Macroglenes chalybeus (Haliday)

Mitroiu, Mircea-Dan, 2010, Revision of the Palearctic species of Macroglenes Westwood (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), Zootaxa 2563, pp. 1-34 : 13-15

Macroglenes chalybeus (Haliday)

(Figs 7, 17)

Pirene chalybea Haliday, 1833: 338 .

Macroglenes chalybeus ; O’Conner et al., 2000: 74.

? Corynocere brevicornis Nees, 1834: 124 .

Pirene rubi Haliday, 1844: 296 . Synonymy by Graham, 1969: 349. Pirene scylax Walker, 1848: 162 . Synonymy by Graham, 1969: 349. Pirene rasnitsyni Dzhanokmen, 1993: 101 −103.

Macroglenes rasnitsyni ; Dzhanokmen, 2005: 63, syn. nov.

Diagnosis. Body black (brownish in old specimens or those kept for a long time in alcohol — which is valid for all species), without metallic reflections; clypeal margin not incised (cf. Figs 1–2); antenna (Fig. 7) with F5 larger than rest of funicular segments, always with sensilla, but variable regarding the width / length ratio (see variation below); mesosoma virtually flattened in females, slightly convex in males, scutellum and propodeum virtually in same plane (cf. Fig. 11); pecten about 2/3 as long as hind tibia, sometimes slightly less (cf. Fig. 14); forewing without clear bare area between R and apical margin (cf. Fig. 21), basal cell mostly bare; ovipositor sheaths usually about 1/3 length of hind tibia, sometimes slightly more (Fig. 17); hypopygium at about same level as tip of gaster (Fig. 17). Male with normal eyes and scape distinctly swollen, about 2– 2.3X as long as wide in lateral view (Fig. 7).

Material examined. LECTOTYPE (ɗ) Pirene scylax Walker : U.K.: ‘ Pirene Scylax ɗ Walker’, ‘Stood under this name in old B. M. Coll. C. Waterhouse’ (‘Waterhouse label’ will be used further), ‘ LECTOTYPE: ɗ M. de V. Graham det. 1969’, ‘ Pirene chalybea Hal. ɗ sec Graham 1969 ’, ‘ɗ Macoglenes chalybeus (Hal.) det. Z. Bouček’ ( BMNH). PARATYPES (1 Ψ, 1 ɗ) Pirene rasnitsyni Dzhanokmen : KAZAKHSTAN: ‘ Pirene rasnitsyni Dzhanokmen 92’ (additional information in Russian, see Dzhanokmen, 1993) ( BMNH).

