Terebralia duboisi (Hörnes, 1855)

Harzhauser, Mathias, Guzhov, Aleksandr & Landau, Bernard, 2023, A revision and nomenclator of the Cainozoic mudwhelks (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Batillariidae, Potamididae) of the Paratethys Sea (Europe, Asia), Zootaxa 5272 (1), pp. 1-241 : 94-97

Terebralia duboisi (Hörnes, 1855)

Figs 15D–F, 16C, 16J, 17A

Cerithium plicatum Brugière [sic]— Dubois de Montpéreux 1831: 34, pl. 2, figs 12, 13, 14 [non Bruguière, 1792].

* Cerithium Duboisi Ĥrn. — Ĥrnes 1855: 399, pl. 42, figs 4–5.

Cerithium Duboisi Hörnes — Cobălcescu 1883: 150, pl. 15, figs 5a–b.

Cerithium Duboisi —Quenstedt 1884: 489, pl. 204, figs 36–37.

Tympanotomus Duboisi M. Hoern.— Hoernes 1901: 322, pl. 1, fig. 7.

Tympanotomus Duboisi M. Hoern. (?)— Friedberg 1907: 12, pl. 1, fig. 4.

Cerithium (Ptychopotamides) quinquecinctum Schff. — Schaffer 1912: 156, pl. 52, fig. 9.

Terebralia Duboisi Hoern. — Friedberg 1914: 299, pl. 18, fig. 8, text-fig. 67.

Terebralia Andrzejowskii Friedb. — Friedberg 1914: 301, pl. 18, fig. 9.

Terebralia lignitarum Eichw. —Friedberg 1928: 601, text-fig. 86b [non Eichwald, 1830].

Potamides Andrzejowskii Friedb. —Friedberg 1928: 600.

Potamides (Ptychopotamides) quinquecinctum Schaffer — Sieber 1937: 479.

Potamides Andrzejowskii Friedb. — Friedberg 1938a: 98.

Terebralia Duboisi Hoern. — Friedberg 1938a: 103.

Cerithium andrzejowskii Friedb. — Simionescu & Barbu 1940: 84, pl. 1, fig. 33.

Terebralia lignitarum (Eichwald) — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1950: 28, pl. 1, fig. 18 [non Eichwald, 1830].

Terebralia lignitarum Eichwald, 1830 — Korobkov 1951: 100, pl. 9, figs 9, 13 [non Eichwald, 1830].

Terebralia bidentata lignitarum Eichw. — Strausz 1954: 96, pl. 1. fig. 22 [non Eichwald, 1830].

Terebralia lignitarum (Eichwald) — Švagrovský 1954: 24, pl. 3, figs 3–21 [non Eichwald, 1830].

Terebralia andrzejowskii Friedb. — Korobkov 1955: plate captions, pl. 29, figs 3a–b.

Terebralia bidentata lignitarum Eichwald, 1830 / 1853 — Strausz 1955a: 37, pl. 3, figs 25–26 [non Eichwald, 1830].

Terebralia andrezjowski [sic] Friedb.— Saulea 1956: 81, pl. 3, figs 1–3.

Potamides (Terebralia) bidentata lignitarum (Eichwald) — Boda 1959: 614, pl. 24, figs 22–26 [non Eichwald, 1830].

Terebralia bidentata lignitarum (Eichwald) — Švagrovský 1964: 84, pl. 21, fig. 4 [non Eichwald, 1830].

Terebralia bidentata lignitarum (Eichwald) —Hinculov in Iliescu et al. 1968: 128, pl. 30, fig. 14 [non Eichwald, 1830].

Potamides andrzejowskii Friedberg, 1914 — Zelinskaya et al. 1968: 156, pl. 38, figs 20–21.

Terebralia bidentata andrzejowskii Friedberg, 1914 — Kojumdgieva 1969: 96, pl. 33, figs 12–13.

Pirenella andrzejowskii (Friedberg) — Plǎmǎdealǎ 1970: 108, pl. 5, figs 1–8.

Terebralia lignitarum (Eichwald) — Bohn-Havas 1973: 1044, pl. 4, fig. 5 [non Eichwald, 1830].

Terebralia lignitarum ( Eichwald, 1830) — Švagrovský 1971: 342, pl. 58, figs 7–9 [non Eichwald, 1830].

Terebralia lignitarum (Eichwald) — Papp 1974: 345, pl. 3, figs 1–2 [non Eichwald, 1830].

