddish, carapace darker. Reticulation or marbling always present on the metasoma, and varying from absent to weak to highly marked on carapace and mesosoma. Poorly granulated metasomal carinae, except on segment V, which has granulated carinae. The number of trichobothria on the pedipalp manus ventral surface is 4 (V 1-3 +Et 1). The number of trichobothria on the pedipalp patella ventral surface usually is 7, more rarely 8 (7 in 75.93 % and 8 in 16.67 % of pedipalps examined). The number of trichobothria on pedipalp patella external surface is: eb = 4, eba = 4, esb = 2, em = 4, est = 4, et = 5 to 6 (series et = 5 in 48.15 % and 6 in 50.00 % of pedipalps examined). The pectinal teeth number in males is 7 to 8 (7 in 46.88 % and 8 in 50.00 % of pectines examined); in females usually 6 (in 86.36 %), more rarely 7 (in 13.64 % of pectines examined). Lchel/Wchel ratio is 2.523 in males and 2.672 in females. Dorsal patellar spur welldeveloped. Femur usually is slightly longer than patella or as long as it, but could be also slightly shorter than patella; Lfem/Lpat ratio is 1.013. Carapace could be both slightly longer than wide (mostly in males), and slightly wider than long (mostly in females); average ratio Lcar/Wcar 1.022 in males and 0.997 in females; average distance from center of median eyes to anterior margin of the carapace is 40.92 % of the carapace length. Average ratio of Lmet/Lcar is 2.854 in males and 2.549 in females.

Trichobothrial and pectinal teeth count variation. The variation observed in 27 studied specimens (16 ♂, 11 ♀) is given below.

Pectinal teeth in males: 7/7 (6), 7/8 (2), 8/7 (1), 8-8 (6), 8-9 (1); in total, 7 (15, or 46.88 %) and 8 (16, or 50.00); mean = 7.56, SD = 0.56 (n=32).

Pectinal teeth in females: 6/6 (8), 6/7 (3); in total, 6 (19, or 86.36 %) and 7 (3, or 13.64 %); mean = 6.14, SD = 0.35 (n=22).

Pedipalp patella trichobothria Pv: 6/7 (2), 7/6 (2), 7/7 (17), 7/8 (3), 8/8 (3); in total, 7 (41, or 75.93 %), and 8 (9, or 16.67 %); mean = 7.09, SD = 0.47 (n=54).

Pedipalp patella trichobothria Pe: et = 5/3 (1), 5/5 (10), 5/6 (2), 6/5 (4), 6/6 (10); in total, 5 (26, or 48.15 %) and 6 (27, or 50.00 %); mean = 5.44, SD = 0.60 (n=54); in all specimens, est = 4/4; em = 4/4; esb = 2/2; eba = 4/4; eb = 4/4.

Hemispermatophore. Both right and left hemispermatophores of three specimens were studied. They have a well-developed lamina tapered distally; welldeveloped basal constriction present; truncal flexure present; median projection with primary and secondary acuminate processes; internal projection distally show 9–11 tines in its crown. The number of tines of the crown could differ between specimens and between the right and the left hemispermatophores and are often forked. The shape of the secondary acuminate processes could differ between specimens and between the right and the left hemispermatophores.

Description of the male holotype

Coloration: Whole color medium brown with carapace darker and legs, telson and chelicerae lighter; weak marbling on carapace, tergites and metasoma; sternites and pectines and genital operculum very light brownish/ivory; chelicerae very light, yellowish/light brownish with darker fingers and finger teeth much darker, palms without marbling; telson yellowish, with a longitudinal darker line and dark reddish aculeus tip; all carinae darker, dark brown to blackish colored.

Carapace: A very fine granulation on whole surface is present, except in the anterior area between the anterior edge, the lateral eyes and median eyes, which is almost smooth, very finely punctated and glossy, and the lateral area behind the lateral eyes, which has greater and marked granules; anterior edge granulate and more or less straight; very deep posterior lateral furrows; two pairs of lateral eyes (with a larger anterior eye), and a pair of median eyes, situated distally of the middle; distance from center of median eyes to anterior margin is 41.01 % of carapace length.