Additional material. CZECH REPUBLIC: 1Ψ ‘Súlava u Řevnic, BOHEMIA centr., Macek VII. 63 ’ ( NMPC); 1Ψ ‘Praha-Ruzynë, 10. VII. 52 Bouček’ ( NMPC); 3Ψ ‘Cís. les: Kamerná, 20. VII. 51. Bčk.’, ‘ Bohemia, Bouček’ ( NMPC); 1Ψ ‘Moldava, Krušné hory, Bohemia, Bouček legitv / 1. 6. 57 ’ ( NMPC); 1Ψ ‘Δ Deblík, Středohoří, 26. 7. 56, BOHEMIA, Bouček’ ( NMPC); 1Ψ ‘ Bohemia c.: údolí Noutonice-Kováry, Bouček / 16. VI. 1954 ’ ( NMPC); 1Ψ idem, ’ 11. 6. 53 ’ ( NMPC); 5Ψ ‘Milá, Středohoři, 30. IV. 61, BOHEMIA, Bouček’ ( NMPC); 1Ψ ‘ Bohemia or. Hradec Králové, … / … 194…, Bouček leg.’ ( NMPC); 1Ψ ‘Boh. or. Hradec Kr., Bouček VIII. 44.’ ( NMPC); 1Ψ ‘ Bohemia: Praha-Ruzynë, Bouček / 12. VIII. 53 ’ ( NMPC); 1Ψ ‘Praha-Roztoky, Bohemia, Strejček 9. VII. 68 ’ ( NMPC); 1Ψ ‘Ratibořické hory, Tábor, BOHEM., 14. 7. 45. Hoffer’ ( NMPC); 1Ψ ‘Nový Hradec Kr. BOHEMIA or., Bouček / 27. 8. 58 ’, ‘? chalybea (G.)’ ( NMPC); 1Ψ ‘ Bohemia centr., Čelákovice, smyk Bouček / 5. VI. 55 ’ ( NMPC); 1Ψ ‘ ČSR Morav. occid. Javolice, 7. 8. 44. Dr. A. Hoffer’, ‘horský terain (cca 800 m n. m.), (stromy a keře)’ ( NMPC); 1Ψ ‘ Černà Studnice u Jabonce n/N Bohemia, 17. VI. 61. Martinek’ ( NMPC); 1Ψ ‘Bohem. merid. Střibr. Hutĕ, 10. / 7. 1945, Bouček leg.’ ( NMPC); 1Ψ ‘ Bohemia: Krkonoše, Labskálorska, 19. 7. 1963. Martinek’ ( NMPC); 1Ψ ‘Hradec Králové, 11. 8. Vëkoše 1962, BOHEMIA Bouček’ ( NMPC); 1ɗ ‘ BOHEMIA: Janov u Dë ína, Bouček leg. / 29. 7. 56 ’ ( NMPC); 1ɗ ‘Cís. les: Kamerná, 22. VII. 51. Bčk.’, ‘ Bohemia, Bouček’ ( NMPC); 1ɗ ‘Doksy: Břehynë, BOHEMIA, Bouček 30. VI. 1957 ’ ( NMPC); 3ɗ ‘ Bohemia c.: údolí Neutonice-Kováry, Bouček, 16. VI. 54 ’ ( NMPC); 1ɗ ‘ Bohemia cent. Praha-, 19. / V. 1946., Bouček leg.’ ( NMPC); 1ɗ ‘Boh., Praha-okolí, Chuchle, Bouček 6. 6. 59 ’ ( NMPC); 1ɗ ‘ Bohemia or.: Velký Vřeštov, Bouček VIII. 54 ’ ( NMPC); 1ɗ ‘Boh., Hradec Kr., Novy, Bouček 22. 7. 55 ’ ( NMPC); 1ɗ ‘Moravia mer., Čejč, leg. Kocourek / 16. 6. 56 ’ ( NMPC); 1ɗ ‘ Bohemia or. Hradec Králové, 1. / VI. 1945, Bouček leg.’ ( NMPC); 1ɗ ‘ Bohemia: Hradec Kr. Piletice, Bouček 22. VI. 53 ’ ( NMPC). FRANCE: 2ɗ ‘ FRANCE, Montpellier, 13-V. 1979, J. T. Huber’, ‘A long river bank (Le Lez) and woods nearby grasses and low woody veg.’, ‘ɗ Macroglenes Det. Z. Bouček ‘89’ ( CNC); 1Ψ [ France], ‘Agay-Var, Gallia, … 27., Coll: Obenberger’ ( NMPC). GERMANY: 1Ψ on the same card as 1ɗ ‘ Stenophrus compressus Foerst. ’, ‘Aachen’ (only the male is true compressus ); 1ɗ idem, ‘46/6’, ‘named by A. Foerster’; 4ɗ ‘ PIRENE graminea Hal. V. Delucchi det.’, ‘C. I. L. B. Ascherleben Allemagne, WEISSLER’, ‘C. I. L. B. Ex. Contarinia pisi Winn. Cecidomyidae’, ‘ɗ Macroglenes chalybea (Halid.) det. Baur 1993’ ( MHNG); 1Ψ ‘Kiel & eur., Boness 1950’, ‘prairies humides’, ‘ Pirene gramínea Hal. Ch. Ferrière det.’, ‘Ψ Macroglenes chalybea (Halid.) det. Baur 1993’ ( MHNG); 1Ψ [ Germany], ‘Bittendorf-1935, Col. MAGEK 18. 8., RAKOUSKO’, ‘5 27’ ( NMPC); 1ɗ idem, ‘ 1936, 31. 5. ’ ( NMPC); 2Ψ, 2ɗ ‘ Germania: Aschersleben, Contarinia pisi, 1960 ? V. Geissler’, ‘ Pirene graminea Hal. Ψ/ɗ, Zd. Bouček det. 1962’ ( NMPC); 3ɗ ‘Aschersleben, Germania, 24. VI. 60. Geißler’ ( NMPC); 5Ψ, 1ɗ (on the same pin) ‘ Pirene graminea Hal. Ψ, Zd. Bouček det. 1962’, idem ‘ɗ’, ‘C. I. L. B. / Ex.: Contarinia pisi Winn , Cecidomyidae’, ‘C. I. L. B. / ‘aschersleben allemagne, GEISSLER’, ‘Ψɗ Macroglenes chalybea (Halid.) , det. Baur 1993’ ( NMBE). ITALY: 1Ψ ‘I, NO: d’Orta n S. Maurizio d’Opaglio, 320 m, 870.4/70.1, 28. 6. 1993, leg. H. Baur’, ‘Macroglenes’ ( NMBE). MOROCCO: 8Ψ ‘Talasoltane RIF- 1850 m, 4–11. 