Terebralia duboisi (Hörnes, 1856) — Bałuk 1975: 135, pl. 15, fig. 4.

Terebralia lignitarum ( Eichwald, 1830) — Pek & Bičik 1995: 5, figs 2–3 [non Eichwald, 1830].

Terebralia lignitarum lignitarum (Eichwald) — Schultz 1998: 54, pl. 20, fig. 18 [non Eichwald, 1830].

Terebralia lignitarum lignitarum ( Eichwald, 1853) — Ionesi et al. 2005: 108, pl. 10, fig. 16, pl. 17, fig. 12, pl. 23, figs 17–18 [non Eichwald, 1830].

Terebralia duboisi ( Ĥrnes, 1855) — Landau et al. 2013: 53, pl. 4, fig. 12.

Type material. Lectotype designated herein: NHMW 1851/0002/0058, SL: 62.4 mm, MD: 19.1 mm, Grund ( Austria), Middle Miocene, Badenian, illustrated in Ĥrnes (1855: pl. 42, fig. 4), Figs 15D 1 –D 2 . Paralectotype: NHMW 1851/0002/0058, SL: 35.1 mm, MD: 16.0 mm, Grund ( Austria), Middle Miocene, illustrated in Ĥrnes (1855: pl. 42, fig. 5), Figs 16C 1 –C 2 .

Type locality. Grund ( Austria) .

Stratigraphy. Middle Miocene, Badenian.

Illustrated material. NHMWA883, SL: 64.9 mm, MD: 20.5 mm, Guntersdorf ( Austria), Badenian, Middle Miocene, Figs 15E 1 –E 2; NHMW1851/0017/1088b, SL: 66.1 mm, MD: 22.4 mm, Touraine ( France), Langhian, Figs 15F 1 –F 2; NHMW 1999z0004/0003, SL: 47.5 mm, MD: 14.7 mm, Natural History Museum Vienna ( Austria), Early Miocene, Eggenburgian, holotype of Cerithium (Ptychopotamides) quinquecinctum Schaffer, 1912 , illustrated in Schaffer (1912: pl. 52, fig. 9), Figs 16J 1 –J 2; NHMW 1866/0044/0003, SL: 39.5 mm, MD: 14.2 mm, Buják ( Hungary), Badenian, Middle Miocene, Figs 17A.

Studied material. Karpatian (Early Miocene): 6 spec., NHMW 1846/0027/0369, Niederkreuzstetten ( Austria) ; 5 spec., NHMW 1869/0042/0017, Niederkreuzstetten ( Austria) ; 5 spec., NHMW 1861/0050/0164, Weinsteig ( Austria) ; 1 spec., NHMW 2022/0037/0001, Helfens ( Austria) . Badenian ( Middle Miocene ) : 1 spec. NHMW 1862/0033/0037, P̂ls ( Austria) ; 43 spec., NHMW 2020/0009/0001, Guntersdorf ( Austria) ; 4 spec., NHMW 2022/0038/0001, Guntersdorf ( Austria) ; 125 spec., NHMW 2022/0026/0003, Grund ( Austria) ; 120 spec., NHMW 2022/0026/0004, Grund ( Austria) ; 9 spec., NHMW 1851/00002/0058; 10 spec., NHMW 2022/0039/0001, Grund ( Austria) ; 7 spec., NHM 1851/0002/0058, Grund ( Austria) ; 26 spec., NHMW 1884/0018/1608, Grund ( Austria) ; 24 spec., NHMW 1861/0011/0109, Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou ( Czech Republic) ; 15 spec., NHMW 1865/0019/0010, Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou ( Czech Republic) ; 1 spec., NHMW 1860/0001/0269, Podivín (= Kostel) ( Czech Republic) ; 2 spec., NHMW 2022/0034/0002, Várpalota ( Hungary) ; 6 spec., NHMW 1873/0014/0030, Slovenj Gradec ( Slovenia) ; 12 spec., NHMW 1859/0042/0025, Hidas ( Hungary) ; 1 spec., NHMW 2022/0040/0001, Ternopil ( Ukraine) ; Bessarabian ( Late Miocene ) : 1 spec., NHMW 1859/0040/0021, Okny (former Krasni Okny) ( Ukraine) ; 7 spec., NHMW 1853/0049/0017, Merignac ( France) , Burdigalian ( Early Miocene ) .