Mesosoma: Tergites very finely granulated; sternites glossy and finely punctated. Small spiracles inclined about 45° downward towards outside.

Metasoma: Dorsal carinae on segments I–IV with spaced granules; dorsolateral carinae on segments I barely traceable with very few, small, spaced granules, in the proximal area, on segments II–V absent or obsolete; ventrolateral carinae absent on segment I, obsolete or smooth on segments II–IV, granulated to serrulated on segment V; ventromedian carina absent on segments I–IV, the V segment from weakly granulated in the proximal area to irregularly granulated/serrulated, with the distal area indistinguishable from the granulation of the surface; dorsal intercarinal spaces with a very fine granulation, most evident on the segments IV and V, smooth or almost smooth on the lateral and ventral surface, except the V segment surface, which is very granulated on the distal 1/3 of the length, and well granulated only laterally on 2/3 of the length.

Telson: Vesicle with a few scattered, very small granules to rough, with ventral setae of different size, especially near the vesicle/aculeus juncture.

Pectines: Teeth number 8/8; middle lamellae number 5/5; several microsetae on proximal area of teeth, marginal lamellae, middle lamellae and fulcra.

Genital operculum: The genital operculum is formed by two longitudinally separated subtriangular sclerites; genital papillae protruding; a few microsetae are present.

Sternum: Pentagonal shape, type 2; slightly wider than long, with a deep posterior emargination.

Pedipalps: Coxa and trochanter with tuberculated carinae. Femur: dorsal and ventral internal carinae tuberculated; dorsal external carinae formed by slightly spaced tubercles; external median carinae serrulated; ventral external carinae formed by spaced tubercles, well-formed only in the proximal 1/3; anterior median formed by spaced conical tubercles, varying in size, of which three are greater and well-marked with a macroseta each; dorsal and ventral intercarinal spaces with granules of variable size, greater near the carinae. Patella: dorsal and ventral internal carinae tuberculated to granulated; dorsal external carinae rough; ventral external carinae from rough to granulated; dorsal intercarinal surface with granules of variable size, greater near the internal carinae and in distal area; ventral intercarinal surface from smooth to few scattered minute granules, especially near ventral internal carinae. Dorsal patellar spur well developed. Chelal carina D1 is distinct, strong, dark, smooth to rough; D4 is rounded and rough; V1 is distinct, strong, dark and rough with a few tubercle serrulates proximally; V3 rounded, dark and lightly and finely granulated; external carina granulated; intercarinal tegument rough with granules of variable size. Typical Euscorpius chela finger dentition.

Trichobothria: Chela: trichobothria on the pedipalp manus ventral surface 4/4 (V 1-3 +Et 1). Patella ventral (Pv): 7/7. Patella external (Pe): et = 5/5, est = 4/4, em = 4/4, esb = 2/2, eba = 4/4, eb = 4 / 4. Femur: trichobothrium d is slightly proximal to i, while trichobothrium e is distal to both d and i, and situated on dorsal external carina.

Legs: With two pedal spurs; no tarsal spur; ventral row of tarsus III with a total of 10/11 spinules, of increasing size from proximal to distal, ending with a decentralized spinule; 3 flanking pairs of tarsal setae adjacent to the ventral spinule row. Basitarsus with 2 to 9 prolateral spinules, with increasing number from legs IV to I. Granulation well present on dorsal and ventral surface of leg femora, it is mostly marked and dark ventrally.

Chelicerae: Movable finger: the dorsal distal denticle is much smaller than the ventral distal denticle; ventral edge is smooth with brush-like setae on the inner part; dorsal edge has five denticles: one large distal, two small subdistal, one large median, and a small basal. Fixed finger has four denticles: one distal, one subdistal, one median and one basal, the last two in a fork arrangement; the internal surface has brush-like setae.