Batillariidae Thiele, 1929

Harzhauser, Mathias, Guzhov, Aleksandr & Landau, Bernard, 2023, A revision and nomenclator of the Cainozoic mudwhelks (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Batillariidae, Potamididae) of the Paratethys Sea (Europe, Asia), Zootaxa 5272 (1), pp. 1-241 : 126-127

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5272.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:1E54F7B0-76B1-4E66-8EB0-32685D378D08
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A73336-915E-F624-FF5D-FA9F4CC7F84C
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Batillariidae Thiele, 1929
status

Treatment

Family Batillariidae Thiele, 1929 View in CoL View at ENA

Genus Granulolabium Cossmann, 1889 View in CoL

Type species. Cerithium plicatum Bruguière, 1792 ; original designation by Cossmann (1889: 77). Oligocene , France .

Original diagnosis. “ Coquille étroite, régulière, non variqueuse, ornée de costules granuleuses, un peu obliques; ouverture ovale, à canal court, à labre mince, muni, à l’inérieur, de rangées de granulations qui correspondent aux cordons de la surface. ” [Shell narrow, regular, not varicose, decorated with granular axial ribs, slightly oblique; aperture oval, with short channel, thin outer lip, rows of granules inside, which correspond to the ribs on the outer surface.] ( Cossmann 1889: 76).

Stratigraphy and paleogeography. Granulolabium View in CoL appeared already during the early Paleocene (Danian) represented by Granulolabium ovalituberosum ( Briart & Cornet, 1873) [= G. montensis ( Briart & Cornet, 1873) ], described from the North Sea Basin ( Briart & Cornet 1873; Kowalke 2002) and persisted into the Eocene with species, such as G. praeplicatus Cossmann, 1889 . With the onset of the Rupelian, the genus experienced an enormous boom and spread across the entire Western Tethys Region. The easternmost Oligocene occurrence in the Proto-Mediterranean Sea is documented from the Iranian Esfahan-Sirjan Basin ( Harzhauser 2004). During the Rupelian, Granulolabium View in CoL reached as far as the Arabian Peninsula along the shores of the northwestern Indian Ocean (Harzhauser 2007). Interestingly, it was not recorded from any Rupelian to Burdigalian faunas of the northeastern Indian Ocean (e.g., Vredenburg 1925; Harzhauser et al. 2009, 2017). Granulolabium View in CoL was ubiquitous in the northwestern Atlantic, Proto-Mediterranean Sea and Paratethys Sea during the Early Miocene but seemingly disappeared at the Early/Middle Miocene boundary except for the enigmatic Serravallian (late Badenian) occurrence of Granulolabium pseudoplicatum (Friedberg, 1928) View in CoL in the Polish-Ukrainian Fore Carpathian Basin.

Ecology. Extant Batillariidae are abundant on sandy mudflats and rarely on rocky shores in the northwestern Pacific and Australasia ( Ozawa et al. 2009). Batillariidae may co-occur with Potamididae ( Wells 1985) but seem to be separated by sediment type preference ( Maki et al. 2002) and feeding strategy ( Kamimura & Tsuchiya 2004). Oligocene and Miocene Granulolabium species co-occurred with Potamididae as well and mudflat habitats have been settled by Granulolabium . Rupelian mangrove assemblages from the Thrace Basin ( Turkey), which contained abundant specimens of the potamidid Mesohalina , lack Granulolabium ( Harzhauser et al. 2011) . Similarly, Early Miocene mudflats close to Taxodiaceae swamps in the Korneuburg Basin ( Austria), were settled by the potamidid Ptychopotamides but again lack Granulolabium (own data M.H., Zuschin et al. 2014).

Discussion. There are two opposing opinions concerning the number of Granulolabium species in the European Oligocene and Early Miocene. Lozouet (1986) treated all morphologies as a single species, Granulolabium plicatum (Bruguière, 1792) . Janssen (1984) and Kadolsky (1995), in contrast, separated several species based on differences in the sculpture. None of the authors, however, provided an exhaustive revision of the numerous species names. Herein, we generally follow Lozouet (1986) concerning his concept of G. plicatum . A comparable variability in sculpture was also documented for the Danian occurrences for which Briart & Cornet (1873) introduced three species names, but which were united in a single species Granulolabium ovalituberosum ( Briart & Cornet, 1873) by Kowalke (2002). Nevertheless, we recognize one additional Early Miocene species, Granulolabium moravicum ( Ĥrnes, 1855) , which might be an endemic late Burdigalian (Karpatian) offshoot of G. plicatum . These last two species do not co-occur geographically and do not overlap stratigraphically. The genus is distinguished from other Paratethyan Batillariidae by its tripartite sculpture of early teleoconch whorls, the large size and the presence of granulae in the aperture ( Table 2).

Species-level taxa placed in Granulolabium reported from the Paratethys abbreviata . Cerithium Schaffer, 1912 → Granulolabium plicatum (Bruguière, 1792) binodosa . Pirenella . Moisescu, 1992a → Granulolabium plicatum (Bruguière, 1792) elegans . Cerithium . auctores → Granulolabium plicatum (Bruguière, 1792) elongata. Potamides . Friedberg, 1914 → Granulolabium pseudoplicatum (Friedberg, 1928) enodosum. Cerithium . auctores → Granulolabium plicatum (Bruguière, 1792)

Kingdom	Animalia
Phylum	Mollusca
Class	Gastropoda
Family	Batillariidae