7. 61 ’, ‘Ψ Macroglenes chalybea (Haliday) det. H. Baur’ ( NMBE). ROMANIA: 2ɗ ‘R. N. Valea lui David, 5. VIII. 1999, 304’, ‘ Macroglenes chalybeus ɗ det. Mitroiu 2006 ’ ( MICO); 1ɗ idem, ’ 11. VI. 1999 leg. L. Fusu 278’ ( MICO); 1Ψ, 1ɗ idem, ’ 31. V. 2009, sweep net Leg. M. Mitroiu’ ( MICO); 1Ψ ‘Marzesti (IS), 2. VI. 2004 leg. L. Fusu 289’, ‘ Macroglenes chalybeus Ψ det. Mitroiu 2005’ ( MICO); 1ɗ ‘RO: IS, Ciric (pajiste), 29. V. 0 8 leg. M.-D. Mitroiu’, ‘ Macroglenes chalybeus ɗ det. Mitroiu 2009’ ( MICO); 1Ψ ‘RO: NT, Potoci (pajiste), 26. VI. 99 leg. M.-D. Mitroiu’, ‘ Macroglenes chalybeus Ψ det. Mitroiu 2009’ ( MICO); 1ɗ idem ’ 28. VI. 99 ’ ( MICO); 1ɗ ‘RO: P. N. Piatra Craiului-Marele Grohotis, 20. VIII. 0 3 leg. Popescu’, ’ Macroglenes chalybeus ɗ det. Mitroiu 2009’ ( MICO); 1Ψ ‘ Macroglenes chalybea Hal. Ψ (I.A.) (?) / Iasi 21. V. 1957, pe Sisymbrium (I.A.)’ ( MICO); 3Ψ, 5ɗ ‘ Macroglenes spp. Ψɗ I.A. / Raul Pangaricior (NT) 7. VI. 1957 ’ ( MICO). SLOVAKIA: 1Ψ ‘ ČSR. Slovakia, Balanskátatry, 9. 56 A. Hoffer’, ‘Bujačivoch, Košiarc 1800–2000 m’ ( NMPC); 1Ψ ‘Slov. cent., Δ Pol’ana, VI. 52. Bouček’ ( NMPC); 1ɗ ‘ SLOVAKIA: Štúrovo vrch Hedfárok, 27. 7. 55 Bouček’ ( NMPC). SWITZERLAND: 1ɗ ‘ Pirene graminea Hal., Ch. Ferriere det’, ‘ex Cecidomyia pisi’, ‘ Suisse, Rheintal, VII. 1931 Wintenhalten’ ( BMNH); 3ɗ, 5Ψ ‘St. Gall. Rheintal 1933, H. Kutter’, ‘Ex Contarinia pisi’, ‘ Pirene graminea Hal. Ch. Ferrière det’, ‘ Macroglenes chalybea (Halid.) det. H. Baur 1993’, ‘ Macroglenes chalybeus Hal. det. H. Baur 2009’ ( MHNG); 1ɗ, 2Ψ idem, ‘Vallée d. Rhin, VII. 1933 ’ ( MHNG); 1ɗ ‘Suisse-Valais, Derborence, 25 VII 56, Cl. Besuchet’, ‘ Macroglenes chalybeus Hal. ɗ det. H. Baur 2009’ ( MHNG); 1ɗ ‘ CH BE Bremgarten Hogger (Magerwiese), 550 m 599.4/202.9, 19. 5. 2004 leg. H. Baur’, ‘ Macroglenes chalybea Halid. ɗ, det. H. Baur 2004’ ( NMBE); 1Ψ ‘ CH VS 2000 m, Kippel, Hockenalp, 624/139, 23. viii, 1997 H. Baur’ ( NMBE); 2Ψ ‘ CH BE 1420 m, Boltigen, Vordere, Reidigen 592/164, 12. viii. 1997 H. Baur’ ( NMBE). U.K.: 9ɗ ‘Lincolnshire Kirton, 20. VI. 1969, Ex. Contarinia pisi C.I.E. A 3151’, one male labeled ‘ Pirene chalybea Hal., M. de V. Graham det. ‘69’, 2 males labeled ‘M. chalybeus’ ( BMNH); 3Ψ, 22ɗ ‘From field of peas, 27.VII.1956 ’, ‘ England, LN, Crowle, B. A. Cooper, B. M. 1956-420’, one male of this series labeled ‘chalibeus’ and another one ‘ Graham 1969: Pirene chalybea Hal’, ‘ Macroglenes chalybeus (Hal.) det. Z. Bouček, 1988’ ( BMNH); 5Ψ, 3ɗ ‘ England, LN, Crowle, Coll. D. Lomas’, ‘Pres. by B. A. Cooper, From field of peas, 2. VIII. 1956 ’ ( BMNH); 2Ψ, 2ɗ ‘Surrey, Merton, Among pea thrips, 24. VI. 1945, C. B. Williams’, one of the females labeled ‘ P. graminea Hal. det. Ferriere’, ‘ Pirene scylax Wlk. ’ ( BMNH); 1ɗ ‘ Macroglenes chalybeus (Hal.) Scylax sec Type coll. Wlk. M. de V. Graham BMNH 1983-2’, ‘Bagley Wood, Berks., M. W. G (2) 5. 7. 1956 ’ ( BMNH); 1ɗ ‘Torquai, Devon, ENGLAND, 19-VI-1960, J. R. Vockeroth’ ( CNC);? U.K.: 1Ψ ‘ Pirene , CF’, ‘ Macroglenes penetrans Kirby’, ’38 / 7.12 / 105’ (round label, blue underneath), Waterhouse label ( BMNH); 1Ψ ’38 / 7.12 / 177’ (round label, blue underneath) ( BMNH); 2ɗ ‘Ruthe Coll., 59. 101’, ‘ Corynocere Ns. ?’, ‘39/6 55’ ( BMNH); 2ɗ ‘ Pirene rubi Hal. , 59 H.’, Waterhouse label, ‘= P. chalybea Hal. sec. Graham 1969 ’ ( BMNH); 1Ψ ‘Walker coll., 1904-120’; 5ɗ ‘ Macroglenes microcerus Hal. ’, ‘ Pirene graminea Hal., Ch. Ferriere det.’ ( BMNH); 8ɗ (4 on one card) ‘ Macroglenes microcerus’, Waterhouse label ( BMNH).