Revised description. Large, moderately slender conical, faintly gradate shell with subcylindric to weakly convex, depressed whorls; suture moderately incised. Apical angle ~20–23°. Protoconch and first teleoconch whorls not preserved. Later whorls with four distinct spiral cords of close-set rounded beads, axially arranged in weakly opisthocline lines, without forming distinct axial ribs. Weak fifth beaded spiral cord appearing at abapical suture, often being out of sequence relative to other spiral cords. Last whorl with convex periphery, rapidly contracting into convex base. Base covered by about five beaded spiral cords. Varices weak, indistinct. Aperture wide ovoid. Columella straight with weak columellar fold.Inner lip broad, weakly callused, adapically attached to base; abapically forming narrow pseudoumbilicus. Anal canal moderately incised. Outer lip flaring, weakly thickened (aperture only preserved in few dwarfed specimens). Two denticles deep inside aperture; abapical denticle in basal position close to columella. Siphonal canal deeply incised, strongly twisted and deflected to the left. Some specimens with reddish tops on beads.

Synonyms. Terebralia andrzejowskii Friedberg, 1914 is a Sarmatian morph of T. duboisi , characterized by a delicate sculpture of more numerous and smaller nodes.Therefore, it could be considered as endemic chronosubspecies of T. duboisi forming a lineage comparable to T. lignitarum — T. menestrieri . As there are no additional conchological features to distinguish both morphs, we refrain from separating T. andrzejowskii at subpecies rank. Cerithium (Ptychopotamides) quinquecinctum Schaffer, 1912 is an aberrant specimen of T. duboisi with slender shell and growth irregularities.

Discussion. See Terebralia lignitarum ( Eichwald, 1830) for discussion on the separation of both species, which co-occur at many localities, suggesting similar ecological requirements.

Central Paratethys. Karpatian (Early Miocene): Korneuburg Basin: Niederkreuzstetten, Weinsteig ( Austria) ( Ĥrnes 1855). Badenian (Middle Miocene): Korytnica Basin: Korytnica ( Poland) ( Bałuk 1975), North Alpine-Carpathian Foreland Basin: Grund, Guntersdorf, Pernersdorf, Immendorf ( Austria), Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou ( Czech Republic) ( Ĥrnes 1855, own data); Vienna Basin: Mikulov, Podivín (= Kostel) ( Czech Republic) ( Ĥrnes 1855); Krka Basin: Slovenj Gradec ( Slovenia) (own data); Pannonian Basin: Hidas, Várpalota, Tinnye ( Hungary) (own data); Sarmatian, Volhynian (Middle Miocene): Polish-Ukrainian Fore-Carpathian Basin: Golubytsya (Lviv Region), Okny (Odessa Region), Glibiv, Ternopil (Ternopil Region, Ukraine), Chlebów ( Poland) ( Friedberg 1914, 1928; own data); Styrian Basin: Klapping ( Austria) (own data); Eastern Slovakian Basin: Izra, Kalša, Nižná Myšľa, Slanec, Slančík, Stankovce, Trstené pri Hornáde, Ždaňa ( Slovakia) ( Švagrovský 1971).

Eastern Paratethys. Sarmatian, Volhynian (Middle Miocene): Moldavian Platform: Zalistsi (Ternopil Region, Ukraine), Severinovca, Soroca ( Moldova) ( Simionescu & Barbu 1940; Plǎmǎdealǎ 1970); Bohotin, Cârlig Măgura, Nisipurile de Buzdugana, Visterniceni ( Romania) ( Ionesi et al. 2005); Dacian Basin: Noziorul, Lacul, Odăile ( Romania), Knezha, Kula, Staropatitsa ( Bulgaria) ( Kojumdgieva 1969).

Proto-Mediterranean Sea: Burdigalian (Early Miocene): Sivas Basin ( Turkey) ( Stchepinsky 1946), Antalya Basin ( Turkey) (Ýslamoðlu & Taner 2004); Serravallian (Middle Miocene): Karaman Basin ( Turkey) (Eŗnal-Erent̂z 1958; Landau et al. 2013); Burdigalian or Langhian (early/Middle Miocene): Colli Torinesi ( Italy) ( Sacco 1895); Tortonian (Late Miocene): Po Basin ( Italy) ( Sacco 1895 a; Vazzana & Cecalupo 2007).

Northeastern Atlantic: Aquitanian–Burdigalian (Early Miocene): Aquitaine Basin ( France) ( Cossmann & Peyrot 1922); Langhian (Middle Miocene): Loire Basin ( France) ( Glibert 1949); Langhian–Serravallian: Aquitaine Basin ( France) ( Cossmann & Peyrot 1922).