Variation. F5 varies from virtually as long as wide (rarely) to distinctly transverse, but still provided with sensilla, and usually more or less asymmetric when seen from profile. Regarding this character, the distinction between M. chalybeus and M. varicornis (Haliday) appears to be less clear than stated by Graham (1969: 341). Also, F1–F3 vary from distinctly separated (rarely) to being rather compacted together, although they are not fused as is commonly encountered for M. gramineus (Haliday) or M. herbaceus (Graham) . The pecten of the hind tibia can extend for more than 2/3 the length of the tibia in some males, and in some females for slightly less.

Comments. After comparing the types of M. rasnitsyni (Dzhanokmen) with M. chalybeus , it appears that M. rasnitsyni is a specimen of M. chalybeus with a distinctly transverse F5, similar to many other individuals that I examined; thus, I regard the former name as a junior synonym of the latter. Macroglenes brevicornis (Nees, 1834) was regarded by Graham (1969) as a possible synonym of M. chalybeus ( Haliday, 1833) ; because the types are considered as lost, this cannot be further clarified.

At one point I tried to distinguish several possibly valid species, mainly based on the size of F5, wing venation and hind tibial pecten, but the differences proved to be very small and the characters overlapping so at present I prefer to treat all the morphological forms as a single species. Perhaps more information may be provided by future molecular studies.

Distribution. Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Montenegro, Netherlands, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, U.K. ( Noyes, 2003); Kazakhstan. Previously unrecorded from Italy and Morocco.

Hosts. Recorded from the midges ( Diptera : Cecidomyiidae ) Contarinia pisi (Loew) , C. thermopsii Fedotova and Dasineura viciae (Kieffer) on Fabaceae , and C. tritici (Kirby) on Poaceae ( Graham 1969; Dzhanokmen 1993).